{"id":23630,"date":"2024-08-15T07:12:11","date_gmt":"2024-08-15T04:12:11","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/candname.com\/tr\/?p=23630"},"modified":"2024-08-14T22:41:49","modified_gmt":"2024-08-14T19:41:49","slug":"siverek","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/candname.com\/tr\/?p=23630","title":{"rendered":"S\u0130VEREK"},"content":{"rendered":"
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Ge\u00e7en n\u00fcshadaki (Hev\u00ee) beyannamesi biz Siverekliler \u00fczerinde te\u2019sirat-\u0131 amika icra etti.<\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n
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Bizleri mukaddes vazifemizin \u0130fas\u0131na davet eden hitablar\u0131n\u0131z hen\u00fcz kulaklar\u0131m\u0131zda tanin-endaz oluyor, cihanda her \u015feyden mahr\u00fbm olan zavall\u0131 K\u00fcrdleri \u00eek\u00e2z hususunda sarf etti\u011finiz ve edece\u011finiz mesai-yi hay\u0131rhahaneniz me\u015fk\u00fbr olsun!<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
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B\u00fcy\u00fcklerimizin diri\u011f-i mu\u2019\u00e2venet ettiklerini anl\u0131yorum; fakat b\u00f6yle b\u00fcy\u00fck maksatlar u\u011frunda vakf-\u0131 hay\u00e2t edenler her t\u00fcrl\u00fc mezahimi evvelden hesaba katmal\u0131d\u0131rlar. Siz de b\u00fcy\u00fcklerimize hak\u00eekati ve maksad\u0131n\u0131z\u0131n kutsiyetini anlatarak onlar\u0131 da sizinle beraber \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131rmal\u0131s\u0131n\u0131z. Siz b\u00f6yle sebatkarane \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131rsan\u0131z b\u00fct\u00fcn K\u00fcrdleri, bil-hassa K\u00fcrd gen\u00e7lerini kendinize zahir edece\u011finize emin olunuz. Neyse, as\u0131l maksad\u0131m olan Siverek hakk\u0131ndaki ma\u2019l\u00fbmat\u0131 vermeye ba\u015flayal\u0131m:<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
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S\u0131rf bir K\u00fcrd memleketi olan Siverek sanca\u011f\u0131 Diyarbekir ile Urfa’n\u0131n tam vasat\u0131nda k\u00e2indir. Otuz bin kadar haneyi havidir ki bundan d\u00f6rt y\u00fcz\u00fc Ermen\u00ee ve yirmi kadar\u0131 da Musevi\u2019dirler. Lisan-\u0131 mahalli K\u00fcrd\u00e7edir. \u0130sl\u00e2m ahalinin ekserisi Zaza, m\u00fctebakisi Kurmancd\u0131rlar. Demircilik, yemenicilik ve nacarl\u0131k (marangozculuk) m\u00fcnhas\u0131ran Ermen\u00eelere ait ise de sair en m\u00fchim tic\u00e2retler K\u00fcrdlerin elindedir.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
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K\u00fcrdlerle Ermen\u00eeler aras\u0131nda ale\u2019l-um\u00fbm m\u00fcnasebette h\u00fcsn-\u00fc mua\u015feret ve uhuvvet kem\u00e2liyle caridir. Buraya gelen gazetelerde K\u00fcrdistan’da K\u00fcrdlerle Ermen\u00eeler aras\u0131nda mua\u015feretsizlik var diye yaz\u0131lan havadisler buralarda esefane kabilinden telakki olunuyor.<\/div>\n
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Siverek d\u00f6rt taraf\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131k, ba\u011flan, \u00fcz\u00fcm mahsul\u00e2t\u0131, t\u00fct\u00fcn\u00fc ile me\u015fhurdur. Ekser zam\u00e2n civar vilayetlerin bu\u011fday vesair zahiresini biz veriyoruz. Memleket her t\u00fcrl\u00fc terakkiyat-\u0131 medeniyyeden mahr\u00fbm oldu\u011fundan letafet-i tabiyesinden istifade edilemiyor. \u0130\u00e7ti\u011fimiz su evlerimizdeki kuyu suland\u0131r. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc maatteess\u00fcf ma-i cariden mahr\u00fbmuz. Sivere\u011fin pek kadim bir \u015fehir oldu\u011fu tam kasaban\u0131n vasat\u0131n da ve \u015fehirde h\u00e2kim bir mevkide bulunan cesim kalesiyle kalenin alt\u0131ndaki eski hamamdan anla\u015f\u0131l\u0131yor.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
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Bu kale gayet b\u00fcy\u00fck ve etraf\u0131 kald\u0131r\u0131m ta\u015flar\u0131yla muhatt\u0131r. Mukaddema bu ta\u015flar\u0131n \u00fcst\u00fcne teneke kaplanm\u0131\u015f oldu\u011funu ihtiyarlar\u0131m\u0131z rivayet ediyorlar. K\u0131rk sene kadar evvel kale etraf\u0131nda vaki olan hafriyat esnas\u0131nda m\u00fckemmel bir hamam zuhur etti ki el-an i\u015flemektedir. Bu hamam suyunun kaleden geldi\u011fi mervidir. Siverek\u2019te on kadar cami ve mescit iki kilise ve bir de Yahudi sinagogu vard\u0131r. Cami-i kebirin minaresi \u00fczerinde g\u00f6r\u00fclen istavrozdan mukaddema kilise oldu\u011fu anla\u015f\u0131l\u0131yor.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
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D\u00f6rt, be\u015f tane kadar da medresemiz vard\u0131r. Bundan maada her camide on, on be\u015f tane kadar s\u00fcbyan mektebi vard\u0131r. Fakat cami, medrese ve mekteplerimiz \u015fayan-\u0131 terahhum bir haldedir.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
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Bunlar \u015fayan-\u0131 hayret derecede vak\u0131flara maliktirler. Mezk\u00fbr mekteplerde ma\u2019l\u00fbm olan usul-\u00fc kadime \u00fczere icray\u0131 tedrisat ediliyor.<\/div>\n
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Me\u015frutiyet iptidas\u0131nda \u015fehrimiz sanca\u011fa ve mevcut olan r\u00fc\u015ftiye mektebi de be\u015f senelik idadiyaye tebdil olundu ise de matlub ve m\u00fcntazar olan intizam ve terakki me\u015fhut olmaktad\u0131r. Zikredilen s\u00fcbyan mekteblerinden ba\u015fka iptid\u00e2\u2019i denilen \u00fc\u00e7, d\u00f6rt mektepte de ayn\u0131 tarz-\u0131 sakim ve elimde evl\u00e2d-\u0131 vatana ders verilmektedir. \u015eakirdler ayn\u0131 zam\u00e2nda mektebin hademesidirler. S\u00fcp\u00fcrmek, temizlemek onlar\u0131n vaz\u00eefe-i asliyelerini te\u015fkil ediyor. Mekteb i\u00e7in testi, bardak ve levaz\u0131m-\u0131 saire k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck yavrular\u0131n ianelerine m\u00fcftekirdir. Muallimlik, mubassirlik, bevvabl\u0131k vazifesi hep y\u00fcz eli kuru\u015flu bir haceya mevdu’dur. Etraftaki k\u00f6ylerimizle, \u00c7ermik, Viran\u015fehir n\u00e2m n\u00e2m kazalar\u0131m\u0131z daha ac\u0131nacak bir haldedir. K\u00f6yl\u00fc evl\u00e2d\u0131n\u0131 \u015fehirlere g\u00f6nderip okutam\u0131yor.<\/div>\n
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Ahalinin maarife ihtiyac\u0131 nispetinde havahi\u015fi de vard\u0131r. Bir hay\u0131r-hah delalet ederse bu muhittin parlak zek\u00e2lar\u0131 ile ceh\u00e2let i\u00e7inde mahvolmaz. \u015eimdiye kadar kasabada idadi mektebi, in\u00e2s r\u00fc\u015fdiyesi, h\u00fck\u00fcmet kona\u011f\u0131 ve k\u0131\u015flalar in\u015fas\u0131 i\u00e7in ahalinin verdi\u011fi i\u2019anat ve yapt\u0131klar\u0131 hidem\u00e2t buna delildir. Yaln\u0131z noksan olan te\u015fvik ve delalettir. \u0130\u015fte (Hev\u00ee) ahalide b\u00f6yle \u015feylerin yap\u0131laca\u011f\u0131 hakk\u0131nda \u00fcmitler uyand\u0131r\u0131yor. Filvaki bu i\u015flerin hepsini \u015fimdi (Hev\u00ee) den beklemek haks\u0131zl\u0131k olur. L\u00e2kin b\u00fcy\u00fcklerimizi olsun bunlar\u0131 yapmaya sevk edebilirse en b\u00fcy\u00fck hizmeti etmi\u015f olur.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
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…….<\/div>\n
(devam\u0131 a\u015fa\u011f\u0131da)<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
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…. (devam\u0131)….<\/div>\n
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K\u00fcrdistan’daki a\u015firetlerin i\u015fgal etti\u011fi mevki m\u00fchim sebeple Siverek\u2019teki a\u015firetlerden bahsetmek herhalde mucib-i faydad\u0131r zan\u0131ndayim, muntazam bir ma\u2019l\u00fbmat verebilmek i\u00e7in bir s\u0131ra ta\u2019k\u00eebi daha m\u00fcnasiptir. Binaenaleyh bendeniz burada s\u0131ras\u0131yla [Terkan, Karage\u00e7ili, Mili, \u0130zol, Kijan, \u015eeyhan] a\u015firetlerine dair izahat verece\u011fim. Terkan: \u00c7iyaye Re\u015f (Karacada\u011f) da ikamet etmekte olan bu a\u015firet be\u015fy\u00fcz haneden ibaret olup bervech-i ati karyeleri i\u015fgal etmektedirler.<\/div>\n
1-Qure Bax [Qere Bex\u00e7e] karyesidir. Bu kelime s\u0131rf bir K\u00fcrd\u00e7e isimdir. (Qure) kaba – tabir-i mahallice – kal\u0131n kaburgal\u0131 demektir (Bax kelimesi ise K\u00fcrd\u00e7e bir kelimedir ki* vaktiyle bu karyenin ba\u011f ve bah\u00e7elerinin derece-i nihayede mahsuldar ve \u00e7ok olmas\u0131ndan m\u00fcnbais bir isimdir, o ba\u011flar \u015fimdi baki de\u011fil ise de enkazlar\u0131 mevcuttur. Bu karye seksen kadar haneyi havidir ki burada ba\u015fl\u0131ca [Emeragan, Qilnefeliyan] “Az\u0131 di\u015fleri b\u00fcy\u00fck demektir.”, Omerekan, Qotoyan “K\u0131sa boylu demektir.” N\u00e2m aileler taraf\u0131ndan i\u015fgal edilmektedir.<\/div>\n
2-Qaynak (Xan, Qonak) bu karye otuz sene kadar evvel Diyarbekir’e giden yol \u00fczerinde Siverekliler taraf\u0131ndan in\u015fa edilen bir han\u0131n b\u00fcy\u00fcmesiyle meydana gelmi\u015ftir. Gelip ge\u00e7en yolculara erzak yiyecek verir. Bunun ahalisi bir saat kadar \u00f6tedeki “Gulance” N\u00e2m K\u00f6y\u00fc terk ederek bu k\u00f6ye ta\u015f\u0131nm\u0131\u015flard\u0131r. “Gulan” may\u0131s ay\u0131 demektir. Bu karyenin suyu iyi ve \u00e7ok oldu\u011fundan, may\u0131s ay\u0131nda d\u0131lf\u0131rib bir manzara halini kesb eder; k\u0131\u015f bile bu manzaras\u0131n\u0131 pek az kaybetti\u011finde bu n\u00e2m ile tesmiyeye seza g\u00f6r\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. Bu suretle v\u00fccut bulan Qaynak elli kadar haneyi havi, havas\u0131 \u0131s\u0131tmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/div>\n
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3-Emen\u00ee (Emena) bu k\u00f6y (\u00c7iyaye Re\u015f) \u0131n \u015fark cihetine m\u00fcsadif olup ortas\u0131ndan ge\u00e7en bir \u0131rmak buray\u0131 ihya etmekte olup yetmi\u015f kadar haneyi havidir. (Emen\u00ee) bizimkiler demektir.<\/div>\n
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4-Ermen\u00ee (Ermel\u00fb) isminden sab\u0131kan Ermenilerle mesk\u00fbn oldu\u011fu zan olunuyor. Bundan \u00fc\u00e7 sene mukaddem bir k\u00f6yl\u00fc kendisi i\u00e7in bir ev yapmakla u\u011fra\u015f\u0131rken gayet g\u00fczel ve reng\u00e2renk ta\u015flarla menku\u015f olduk\u00e7a b\u00fcy\u00fck eski bir bina zuhur etmi\u015ftir. Bu evin kap\u0131s\u0131 iki kanatl\u0131 ve ta\u015ftan mamul olup “mil” \u00fczerinde hareket eder. Bir k\u00f6\u015fesinde de iki bu\u00e7uk metre uzunlu\u011funda eski bir mezar \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Buray\u0131 ziyaret a\u00e7izilerine nasip oldu. Duvar\u0131n \u00fczerinde bir tak\u0131m yaz\u0131lar vard\u0131r ki bildi\u011fim harflerden hi\u00e7birisine benzetemedim bu karyede k\u0131rk kadar hane oturmaktad\u0131r. 5-Kem\u015fo (Qem\u00ee\u015fl\u00ee) ; manas\u0131 eksik \u00e7ama\u015f\u0131r y\u0131kayanlar demektir. Bu karyede otuz kadar hane vard\u0131r. Yukardan beri sayd\u0131\u011f\u0131m k\u00f6yler – ki ba\u015fl\u0131ca a\u015firet k\u00f6yleridir – um\u00fbmiyetle bir iki a\u011fa m\u00fcstesna tutuldu\u011fu halde – K\u00fcrd\u00e7eden maada hi\u00e7bir lisan bilmezler. Takdim etti\u011fim foto\u011fraftaki Muhammed A\u011fa Terkan a\u015firetinin en b\u00fcy\u00fck a\u011fas\u0131d\u0131r.<\/div>\n
** Yukar\u0131da yazd\u0131klar\u0131mdan anla\u015f\u0131l\u0131r ki k\u00f6ylerin ekserisinin ismi ya b\u00fcsb\u00fct\u00fcn yahut k\u0131smen de\u011fi\u015fmi\u015ftir. Bunlar\u0131 da K\u00fcrd\u00e7e bilmeyen memurin kendilerine suhulet olmak \u00fczere birer suretle kalb ve tahvil etmi\u015f olsalar gerektir. Her zam\u00e2n h\u00fck\u00fcmetle al\u00e2k\u00e2d\u00e2r olan k\u00f6yl\u00fcde h\u00fck\u00fcmetin verdi\u011fi bu isimleri istimale mecbur olarak bit-tabi m\u00fcrur-u zam\u00e2nla asl\u0131n\u0131 unutmu\u015flard\u0131r. Bu defal\u0131k bu kadar yaz\u0131yorum; makbule ge\u00e7erse b\u00fct\u00fcn a\u015firetlerin ahval ve \u00e2d\u00e2t\u0131ndan bahsederim. T\u00earkan A\u015fireti Mens\u00fbbininden C\u0131ndo * Mamafih T\u00fcrkler ve Acemler bu kelimeyi ahz etmi\u015flerdir. **<\/div>\n
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Fotograf: Siverek’de K\u00fcrd a\u015fairinden me\u015fhur T\u00earkan a\u015fireti reisi Muhammed A\u011fa Hazretleri ve maiyeti (Ji e\u015fa\u00eera giran\u00ea Kurdan h\u00eala S\u00eawreg\u00ea xudan nav \u00fb deng a\u011fa\u00ea e\u015f\u00eer\u00ea T\u00earkan Muhammed A\u011fa \u00fb bin dest\u00ea w\u00ee)<\/div>\n
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Kaynak: T\u00earkan A\u015fireti Mensubinden Cindo; \u201cKurdistan Mektuplar\u0131-Siverek\u201d, Hetaw\u00ee Kurd, Say\u0131: 10, \u0130stanbul 1914, s.4-5’den aktaran (transkripsiyon): Ahmet Alan, Hetawi Kurd (1913-1914), Mardin Artuklu \u00dcniversitesi, Sosyal Bilimler Enstit\u00fcs\u00fc, Tarih Anabilim Dal\u0131, Y\u00fcksek Lisans Tezi, Mardin 2015, ss. 239-242 & Ahmet Alan, Hetawi Kurd (1913-1914), Avesta Yay\u0131nlar\u0131, 2017.<\/div>\n
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Not: Mektubun yazar\u0131, yaz\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n devam\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6nderece\u011fini belirtmi\u015fse de, bu derginin eldeki son say\u0131s\u0131 oldu\u011fundan; derginin 10.say\u0131dan sonra \u00e7\u0131k\u0131p \u00e7\u0131kmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 belli de\u011fildir. Derginin \u00f6nceki birka\u00e7 say\u0131s\u0131na da hen\u00fcz ula\u015f\u0131lamam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/div>\n
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(Bu yaz\u0131 Say\u0131n Bilal Zilan\u0131n facebook sayfas\u0131nndan al\u0131nt\u0131d\u0131r.)<\/strong><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Ge\u00e7en n\u00fcshadaki (Hev\u00ee) beyannamesi biz Siverekliler \u00fczerinde te\u2019sirat-\u0131 amika icra etti. Bizleri mukaddes vazifemizin \u0130fas\u0131na davet eden hitablar\u0131n\u0131z hen\u00fcz kulaklar\u0131m\u0131zda tanin-endaz oluyor, cihanda her \u015feyden mahr\u00fbm olan zavall\u0131 K\u00fcrdleri \u00eek\u00e2z hususunda sarf etti\u011finiz ve edece\u011finiz mesai-yi hay\u0131rhahaneniz me\u015fk\u00fbr olsun! B\u00fcy\u00fcklerimizin diri\u011f-i mu\u2019\u00e2venet ettiklerini anl\u0131yorum; fakat b\u00f6yle b\u00fcy\u00fck maksatlar u\u011frunda vakf-\u0131 hay\u00e2t edenler her t\u00fcrl\u00fc mezahimi …<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":32,"featured_media":23634,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[65],"tags":[849,5609,1616,2487,140,559,2488],"class_list":["post-23630","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","","category-forum","tag-dimili","tag-kurmanc","tag-manset","tag-siverek","tag-zaza","tag-zazaca","tag-zazalar"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/candname.com\/tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/23630","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/candname.com\/tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/candname.com\/tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/candname.com\/tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/32"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/candname.com\/tr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=23630"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/candname.com\/tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/23630\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":23635,"href":"https:\/\/candname.com\/tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/23630\/revisions\/23635"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/candname.com\/tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/23634"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/candname.com\/tr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=23630"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/candname.com\/tr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=23630"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/candname.com\/tr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=23630"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}