{"id":23819,"date":"2024-11-18T07:20:02","date_gmt":"2024-11-18T04:20:02","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/candname.com\/tr\/?p=23819"},"modified":"2024-11-13T12:25:08","modified_gmt":"2024-11-13T09:25:08","slug":"torunogullari-kars-tarihine-bir-katki","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/candname.com\/tr\/?p=23819","title":{"rendered":"Toruno\u011fullar\u0131: Kars tarihine bir katk\u0131"},"content":{"rendered":"

Tor\u0131nlar Osmanl\u0131, Rus ve \u0130ran s\u0131n\u0131r boylar\u0131nda varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 y\u00fczy\u0131llar boyunca s\u00fcrd\u00fcrm\u00fc\u015f olan aristokrat bir tabaka olarak tan\u0131n\u0131r. K\u00f6kleri Kars\u2019\u0131n Ka\u011f\u0131zman\u2019\u0131n il\u00e7esi Hal\u0131k\u0131\u015fla k\u00f6y\u00fcne kadar uzan\u0131r.<\/h2>\n

Kars ve \u00e7evresinin \u00e7ok renkli bir tarihi bulunuyor. Son 25 y\u0131lda bu Serhat kenti \u00fczerine Sezai Yaz\u0131c\u0131, Erkan Karag\u00f6z, Vedat Ak\u00e7ay\u00f6z, Murat Tuncel, Candan Badem, \u0130smet Konak, Ludmila Denisenko ve daha ba\u015fka yazarlar ve ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar yararl\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar yapm\u0131\u015flard\u0131r. Kars K\u00fcrtleri adl\u0131 kitab\u0131m\u0131 da bu \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalara dahil edebiliriz (Avesta, 2009). Bu \u00e7al\u0131\u015fman\u0131n ilk 180 sayfas\u0131 Kars ve \u00e7evresindeki \u00e7okk\u00fclt\u00fcrl\u00fcl\u00fc\u011fe ayr\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Y\u00f6re k\u00fclt\u00fcrlerinin birbirini s\u00fcrekli besledi\u011fi\/zenginle\u015ftirdi\u011fi konusundaki tez ve hassasiyetim 570 sayfal\u0131k bu \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmam\u0131n ba\u015f\u0131ndan sonuna kadar devam etmektedir. Kars Vilayeti\u2019nin Rus hakimiyeti alt\u0131nda bulundu\u011fu y\u0131llarda (1877-1918) T\u00fcrkler, K\u00fcrtler, Ermeniler, Ruslar, Rumlar gibi onlarca halk burada ya\u015f\u0131yordu. Y\u00f6rede \u00f6rne\u011fin birer Alman, Eston ve Oset k\u00f6y\u00fc de vard\u0131. Kitab\u0131n sonunda \u201cKars Vilayetindeki N\u00fcfusun Etnik Da\u011f\u0131l\u0131m\u0131 (1889 Verileri)\u201d adl\u0131 bir Rus kayna\u011f\u0131 da yer alm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Y\u00f6rede bulunan 804 yerle\u015fim biriminin o d\u00f6nemdeki eski adlar\u0131, ahalisi\/milliyeti, erkek ve kad\u0131n say\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6steren bu veriler bir bilgi hazinesi olu\u015fturur. Kars \u00fczerine \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar i\u00e7in \u00e7ok yararl\u0131 topografik ve demografik bilgiler i\u00e7eren bu Rus kaynaklar\u0131 sayesinde bug\u00fcn Kars ve y\u00f6resini daha iyi tan\u0131yabiliyoruz. Tor\u0131nlar (T\u00fcrk\u00e7e: Torunlar) bir k\u00fclt\u00fcrel tabaka olarak s\u00f6z\u00fc edilen bu kitab\u0131m\u0131n uzun bir b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fc de olu\u015fturur.<\/p>\n

TORIN S\u00d6ZC\u00dc\u011e\u00dc \u00dcZER\u0130NE<\/h2>\n

Tor\u0131n (Torun) eski K\u00fcrt\u00e7e bir s\u00f6zc\u00fckt\u00fcr, tov (tohum) ve rind (iyi) s\u00f6zc\u00fcklerinden olu\u015fur.<\/p>\n

K\u00fcrt dilbilimcisi ve ayd\u0131n\u0131 Celadet Bedirhan, \u015eam\u2019da \u00e7\u0131kard\u0131\u011f\u0131\u00a0Hawar<\/em>\u00a0dergisinde Herekol Azizan mahlas\u0131yla bu s\u00f6zc\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn etimolojisi hakk\u0131nda 90 y\u0131l \u00f6nce \u015fu k\u0131sa a\u00e7\u0131klamada bulunur: \u201cKonu\u015fma dilinde tovr\u0131nd denilir. Asl\u0131 tovr\u0131nd yani tohumu iyi olan, ailesi iyi tan\u0131nan ki\u015fi. Ortadaki -v- ve sondaki -d- d\u00fc\u015fm\u00fc\u015f: tor\u0131n halini alm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r<\/em>\u201d.(1)<\/strong>\u00a0K\u0131sacas\u0131 Tor\u0131n sosyolojik bir tabakan\u0131n ad\u0131 olarak bilinir, feraset ve basiretleriyle toplumun ayr\u0131cal\u0131kl\u0131 se\u00e7kin bir kesimini olu\u015ftururlar. S\u00f6zc\u00fc\u011f\u00fc daha 19. y\u00fczy\u0131lda \u00f6rne\u011fin bir Frans\u0131z gazetesi\u00a0Temps<\/em>\u2019de de g\u00f6r\u00fcr\u00fcz: \u201cTor\u0131nlar K\u00fcrt soylular\u0131n\u0131 olu\u015fturur<\/em>\u201d (Les Torouns constituent la noblesse kurde).(2)<\/strong>\u00a0Tor\u0131n s\u00f6zc\u00fc\u011f\u00fc bu tabakan\u0131n K\u00fcrt\u00e7esini, Torun da T\u00fcrk\u00e7e kaynaklardaki bi\u00e7imini g\u00f6stermektedir. Bu metinde ayn\u0131 tabakadan s\u00f6z ederken ele ald\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z d\u00f6nem ve mekana g\u00f6re zaman zaman hem Tor\u0131n hem de Torun s\u00f6zc\u00fcklerini kullanmak zorunda kalaca\u011f\u0131z. Ayr\u0131ca \u015funu da belirtmek gerekir ki metinde kulland\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z Tor\u0131n\/Torun s\u00f6zc\u00fclerinin T\u00fcrk\u00e7ede \u00e7ocu\u011funun \u00e7ocu\u011fu anlam\u0131na gelen torun s\u00f6zc\u00fc\u011f\u00fc ile bir ba\u011flant\u0131s\u0131 yoktur.<\/p>\n

TORINLAR KONUSU \u0130LG\u0130M\u0130 \u00c7EK\u0130YOR<\/h3>\n

Tor\u0131nlar \u00f6zellikle Osmanl\u0131, Rus ve \u0130ran s\u0131n\u0131r boylar\u0131nda varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 y\u00fczy\u0131llar boyunca s\u00fcrd\u00fcrm\u00fc\u015f olan aristokrat bir tabaka olarak tan\u0131n\u0131r. 2003 y\u0131l\u0131nda \u00f6nce \u0130sve\u00e7\u2019te \u201dTor\u0131nlar: K\u00fcrt Aristokratlar\u0131\u201d ad\u0131yla \u00e7\u0131kan kitab\u0131m alt\u0131 y\u0131l sonra \u201cSerhat\u0131n Aristokratlar\u0131: Tor\u0131nlar\u201d ad\u0131yla T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de ikinci kez yay\u0131mlan\u0131r.(3)<\/strong>\u00a0Daha sonraki y\u0131llarda, 21.y\u00fczy\u0131la girdi\u011fimizde \u00e7ocukluk ve gen\u00e7lik y\u0131llar\u0131m\u0131n ge\u00e7ti\u011fi Ka\u011f\u0131zman ve Kars gibi y\u00f6reler \u00fczerine yo\u011funla\u015ft\u0131m. T\u00fcrk\u00e7e yay\u0131mlanan Kars K\u00fcrtleri(4)<\/strong>\u00a0ve Ka\u011f\u0131zman(5)<\/strong>\u00a0kitaplar\u0131mda da Tor\u0131nlar konusuna da de\u011findim. T\u00fcrkiye\u2019deki okuyucu \u00f6zellikle bu kitaplar\u0131m vas\u0131tas\u0131yla Tor\u0131n s\u00f6zc\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fcn ayr\u0131 bir anlama geldi\u011fini de saptad\u0131: Asilzade, aristokrat, soylu… K\u00fcrt Tarihi Dergisi\u2019nin 2012 y\u0131l\u0131nda \u00e7\u0131kan ilk say\u0131s\u0131nda yay\u0131mlanan\u00a0\u015eemsedinov K\u00fcrtleri<\/em>\u00a0adl\u0131 yaz\u0131m da 19. y\u00fczy\u0131l boyunca Rusya\u2019da ya\u015fayan ve aristokrat bir K\u00fcrt tabakas\u0131 olu\u015fturan Tor\u0131nlar\u0131 konu edinir.(6)<\/strong>\u00a0Tor\u0131nlar\u0131n efsanevi liderlerinden olan ve Rus ordusunda general olarak g\u00f6rev yapm\u0131\u015f olan Cafer A\u011fa\u2019n\u0131n bir foto\u011fraf\u0131 da (K\u00fcrt\u00e7e: Guli Cewar Axa) bu say\u0131n\u0131n kapa\u011f\u0131nda yer alm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Tor\u0131nlar\u0131n 18. y\u00fczy\u0131lda ya\u015fam\u0131\u015f olan atalar\u0131 \u015eemdin A\u011fa veya \u015eemsedin A\u011fa\u2019n\u0131n ad\u0131na atfen Ruslar kendilerine yak\u0131n bulduklar\u0131 bu K\u00fcrtleri \u201c\u015eemsedinov K\u00fcrtleri\u201d olarak adland\u0131rm\u0131\u015f, Rus literat\u00fcr\u00fc ve tarihinde bu adla yer alm\u0131\u015flard\u0131r.(7)<\/strong><\/p>\n

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Toruno\u011fullar\u0131 K\u00f6y\u00fc: Erda\u011f\u0131 K\u00f6y\u00fc (Eski ad\u0131 K\u0131z\u0131lkilise)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

TORUNO\u011eULLARININ \u00d6YK\u00dcS\u00dc<\/h4>\n

Kars, Ka\u011f\u0131zman ve Tor\u0131nlar, bu \u00fc\u00e7 konuda yazd\u0131\u011f\u0131m kitaplar\u0131m\u0131n haz\u0131rl\u0131k a\u015famas\u0131nda k\u00f6kleri Susuz\u2019a (eski ad\u0131 C\u0131lavuz) ba\u011fl\u0131 K\u0131z\u0131lkilise k\u00f6y\u00fcne kadar uzanan Toruno\u011fullar\u0131 ailesinden pek haberdar de\u011fildim. Bu aile hakk\u0131nda ilk bilgileri ayn\u0131 aileden Erdal ve Aykut Toruno\u011fullar\u0131\u2019ndan edindim, kendilerine buradan \u00e7ok te\u015fekk\u00fcr ederim. Bu aile konusunda iki kitab\u0131n ge\u00e7mi\u015f y\u0131llarda yay\u0131mland\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 da \u00f6\u011frendim, biri roman, di\u011feri biyografik bir \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma. Susuz\u2019a ba\u011fl\u0131 K\u0131z\u0131lkilise k\u00f6y\u00fcnde ya\u015fam\u0131\u015f olan Toruno\u011fullar\u0131 \u00fczerine Murat Tuncel 2014 y\u0131l\u0131nda bir roman yazm\u0131\u015f, bu tabaka ve Kafkasya\u2019daki ya\u015famlar\u0131n\u0131 ele alm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.(8)<\/strong>\u00a0Ailenin son b\u00fcy\u00fcklerinden Faik Toruno\u011fullar\u0131\u2019n\u0131n k\u0131sa ya\u015fam \u00f6yk\u00fcs\u00fc de o\u011flu Aykut Toruno\u011fullar\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan ba\u015fka bir kitap halinde yay\u0131mlan\u0131r.(9)<\/strong><\/p>\n

A\u0130LEN\u0130N \u0130LK B\u00dcY\u00dcKLER\u0130<\/h5>\n

Toruno\u011fullar\u0131n\u0131n k\u00f6klerinin Kars\u2019\u0131n Ka\u011f\u0131zman\u2019\u0131n il\u00e7esine ba\u011fl\u0131 Hal\u0131k\u0131\u015fla\/lak k\u00f6y\u00fcne kadar uzanmas\u0131, bu ba\u011flamda an\u0131lmas\u0131, aile tarihine bir renklilik katm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r:<\/p>\n

\u201c1770\u2019li y\u0131llar\u0131n ba\u015flar\u0131nda kar ve so\u011fuk havan\u0131n ac\u0131madan b\u00fct\u00fcn sertli\u011fini hissettirdi\u011fi bu b\u00f6lgenin, \u00e7etin ge\u00e7en bir k\u0131\u015f\u0131nda, Ermenistan\u2019a hudut olan Kars\u2019\u0131n Ka\u011f\u0131zman il\u00e7esine ba\u011fl\u0131 Hal\u0131k\u0131\u015fla k\u00f6y\u00fcnde \u015eeyh S\u00fcleyman\u2019\u0131n o\u011flu Torun d\u00fcnyaya gelir<\/em>\u201d.(10)<\/strong><\/p>\n

Molla B\u0131ro\u2019nun Ka\u011f\u0131zman\u2019daki akrabalar\u0131 bu s\u0131ralarda Hal\u0131k\u0131\u015fla k\u00f6y\u00fcnde kal\u0131yorlard\u0131. G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde I\u011fd\u0131r-Kars yolu \u00fczerinde, T\u00fcrkiye-Ermenistan s\u0131n\u0131r\u0131 yak\u0131nlar\u0131nda bulunan k\u00f6y 1953 y\u0131l\u0131na kadar Hal\u0131k\u0131\u015fla ad\u0131yla Ka\u011f\u0131zman s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131 i\u00e7inde bulunuyordu. Daha sonra Hal\u0131k\u0131\u015flak ad\u0131n\u0131 alarak Digor\u2019a ba\u011flan\u0131r. Eski y\u00fczy\u0131llarda Hal\u0131k\u0131\u015fla k\u00f6y\u00fcnden Molla B\u0131ro\u2019nun ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 G\u00fcrcistan\u2019\u0131n Miri\u015fhan kasabas\u0131na y\u0131\u011f\u0131nlar halinde bir g\u00f6\u00e7 ya\u015fan\u0131r:<\/p>\n

\u201cOnun yeni bir yurda yerle\u015fti\u011fini duyan Ka\u011f\u0131zman\u2019daki akrabalar\u0131 ile iklim ko\u015fullar\u0131ndan kaynaklanan s\u0131cak ve kurakl\u0131k nedeniyle ailenin farkl\u0131 kollar\u0131ndan ve boylar\u0131ndan olan Have\u015fler, Sar\u0131 M\u0131holar ve M\u0131heler olarak bilinen aileler ve ayr\u0131ca Benduvan k\u00f6y\u00fcnden aslangiller a\u015firetinin de kat\u0131l\u0131m\u0131 ile hepsi birlikte Miri\u015fhan\u2019a yerle\u015firler<\/em>\u201d.(11)<\/strong><\/p>\n

Daha sonralar\u0131 Torun\u2019un Alo ad\u0131nda bir o\u011flu, ondan da B\u0131ro, Gevro ve Alican ad\u0131nda \u00e7ocuklar\u0131 olur. Bunlardan B\u0131ro, Toruno\u011fullar\u0131 ailesinin t\u00fcm ku\u015faklar\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan say\u0131lan ve sevilen tarihi bir \u015fahsiyet olarak tarihe ge\u00e7er. Molla B\u0131ro daha 1877 y\u0131l\u0131nda G\u00fcrcistan\u2019dan gelip Osmanl\u0131 topraklar\u0131na yerle\u015fmeden \u00f6nce yukar\u0131da de\u011findi\u011fimiz gibi G\u00fcrcistan\u2019\u0131n Ah\u0131ska kenti yak\u0131n\u0131ndaki Miri\u015fhan\u2019da kal\u0131yordu. Aile \u015feceresinde (soya\u011fac\u0131) en \u00e7ok tan\u0131nm\u0131\u015f olan \u015fahsiyet 1898 y\u0131l\u0131nda ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 K\u0131z\u0131lkilise k\u00f6y\u00fcnde vefat eden Molla B\u0131ro\u2019dur.(12)<\/strong><\/p>\n

TORUNO\u011eULLARI:\u00a0TORUN S\u00d6ZC\u00dc\u011e\u00dcN\u00dc YA\u015eATAN B\u0130R A\u0130LE<\/h6>\n

Torun s\u00f6zc\u00fc\u011f\u00fc aile taraf\u0131ndan \u00f6nceleri bir erkek ismi olarak kullan\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. B\u00f6ylece ailenin yakla\u015f\u0131k olarak 250 y\u0131ll\u0131k tarihinde ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan I. Torun ve II. Torun\u2019un adlar\u0131 ilerde saptanacak olan ailenin ortak \u00e7at\u0131 soyad\u0131n\u0131n (Toruno\u011fullar\u0131) ortaya \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f\u0131nda da etkili olacaklard\u0131r. Toruno\u011fullar\u0131 tarihinde tan\u0131nm\u0131\u015f ve ya\u015famlar\u0131nda b\u00fcy\u00fck ba\u015far\u0131lara imza atm\u0131\u015f olan Molla B\u0131ro ve Faik Toruno\u011fullar\u0131\u2019n\u0131n her ikisinin b\u00fcy\u00fckbabalar\u0131n\u0131n adlar\u0131 da bir rastlant\u0131 sonucu Torun olarak kay\u0131tlara ge\u00e7mi\u015ftir. Aykut Toruno\u011fullar\u0131 kitab\u0131nda Toruno\u011fullar\u0131 soyad\u0131n\u0131 daha sonraki y\u0131llarda nas\u0131l ald\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 da \u015f\u00f6yle anlat\u0131r:<\/p>\n

\u201cZaman ge\u00e7mi\u015ftir ve Torun, orta boylu, hafif \u00e7ekik g\u00f6zl\u00fc, kumral ve canl\u0131 bir delikanl\u0131 olmu\u015ftur. Soyad\u0131 de\u011fi\u015fiklik kanunu d\u00f6neminde, daha \u00f6nce Kabakurt olarak al\u0131nan aile soyad\u0131 1972 y\u0131l\u0131nda yine ya\u015fayan aile b\u00fcy\u00fcklerinin bir araya gelmesiyle, babalar\u0131 Torun\u2019un isminden dolay\u0131 Toruno\u011fullar\u0131 olarak de\u011fi\u015ftirilecektir\u201d<\/em>.(13)<\/strong><\/p>\n

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\u0130nci Han\u0131m, Faik Bey\u2019in annesi<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n
A\u0130LEN\u0130N SON B\u00dcY\u00dc\u011e\u00dc:\u00a0FA\u0130K TORUNO\u011eULLARI (1938-2022)<\/h6>\n

Toruno\u011fullar\u0131n\u0131n k\u00f6y\u00fc Kars il merkezine 44\u00a0km uzakl\u0131ktaki K\u0131z\u0131lkilise k\u00f6y\u00fcd\u00fcr (T\u00fcrk\u00e7e yeni ad\u0131: Erda\u011f\u0131). 1889 y\u0131l\u0131 Rus verilerine g\u00f6re bu k\u00f6y 15 haneden olu\u015fan bir K\u00fcrt k\u00f6y\u00fcd\u00fcr. N\u00fcfusu bu y\u0131llarda 83 erkek ve 67 kad\u0131ndan olu\u015fuyor, toplam 150 ki\u015fi.(14)<\/strong>\u00a0K\u00f6yl\u00fclerin b\u00fcy\u00fck bir k\u0131sm\u0131 Kurd\u0131ka a\u015firetine mensup olup yukar\u0131da de\u011findi\u011fimiz gibi daha sonraki y\u0131llarda (1970li y\u0131llar) kendilerini Toruno\u011fullar\u0131 olarak tan\u0131mlarlar. Faik Bey\u2019in babas\u0131 \u015eevki Bey, g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde Toruno\u011fullar\u0131 ailesinin i\u015f ya\u015fam\u0131n\u0131 s\u00fcrd\u00fcren karde\u015flerin b\u00fcy\u00fckbabalar\u0131 ve 2022 y\u0131l\u0131nda vefat eden son aile b\u00fcy\u00fc\u011f\u00fc Faik Bey\u2019in de \u00f6z babas\u0131d\u0131r:<\/p>\n

\u201cG\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde halen bu soyisim Toruno\u011fullar\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan kullan\u0131lmaya devam ediyor.<\/em><\/p>\n

Soyad\u0131 ismine sebep olan Torun \u00e7ok \u00e7al\u0131\u015fkan biridir (II. Torun, R.A.) Hayvanc\u0131l\u0131k ve tar\u0131m ile u\u011fra\u015farak k\u00f6y\u00fcn en zenginleri aras\u0131na girmi\u015ftir. Art\u0131k evlenecek ya\u015fa gelmi\u015f. 1916 y\u0131l\u0131nda K\u0131ymet Han\u0131m ile evlenir ve takvimler 1917\u2019yi g\u00f6sterdi\u011finde ilk \u00e7ocuklar\u0131 \u015eevki d\u00fcnyaya gelir<\/em>\u201d.(15)<\/strong><\/p>\n

Ailenin son b\u00fcy\u00fc\u011f\u00fc 8 \u00e7ocuk babas\u0131 Faik Bey \u00f6nceleri Kars merkezine g\u00f6\u00e7 etmi\u015f (1976), oradan Kocaeli ve daha sonralar\u0131 Mu\u011fla\u2019ya yerle\u015fmi\u015f, son y\u0131llar\u0131n\u0131 e\u015fiyle birlikte Mu\u011fla\u2019n\u0131n Fethiye il\u00e7esinde ge\u00e7irmi\u015ftir. \u00c7ocuklar\u0131n\u0131n adlar\u0131 \u015f\u00f6yle: Turgut, Ali, Erdal, Men\u015fure, Ertan, Aykut, Yavuz, Leyla.<\/p>\n

Aile, baba ve \u00e7ocuklar birlik ruhuyla hareket ederek ba\u015fta T\u00fcrkiye ve Hollanda olmak \u00fczere de\u011fi\u015fik Avrupa \u00fclkelerinde b\u00fcy\u00fck yat\u0131r\u0131mlar yapm\u0131\u015f ve \u00fcst\u00fcn ba\u015far\u0131lar sa\u011flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Turizm, otelcilik, emlak, in\u015faat ve ba\u015fka alanlar\u0131ndaki yat\u0131r\u0131mlar\u0131 di\u011fer bir ara\u015ft\u0131rma ve yaz\u0131n\u0131n konusu. Hollanda\u2019ya ilk kez giden karde\u015flerin en b\u00fcy\u00fc\u011f\u00fc Turgut Toruno\u011fullar\u0131 bir dizi ba\u015far\u0131ya \u00f6nc\u00fcl\u00fck eder. Toruno\u011fullar\u0131 bu yat\u0131r\u0131mlar yan\u0131nda, kendi k\u00f6y\u00fc, Kars ve \u00e7evresinde baz\u0131 hay\u0131r kurumlar\u0131 da a\u00e7t\u0131rm\u0131\u015flard\u0131r. Kars merkezinde a\u00e7\u0131lan \u201cFaik-Fikriye Toruno\u011fullar\u0131 Mesleki ve Teknik Anadolu Lisesi\u201d bunlardan birisidir. Ailenin son b\u00fcy\u00fc\u011f\u00fc Faik Bey Kars tarihi ve folkloruna b\u00fcy\u00fck bir ilgi duymu\u015ftur.<\/p>\n

Faik Bey \u00f6zellikle dengb\u00eajlik (hikaye anlat\u0131c\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131) gelene\u011fine b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6nem vermi\u015ftir. A\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki bir videodan al\u0131nan foto\u011frafta sa\u011f elini kula\u011f\u0131na g\u00f6t\u00fcrerek Kars y\u00f6resinin halk taraf\u0131ndan \u00e7ok sevilen K\u00fcrt\u00e7e \u015fark\u0131lar\u0131ndan birisini s\u00f6ylerken onu g\u00f6r\u00fcyoruz.<\/p>\n

\"\"
Faik Bey \u2018Tap\u00ea Qers\u00ea\u2019 (Otlak Kars D\u00fcz\u00fc) \u015fark\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6ylerken\u00a0\u00a0(Bir video \u00e7ekiminden, aile ar\u015fivi)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Kars ve aile tarihi hakk\u0131nda \u00f6zel bir ilgisinin oldu\u011funu kaleme ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 hat\u0131ra defterinden de anl\u0131yoruz. Toruno\u011fullar\u0131 ailesinin son b\u00fcy\u00fcklerinden Faik Bey 2022 y\u0131l\u0131nda vefat etmeden \u00f6nce kaleme ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 an\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n bir yerinde k\u00f6kenlerinin Ka\u011f\u0131zman y\u00f6resindeki Torun beylerine kadar uzand\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 \u015f\u00f6yle dile getirir:<\/p>\n

\n

\u201dBir zamanlar Aram\u0131 diyar\u0131n\u0131 yurt edinen Zilan a\u015firetinin bir kolundan olan me\u015fhur tuz diyar\u0131 Ka\u011f\u0131zman beylerine ba\u011fl\u0131 oldu\u011fumuzu, Torun dedemin pa\u015fa olmadan \u00f6nce beyli\u011fin ba\u015fkatipli\u011fini yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131\u2026<\/em>\u00a0\u201d(16)<\/strong><\/p>\n

Aykut Toruno\u011fullar\u0131 yazm\u0131\u015f oldu\u011fu kitapta babas\u0131 Faik Bey ve ailesinin di\u011fer \u00fcyelerinin ya\u015fam \u00f6yk\u00fclerini ayr\u0131nt\u0131l\u0131 olarak anlat\u0131r.<\/p>\n

\"\"
Faik Bey Almanya\u2019da (1970li y\u0131llar)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n
SONU\u00c7<\/h6>\n

Rusya, Osmanl\u0131 \u0130mparatorlu\u011fu ve \u0130ran\u2019\u0131n s\u0131n\u0131r y\u00f6relerinin kesi\u015fti\u011fi Serhat diyar\u0131nda bulunan Kars \u00f6zellikle 19. y\u00fczy\u0131lda \u00e7\u0131kan sava\u015flar sonucunda kendini bu sava\u015flar\u0131n ortas\u0131nda bulmu\u015f, birka\u00e7 kez Ruslar\u0131n eline ge\u00e7mi\u015ftir. Kars 1877-1918 y\u0131llar\u0131 aras\u0131nda 40 y\u0131l boyunca bir Rus egemenli\u011fi ya\u015fam\u0131\u015f, \u201cKars Oblast\u0131\u201d (Kars Vilayeti) olarak Rusya\u2019n\u0131n bir par\u00e7as\u0131 haline d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015fm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. Kars art\u0131k Osmanl\u0131 haritalar\u0131nda g\u00f6z\u00fckmez. Tor\u0131nlar (Torunlar) Ruslarla birlikte Kars ve Erivan vilayeti s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131 i\u00e7inde birlikte ya\u015famaya devam ederler. Baz\u0131 \u00f6nde gelen \u015fahsiyetleri yerel Rus y\u00f6netimlerinde \u201cglava\u201d (ba\u015fkan veya reis) olarak g\u00f6rev al\u0131rlar. Bundan yakla\u015f\u0131k olarak 150 y\u0131l \u00f6nceleri Molla Biro, o\u011flu Aslan\u2019\u0131n \u201cglava\u201d se\u00e7ilmesini onaylar, Tor\u0131nlara yak\u0131\u015f\u0131r g\u00f6rkemli bir ya\u015fam s\u00fcrer:\u00a0\u201cMolla B\u0131ro da zaman zaman kendi evinin yan\u0131nda kurulmu\u015f 16 direkten olu\u015fan k\u0131l \u00e7ad\u0131rda o\u011flu Aslan Bey ile beraber, \u00f6zellikle Cumartesi ve Pazar g\u00fcnleri k\u00f6yl\u00fcs\u00fcn\u00fcn ve halk\u0131n\u0131n derdini dinlerdi\u201d<\/em>.(17)<\/strong>\u00a0Yirminci y\u00fczy\u0131l ba\u015flar\u0131nda meydana gelen Sovyet Devrimi (1917) sonras\u0131nda Tor\u0131nlar bu kez yeni bir ya\u015fam m\u00fccadelesi umuduyla yeni saflarda g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcrler. 3 Mart 1918 tarihinde imzalanan Brest-Litovsk Antla\u015fmas\u0131 ile\u00a040 y\u0131ll\u0131k Rus<\/em>\u00a0hakimiyeti Kars\u2019ta son bulmu\u015ftur. Bu durum Toruno\u011fullar\u0131’n\u0131n sonu anlam\u0131na gelmez, do\u011frusunu s\u00f6ylemek gerekirse Toruno\u011fullar\u0131 yeni bir y\u00fczy\u0131la haz\u0131rlan\u0131r. Ailenin bundan sonra ba\u015flayan ve g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcze kadar s\u00fcren parlak \u00f6yk\u00fcs\u00fcn\u00fc de Murat Tuncel\u2019in yukar\u0131da s\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fc etti\u011fimiz roman\u0131nda buluruz.<\/p>\n

\n

Rohat Alakom-Gazete. Duvar<\/strong><\/p>\n

NOTLAR:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

(1)<\/strong>\u00a0Herekol Az\u00eezan, B\u00eariya Botan,\u00a0Hawar,<\/em>\u00a0nr 25\/1934.<\/p>\n

(2)<\/strong>\u00a0Lettres de Turquie,\u00a0Temps,<\/em>\u00a07-7-1878.<\/p>\n

(3)<\/strong>\u00a0Rohat Alakom,\u00a0Ar\u00eestokrat\u00ean Kurd: Torin,\u00a0<\/em>Apec, 2004. Rohat Alakom,\u00a0Torin: Ar\u00eestokrat\u00ean Serhed\u00ea,<\/em>\u00a0Avesta, 2009.<\/p>\n

(4)<\/strong>\u00a0Rohat Alakom,\u00a0Kars K\u00fcrtleri,<\/em>\u00a0Avesta, 2009. s.369-404.<\/p>\n

(5)<\/strong>\u00a0Rohat Alakom,\u00a0Ka\u011f\u0131zman-Kars\u2019\u0131n Tad\u0131 Tuzu,<\/em>\u00a0Ka\u011f\u0131zman Belediyesi, 2012. s.156.<\/p>\n

(6)<\/strong>\u00a0Rohat Alakom, \u015eemsedinov K\u00fcrtleri,\u00a0K\u00fcrt Tarihi,<\/em>\u00a0nr 1\/2012, s.30-35.<\/p>\n

(7)<\/strong>\u00a0F. Poxosyan, Derheqa tevgir\u00eadana kurda \u00dbris\u00eat\u00eara,\u00a0R\u00eaya Teze<\/em>, 14-9-1958. Ermenistan\u2019da K\u00fcrt\u00e7e \u00e7\u0131kan R\u00eaya Teze gazetesinde yay\u0131mlanan\u00a0K\u00fcrt-Rusya \u0130li\u015fkileri Hakk\u0131nda<\/em>\u00a0adl\u0131 bu incelemede yararl\u0131 bilgiler bulunuyor.<\/p>\n

(8)<\/strong>\u00a0Murat Tuncel,\u00a0Narinkalesi\u2019nden Ka\u00e7\u0131\u015f-Toruno\u011fullar\u0131\u2019n\u0131n Destans\u0131 \u00d6yk\u00fcs\u00fc,<\/em>\u00a0Alt\u0131n Bilek Yay\u0131nlar\u0131, Birinci Bas\u0131m 2014. \u0130kinci Bas\u0131m (2015).<\/p>\n

(9)<\/strong>\u00a0Aykut Toruno\u011fullar\u0131,\u00a0Babam\u0131n Hik\u00e2yesi-Faik Toruno\u011fullar\u0131<\/em>, Balkan Sanat ve Yay\u0131n Yap\u0131m Ticaret Limited \u015eirketi, 2022.t<\/p>\n

(10)<\/strong>\u00a0Aykut Toruno\u011fullar\u0131, s.13.<\/p>\n

(11)<\/strong>\u00a0Aykut Toruno\u011fullar\u0131, s.14.<\/p>\n

(12)<\/strong>\u00a0Murat Tuncel,\u00a0Narinkalesi\u2019nden Ka\u00e7\u0131\u015f-Toruno\u011fullar\u0131\u2019n\u0131n Destans\u0131 \u00d6yk\u00fcs\u00fc<\/em>, s.86.<\/p>\n

(13)<\/strong>\u00a0Aykut Toruno\u011fullar\u0131, s.29.<\/p>\n

(14)<\/strong>\u00a0Rohat Alakom,\u00a0Kars K\u00fcrtleri,<\/em>\u00a0s.461.<\/p>\n

(15)<\/strong>\u00a0Aykut Toruno\u011fullar\u0131, s.29.<\/p>\n

(16)<\/strong>\u00a0Faik Toruno\u011fullar\u0131,\u00a0Hat\u0131ra Defteri-Babadan O\u011fula…<\/em>\u00a0(Yavuz Toruno\u011fullar\u0131\u2019n\u0131n ar\u015fivinde).<\/p>\n

(17)<\/strong>\u00a0Aykut Toruno\u011fullar\u0131, s.16-17.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Tor\u0131nlar Osmanl\u0131, Rus ve \u0130ran s\u0131n\u0131r boylar\u0131nda varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 y\u00fczy\u0131llar boyunca s\u00fcrd\u00fcrm\u00fc\u015f olan aristokrat bir tabaka olarak tan\u0131n\u0131r. K\u00f6kleri Kars\u2019\u0131n Ka\u011f\u0131zman\u2019\u0131n il\u00e7esi Hal\u0131k\u0131\u015fla k\u00f6y\u00fcne kadar uzan\u0131r. Kars ve \u00e7evresinin \u00e7ok renkli bir tarihi bulunuyor. Son 25 y\u0131lda bu Serhat kenti \u00fczerine Sezai Yaz\u0131c\u0131, Erkan Karag\u00f6z, Vedat Ak\u00e7ay\u00f6z, Murat Tuncel, Candan Badem, \u0130smet Konak, Ludmila Denisenko ve …<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":32,"featured_media":23820,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[25],"tags":[5882,5881,1616,2557,6747],"class_list":["post-23819","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","","category-tarih","tag-ardahan","tag-kars","tag-manset","tag-qers","tag-torunogullari"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/candname.com\/tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/23819","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/candname.com\/tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/candname.com\/tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/candname.com\/tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/32"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/candname.com\/tr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=23819"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/candname.com\/tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/23819\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":23821,"href":"https:\/\/candname.com\/tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/23819\/revisions\/23821"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/candname.com\/tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/23820"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/candname.com\/tr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=23819"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/candname.com\/tr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=23819"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/candname.com\/tr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=23819"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}