![\"\"](\"https:\/\/candname.com\/tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/indir.jpeg\")
<\/p>\n\u0130ngiltere ve Rusya aras\u0131ndaki rekabet, Osmanl\u0131-\u0130ran \u00fczerinden K\u00fcrdistan\u2019da kendisini g\u00f6sterirken, Berlin Antla\u015fmas\u0131 ile Ermenilerin stat\u00fcs\u00fc, K\u00fcrtlerin \u00fczerinde de etkisini g\u00f6stermeye ba\u015flad\u0131.<\/p>\n
Balkanlar\u0131n yeniden yap\u0131lanmas\u0131, Rusya\u2019n\u0131n ekonomik g\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fcn zay\u0131f olmas\u0131yla, belirli bir toprak par\u00e7as\u0131 \u00fczerinden n\u00fcfuz art\u0131rmaya y\u00f6nelik i\u015fgal politikas\u0131, \u00f6zellikle s\u0131cak denizlere inebilmek i\u00e7in \u2018Ermeni milliyet\u00e7ili\u011fi\u2019 duygusu \u00f6nemli bir tercihti.<\/p>\n
Rusya\u2019n\u0131n, Osmanl\u0131-K\u00fcrdistan topraklar\u0131na olan ilgisinin alt\u0131nda Ermeni sorunu yer al\u0131yordu.<\/p>\n
Berlin Antla\u015fmas\u0131, Ermenilerin oturdu\u011fu vilayetlerdeki yap\u0131lanmas\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6ng\u00f6ren reformlard\u0131.<\/p>\n
Bu durum, K\u00fcrtlerin topraklar\u0131n\u0131n par\u00e7alanmas\u0131 ile birlikte sava\u015flar\u0131n bir par\u00e7as\u0131 haline getirilmesi meselesi K\u00fcrtleri hep rahats\u0131z etmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n
Ayetafanos ve Berlin Antla\u015fmalar\u0131 sonras\u0131nda Samih Pa\u015fa\u2019n\u0131n raporlar\u0131n\u0131n i\u00e7eri\u011fi, K\u00fcrtlerin bir\u00e7ok defa dile getirdi\u011fi K\u00fcrdistan topraklar\u0131 \u00fczerinden bir Ermeni devletinin te\u015fekk\u00fcl\u00fcne dair muhalefetinin bir tekrar\u0131n\u0131 i\u00e7eriyor.<\/p>\n
1876 y\u0131ll\u0131nda Kanuni Esasi\/Osmanl\u0131 Anayasas\u0131\u2019n\u0131n yaz\u0131lmas\u0131nda Ermenilerin etkisi \u00f6nemli bir yere sahiptir.<\/p>\n
Kerkor Odyan\u2019da anayasan\u0131n yaz\u0131lmas\u0131na i\u015ftirak etmi\u015ftir. Ermeniler ellerinde bulundurduklar\u0131 bu imtiyaz\u0131, K\u00fcrdistan\u2019daki ticari burjuvas\u0131na bor\u00e7ludur.<\/p>\n
Ermeni ulusal hareketinin y\u00fckseli\u015fini simgeleyen ve buna uluslararas\u0131 bir nitelik kazand\u0131ran Berlin Kongresidir (1878).<\/p>\n
Osmanl\u0131-\u0130ran aras\u0131nda K\u00fcrdistan\u2019\u0131n Kotur ve di\u011fer s\u0131n\u0131r b\u00f6lgeleri payla\u015f\u0131m\u0131 yakla\u015f\u0131k k\u0131rk y\u0131l s\u00fcrd\u00fc.<\/p>\n
1877-1878\u2019de Osmanl\u0131-Rus sava\u015f\u0131nda Osmanl\u0131 a\u011f\u0131r bir yenilgi alm\u0131\u015f, Osmanl\u0131-Rusya aras\u0131nda 3 Mart 1878 y\u0131l\u0131nda Ayestefones Anla\u015fmas\u0131 imzalanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131.<\/p>\n
Bu antla\u015fma ile Karada\u011f, S\u0131rbistan ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ilan etti. Bulgaristan, Bosna ve Hersek, Berlin Antla\u015fmalar\u0131 ile ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131k s\u00fcre\u00e7lerini tamamlad\u0131.<\/p>\n
Rusya\u2019n\u0131n Osmanl\u0131 Devleti\u2019nden kopard\u0131\u011f\u0131 b\u00f6lgeler ard\u0131 ard\u0131na geldi. Ayestefones Anla\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131n 18’nci maddesi K\u00fcrdistan b\u00f6lgesini ilgilendiriyordu.<\/p>\n
Osmanl\u0131 Devleti, \u0130ngiltere ve Rusya\u2019n\u0131n komisyon \u00fcyelerinin K\u00fcrdistan b\u00f6lgesinin idari yap\u0131s\u0131 ile ilgili ifadelerini ciddi bir \u015fekilde dikkate alaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ve \u0130ran s\u0131n\u0131r\u0131n\u0131n kesin tespitini yapt\u0131rmay\u0131 kabul etti\u011fini beyan etmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n
K\u00fcrtler, Osmanl\u0131 Devleti\u2019nin bu konudaki zay\u0131fl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 biliyordu. Berlin Anla\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131 izleyen y\u0131llardan 1880\u2019e ula\u015f\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda Osmanl\u0131 yeni bir \u00e7ehreye sahipti.<\/p>\n
\u0130\u00e7 politikan\u0131n me\u015fruiyeti yeniden tart\u0131\u015fmaya a\u00e7\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. \u015eeyh Ubeydullah\u2019\u0131n Kanuni Esas\u0131 hakk\u0131ndaki tutumu, a\u00e7\u0131klay\u0131c\u0131 bir \u00f6rnek olarak K\u00fcrdistan\u2019a nas\u0131l yans\u0131yaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 belirtmektedir.<\/p>\n
Mithat Pa\u015fa\u2019n\u0131n kalem ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 Anayasa tasar\u0131s\u0131n\u0131, Sultan Abdulhamid kendi otoritesi do\u011frultusunda dana \u00f6nce yeniden d\u00fczenlemi\u015fti.<\/p>\n
Mithat Pa\u015fa\u2019n\u0131n s\u00fcrg\u00fcne g\u00f6nderilmesi ile Rus ordular\u0131n\u0131n Trakya\u2019dan K\u00fcrdistan s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131na kadar karargah kurmas\u0131, parlamentonun feshedilmesi silsilesi e\u015f zamanl\u0131 uyguland\u0131.<\/p>\n
\u0130ngilizler, Mithat Pa\u015fa ile yak\u0131n temas halindeyken yap\u0131lan bask\u0131lar sonucu \u015eam\u2019a vali olarak atansa da, 1881 senesinde Abd\u00fclaziz\u2019i \u00f6ld\u00fcrmek su\u00e7lamas\u0131ndan Taif\u2019e s\u00fcrg\u00fcne g\u00f6nderilmi\u015fti.<\/p>\n
Abd\u00fclhamid, d\u0131\u015f politikas\u0131n\u0131 Tanzimat Devleti \u00fczerine kurulmas\u0131n\u0131 yeniden tart\u0131\u015fmal\u0131 hale getirdi.<\/p>\n
Osmanl\u0131\u2019n\u0131n ba\u015f d\u00fc\u015fman olarak g\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc Rusya\u2019ya kar\u015f\u0131 koyabilmek i\u00e7in, Fransa ve \u0130ngiltere\u2019ye dayanmaktan ba\u015fka se\u00e7ene\u011fi yoktu.<\/p>\n
Ne var ki, Berlin Anla\u015fmas\u0131 ile bunun bedeli a\u011f\u0131r bir \u015fekilde \u00f6dendi.<\/p>\n
Abd\u00fclhamid, 1878-1879 y\u0131llar\u0131yla birlikte Osmanl\u0131 Devleti\u2019nin b\u00fct\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc korumaya y\u00f6nelik gelenek haline getirdi\u011fi siyasetini terk etmek istedi\u011finden ku\u015fkulanmaya ba\u015flar ve \u0130ngiltere\u2019nin K\u00fcrdistan\u2019da Ermenilerin ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 yerlerde vadedilen reformlara giri\u015filmesi i\u00e7in, \u0130ngiltere h\u00fck\u00fcmetinin Abd\u00fclhamid \u00fczerindeki bask\u0131lar\u0131 bu ku\u015fkuyu besler niteliktedir.<\/p>\n
\u0130ngiliz h\u00fck\u00fcmetinin ba\u015f\u0131na Gladstone’n\u0131n geli\u015fiyle, bu ku\u015fkular daha da yo\u011funla\u015f\u0131r.<\/p>\n
\u0130ngiliz diplomasisi ba\u015ftan a\u015fa\u011f\u0131 \u00e7ark eder. \u0130ngiltere i\u00e7in en \u00f6nemli koz Hindistan yolunun Rusya\u2019ya kapamakt\u0131r. Bu konuda Osmanl\u0131 \u0130mparatorlu\u011funa g\u00fcvenemez.<\/p>\n
B\u00f6ylece Do\u011fu Akdeniz\u2019den K\u0131br\u0131s\u2019la S\u00fcvey\u015f Kanal\u0131 k\u0131y\u0131lar\u0131na sa\u011flam bi\u00e7imde yerle\u015fmek ve Osmanl\u0131 unsurlar\u0131 i\u00e7inde T\u00fcrklerin d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda kalan Ermenilere, sonra Araplara daha sonra Bulgarlara s\u0131rt\u0131n\u0131 dayamas\u0131 gerekmektedir.<\/p>\n
\u0130ngiltere\u2019nin amac\u0131, Kafkaslardan gelen Rus yay\u0131l\u0131\u015f\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda kendi denetimi alt\u0131nda \u2018ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z bir Ermenistan\u2019 unsuru \u0130ngilizler i\u00e7in en do\u011fru se\u00e7enek olarak geli\u015fir.<\/p>\n
Bilindi\u011fi gibi Rusya\u2019n\u0131n sermayesi yok, fakat insan g\u00fcc\u00fc vard\u0131. Bu y\u00fczden daima, belirli bir toprak par\u00e7as\u0131n\u0131 n\u00fcfus alan\u0131na dahil etmekten \u00e7ok, do\u011frudan i\u015fgal etme yolunu se\u00e7iyordu.<\/p>\n
\u00dcstelik s\u0131cak b\u00f6lgelere inebilmek i\u00e7in K\u00fcrdistan\u2019a g\u00f6z dikti\u011finden, bu topraklarda ya\u015fayan Ermenilerin milliyet\u00e7ilik duygusuna y\u00f6nelik politikalar geli\u015ftirdi.<\/p>\n
Bu y\u00fczden Rusya\u2019n\u0131n Osmanl\u0131 topraklar\u0131na (K\u00fcrdistan b\u00f6lgesi i\u00e7in) g\u00f6sterdi\u011fi ilginin odak merkezinde Ermeniler vard\u0131.<\/p>\n
Berlin Antla\u015fmas\u0131’ndan 1918\u2019e kadar s\u00fcren uygulamalarda \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lacak olan derslerden biri, sadece topluluk baz\u0131nda haklarla yap\u0131lan d\u00fczenlemelerin, toplumda genel e\u015fitli\u011fi sa\u011flamak konusunda yetersiz kald\u0131\u011f\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n
\u00d6nemli husus \u015fudur ki, K\u00fcrtler, kendi topraklar\u0131 \u00fczerinde geli\u015ftirilen m\u00fccadele ve hak talebinde bulunan kimselerin \u00e7o\u011funlu\u011funun sorunu t\u0131pk\u0131 tarihteki gibi bir e\u015fitlik sorunu olmaktan ziyade kendileriyle, kendilerini uzun s\u00fcredir ezdiklerini d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnd\u00fckleri \u00e7o\u011funlu\u011fun temsilcileri aras\u0131ndaki bir m\u00fccadele olarak g\u00f6rmelerinin gereklili\u011fidir.<\/p>\n
Bu alanda geli\u015ftirilen s\u00f6ylem, Bulgar-T\u00fcrk Devleti talebiyle ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan Bulgar milliyet\u00e7i entelekt\u00fcellerinkinden pek de farkl\u0131 olmamas\u0131 ger\u00e7ekten d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnd\u00fcr\u00fcc\u00fcd\u00fcr.<\/p>\n
\u0130ngiltere ve Rusya\u2019n\u0131n deste\u011fini alan Ermeni milliyet\u00e7ili\u011fi ve geli\u015fimi i\u015fte bu s\u00fcrecin \u00f6nemli bir unsurudur.<\/p>\n
Sa\u00eed\u00ea Kurd\u00ee ve K\u00fcrt \u00e2lim ve entelekt\u00fcellerinin me\u015frutiyet s\u00fcrecinde K\u00fcrdistan\u2019daki Ermeniler ile olan ili\u015fkilere \u00f6nemle dikkat \u00e7ekmesinin arkas\u0131ndaki neden, sadece salt dini bir kelami sorun de\u011fil, asl olan K\u00fcrtlerin co\u011frafyas\u0131nda uzun y\u0131llara yay\u0131lan K\u00fcrdistan\u2019da bir Ermenistan kurulmas\u0131 politikas\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n
\u00d6zellikle Van ve Kotur sorunu bu meselenin en \u00f6nemli unsudur (bu konuyu \u015eeyh Ubeydullah kitab\u0131m\u0131zda detayl\u0131 okuyacaks\u0131n\u0131z).<\/p>\n
Said\u00ea Kurd\u00ee\u2019nin, Seyyid Abdulkadir ve \u0130smail Hakk\u0131 Babanzade’nin ifadelerinde oldu\u011fu gibi, g\u00fcndeme gelen yaz\u0131\u015fmalar ve raporlarda, K\u00fcrtlerin kendilerinin de bask\u0131 g\u00f6rd\u00fckleri d\u00f6nemde, Osmanl\u0131\u2019ya kar\u015f\u0131 Ermeni halk\u0131n\u0131 koruduklar\u0131 ve devlet politikas\u0131n\u0131n bir arac\u0131 haline getirilmek istendi\u011finde kar\u015f\u0131 koyduklar\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fclmektedir.<\/p>\n
Hasan Y\u0131ld\u0131z\u2019\u0131n dikkat \u00e7ekti\u011fi noktay\u0131 onun kitab\u0131na at\u0131f yaparak, \u2018Ba\u011fla\u015f\u0131k g\u00fc\u00e7lerin K\u00fcrt kar\u015f\u0131t\u0131 politikalar\u0131, bazen a\u00e7\u0131k bazen kapal\u0131 devam ederken, bar\u0131\u015f g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fmelerinde K\u00fcrt temsilcisi olan \u015eerif Pa\u015fa\u2019n\u0131n Ermenilerle ayn\u0131 masaya oturmas\u0131 bir k\u0131s\u0131m K\u00fcrtleri g\u00fcvensizli\u011fe iter\u2019.<\/p>\n
Her ne kadar konferans boyunca bu iki ulusun temsilcileri emperyalist oyunlar sonucu birlik olmaktan \u00e7ok kar\u015f\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131ya gelmi\u015flerse de, o g\u00fcn\u00fcn psikolojik ortam\u0131nda s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclen propagandalar alt\u0131nda, olgular tam tersi bir g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcm alm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n
Sultan Abd\u00fclhamid\u2019in ustaca politikalar\u0131 ile kurulan Hamidiye Alaylar\u0131n\u0131n i\u00e7 g\u00fcvenlik unsuru olarak ba\u015fta Ermeni ve di\u011fer H\u0131ristiyan unsurlar\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131ya getirmesi sonucu, K\u00fcrtlerin toplumunda devletin korunmas\u0131 kayg\u0131s\u0131ndan \u00e7ok, H\u0131ristiyan-M\u00fcsl\u00fcman \u00e7eli\u015fkisi olarak kendisini g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc bir \u015fekilde g\u00f6stermi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n
K\u00fcrt ayd\u0131nlar\u0131, Hamidiye Alaylar\u0131n\u0131n bir k\u0131s\u0131m Ermenilere kar\u015f\u0131 olan olumsuz davran\u0131\u015flar\u0131, Osmanl\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan a\u015firetlere m\u00fcdahale edilmemesi ve su\u00e7lular\u0131n yarg\u0131lanmamas\u0131 gibi politik tav\u0131rlar\u0131n gayesinin, Avrupa ve di\u011fer g\u00fc\u00e7lerin sorunun merkezini K\u00fcrtlere nispet edilmesini istediklerini fark ettiler.<\/p>\n
Bu noktada Sa\u00eed\u00ea Kurd\u00ee\u2019nin, Hamidiye Alaylar\u0131n\u0131n yasalla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 talebi ile K\u00fcrtler \u00fczerinde uygulanmak istenen bu ke\u015fmeke\u015flik politikalar\u0131n\u0131 bo\u015fa \u00e7\u0131karmay\u0131 ama\u00e7lamaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n
\u0130smail Hakk\u0131 Babanzade\u2019nin vurgulad\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve \u00fczerinde d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclmesi gereken \u00f6nemli bir noktada, Osmanl\u0131’n\u0131n, alaylar\u0131n i\u015fledikleri su\u00e7lara kar\u015f\u0131 hi\u00e7bir yasal i\u015flem yapmamas\u0131d\u0131r:<\/p>\n
\u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc eski h\u00fck\u00fcmet \u00e7e\u015fitli zul\u00fcm ve bask\u0131lar yapar, \u00fclkeyi y\u0131k\u0131nt\u0131ya ve bay\u0131nd\u0131r yerleri yabana \u00e7evirirdi, ya\u011fmac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 te\u015fvik eder ve \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fclmeyi k\u0131\u015fk\u0131rt\u0131rd\u0131.<\/p>\n
Sonra da i\u015fin i\u00e7inden s\u00f6zde temiz ve erdemli bir bi\u00e7imde s\u0131yr\u0131larak isteyerek, b\u00fct\u00fcn cinayetleri ‘K\u00fcrdlerin vah\u015fetine, K\u00fcrdlerin ba\u011fnazl\u0131\u011f\u0131na, K\u00fcrdlerin kana susam\u0131\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131na, K\u00fcrdlerin k\u00f6t\u00fc huylar\u0131na’ y\u00fcklerdi.<\/p>\n
D\u00fcnya bas\u0131n\u0131 ise, h\u00fck\u00fcmet ile milleti e\u015fk\u0131ya \u00e7etesi ‘me\u015frutiyet \u00f6ncesi h\u00fck\u00fcmetin emrindeki y\u00f6netici kadro’ ile soyulup so\u011fana \u00e7evrilen zavall\u0131 mazlumlar\u0131 kar\u0131\u015ft\u0131rarak, Osmanl\u0131 H\u00fck\u00fcmetinden s\u00f6z ederken, T\u00fcrkler, K\u00fcrdistan ilinden s\u00f6z ederken K\u00fcrdler diyerek, feryat ve \u015fik\u00e2yetleri ayyuka \u00e7\u0131kard\u0131 ve milletin su\u00e7suz g\u00fcnahs\u0131z fertlerini iftiralar tufan\u0131 alt\u0131nda bo\u011fard\u0131.<\/p>\n
H\u00fck\u00fcmet ise susard\u0131, susmak i\u015fine gelirdi. Susan \u00e7oban\u0131 kurt olan bir s\u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcn i\u015finin sonu, zaten ba\u015fka ne olabilir!<\/p>\n
K\u00fcrdler \u00fczerine at\u0131lan a\u011f\u0131r iftiralardan biri, Ermenilere s\u00f6zde eskiden beri d\u00fc\u015fmanl\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131n bulunmas\u0131 ve s\u00f6zde \u00f6teden beri Ermenilerin can d\u00fc\u015fman\u0131 olmalar\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n
Sadece bir k\u0131s\u0131m a\u015firetler b\u00f6lgelerindeki H\u0131ristiyan halk \u00fczerinde yapt\u0131r\u0131m uygulanmas\u0131na izin verilmi\u015f bu t\u00fcr uygulamalara ses \u00e7\u0131kart\u0131lmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n
B\u00f6ylece H\u0131ristiyan halk\u0131n tepkileri devlete de\u011fil birinci planda K\u00fcrt beyliklerine kar\u015f\u0131 \u00e7ekilmi\u015f oluyordu.<\/p>\n
Bu olumsuzluk Abd\u00fclhamid d\u00f6neminde a\u00e7\u0131k bi\u00e7imde g\u00f6r\u00fclmektedir. K\u00fcrt beyliklerinin bu zay\u0131f g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcleriyle bile devam etmesine olanak verilmemi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n
Sa\u00eed\u00ea Kurd\u00ee de \u0130smail Hakk\u0131 Babanzade \u00f6rne\u011finde oldu\u011fu gibi K\u00fcrt Ulema ve Beyleri ile birlikte kaleme ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 telgraf, ayn\u0131 \u015fekilde bu soruna dikkat \u00e7ekmektedir.<\/p>\n
K\u00fcrtlerin i\u00e7inde bulundu\u011fu bu zay\u0131f halka olan Ermeniler \u00fczerinden K\u00fcrtleri bir b\u00fct\u00fcn olarak insan d\u0131\u015f\u0131 olmak ile su\u00e7lamak en ekonomik yol olarak benimsenmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n
Sa\u00eed\u00ea Kurd\u00ee ve Uleman\u0131n bu telgraf\u0131 tam bu noktaya dikkat \u00e7ekmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n
Dahiliye Nezaret-i Cel\u00eelesi\u2019ne<\/p>\n
M\u00fcsellemdir ki \u015fu havaliye sel\u00e2met ve saadeti K\u00fcrd ve Ermenilerin yek-di\u011ferine ciddi \u00fclfet ve dost olmalar\u0131na m\u00fctevakk\u0131fd\u0131r.<\/p>\n
Hal b\u00f6yle iken biz K\u00fcrdler h\u00fck\u00fcmet-i me\u015fru\u2018am\u0131za kemal-i itimad vechiyle s\u00fck\u00fbn-\u0131 m\u00fctevekkil\u00e2nemizden kom\u015fumuz bulunan Ermeniler istifade ederek her vesait ile ba-husus m\u00fcbalaac\u0131 ceridilerle habbeyi kubbe yaparak K\u00fcrdlerin itimad\u0131na dokunduran bir\u00e7ok yalan \u015fik\u00e2yetleriyle ma\u2018a\u2019t-teess\u00fcf o rab\u0131ta-i \u00fclfet m\u00fcnasebeti tahdi\u015f ediyorlar.<\/p>\n
Bu sene zarf\u0131nda \u015fikayetlerin yekunu nazara al\u0131nsa ve ilerde arz edece\u011fimiz hakikat-i hal ile m\u00fcvazene edilse ifrat belki de iftiralar tezah\u00fcr eder.<\/p>\n
\u0130\u015fte b\u00f6yle de \u015fu vilayette onlara nisbet olan K\u00fcrdler yirmiden fazla maktul var ve K\u00fcrdlere nisbet olan onlardan on alt\u0131 maktul kadard\u0131r.<\/p>\n
Bunlarda beraber bu cinayetlerde K\u00fcrtler hakk\u0131yla mesul yaln\u0131z d\u00f6rt be\u015f adamd\u0131r. Zira hareketleri katiyyen ve asla K\u00fcrdlerin r\u0131zas\u0131yla de\u011fildir. Belki \u015fahs\u00ee keyiflerledir.<\/p>\n
Ermeni komitesi ise fikr-i k\u00fclliyetle hareket ettiklerinden cinayet bir \u015fah\u0131sta kalmayaca\u011f\u0131 malumdur. Zira bir cemiyet bir \u015fahs\u0131 \u00f6ld\u00fcrse yahut r\u0131zalar\u0131yla \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fclmesine umumen mesul olur.<\/p>\n
-K\u00fcrdler Ermenilerle- Biz katiyen onlara k\u0131yas olunamay\u0131z. \u0130ki \u00fc\u00e7 \u015fahs\u0131n kabahatiyle mesul de\u011filiz. Bahardan beri bir\u00e7ok evahim, g\u00fcft u g\u00fb ve korku meydana \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131ld\u0131. Bunlar\u0131n men\u015fei K\u00fcrdlerin eskiden mevcut bir iki \u015fakileri de\u011fildir.<\/p>\n
Belki eskiden K\u00fcrdleri \u00fcrk\u00fcten ve bir k\u0131sm\u0131 hari\u00e7ten gelen Ermeni m\u00fcltecilerinin yine filiyata ba\u015flamalar\u0131 ve bazen m\u00fcsellahan gezmeleridir. Hem de hakiki me\u015frutiyet-perver kabine-i \u00e2dilemizin muvaffakiy\u00e2t\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131 m\u00fc\u015fkilat ika\u0131ndan baz\u0131 parmaklard\u0131r.<\/p>\n
\u015eunu da arz ederiz ki iki \u00fc\u00e7 sene idi h\u00fck\u00fcmet Ermenilerin ifrat\u0131na ve yalanlar\u0131na fazla ehemmiyet vererek bir\u00e7ok noktalarda K\u00fcrd anas\u0131r\u0131n\u0131 h\u00fck\u00fcmetten so\u011futtu ve b\u00ee-g\u00fcnahl\u0131k hissi verdi. Hem de bir iki \u015fahs \u015fakinin takibi i\u00e7in bir\u00e7ok masumlar \u0131zrar olundu. Acaba birka\u00e7 m\u00fcsellah e\u015fk\u0131ya bir b\u00ee-\u00e7\u00e2renin h\u00e2nesine gelse nas\u0131l m\u00fcdafaa edebilir ve h\u00fck\u00fcmet o b\u00ee\u00e7\u00e2reyi ne kanuna mesul tutabilsin. O l b\u00e2bda.<\/p>\n
Enc\u00fcmen-i \u0130lmiye N\u00e2m\u0131na: Mahmud, Mecid, Muhammed, Abdulcelil, Ulem\u00e2dan Bedi\u00fczzaman Said\u00ea Kurd\u00ee, E\u015frafdan Edhem, E\u015frafdan S\u00fcleyman, Arif H\u00fcseyin, E\u015frafdan Derbaz, E\u015frafdan \u00d6mer, E\u015frafdan Hur\u015fid, E\u015frafdan Salih, Handandan Alaaddin, E\u015frafdan Ata, E\u015frafdan Hasan, E\u015frafdan C\u00fcndi, E\u015frafdan Hac\u0131 Muhammed, E\u015frafdan Osman, E\u015frafdan Bahri, E\u015frafdan Mustafa, Dervi\u015f, \u0130lyas, Kamil<\/p>\n
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![\"\"](\"https:\/\/candname.com\/tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/indir-1.jpeg\")
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4 Ekim 1912. (BOA. A.VRK. 759\/84, DH. SYS. 71.1.3-4)\u00a01<\/sup><\/p>\n Sad\u00ea Kurd\u00ee, bir\u00e7ok eserinde Ermeniler ile K\u00fcrtlerin dini, siyasi, hukuki, ekonomik ili\u015fkilerine dikkat \u00e7ekmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n Bu konunun b\u00f6lgesel g\u00fc\u00e7ler taraf\u0131ndan K\u00fcrtlere kar\u015f\u0131 uzun y\u0131llar bir arg\u00fcman olarak ileri s\u00fcr\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc a\u00e7\u0131kt\u0131r.<\/p>\n Emir Bedirhan Bey\u2019e aleyhtarl\u0131k ile ba\u015flayan bu durum, Tanzimat Ferman\u0131, Islahat Ferman\u0131 ve bir dizi jeopolitik anla\u015fmalar ile birlikte Kanuni Esasi\u2019ye yans\u0131m\u0131\u015f, akabinde me\u015frutiyet s\u00fcrecine kadar K\u00fcrtler \u00fczerinde bir bask\u0131 arac\u0131 olarak kullan\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n Belgede de ifade edildi\u011fi gibi Ermenilerin -Nasturilerde- Rusya ve \u0130ngiltere taraf\u0131ndan desteklenmesi, y\u00fczy\u0131l boyunca K\u00fcrtlere kar\u015f\u0131 uygulanan cinayetler ve katliamlar daha fazlad\u0131r.<\/p>\n K\u00fcrt alimleri \u00e7e\u015fitli makale ve a\u00e7\u0131klamalar\u0131nda; K\u00fcrtlerin ve gerek Ermenilerin iyi ahlak ve g\u00fczel gidi\u015flerinin birbirinin benzeri oldu\u011fu, \u0130slam \u015feriat\u0131na hakk\u0131yla ba\u011fl\u0131 olan K\u00fcrtlerin \u015feriata ayk\u0131r\u0131 durumlardan eskiden beri t\u00fcm\u00fcyle sak\u0131nm\u0131\u015f ve \u0130slam \u015feriat\u0131 gere\u011fince Ermenilerin haklar\u0131na her bak\u0131mdan sayg\u0131 g\u00f6stermi\u015f olduklar\u0131;<\/p>\n Ermenilerin de ba\u011fnazl\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00e7ekici, huzur ve rahatl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ortadan kald\u0131r\u0131c\u0131 baz\u0131 m\u00fcnaf\u0131klar\u0131n aldatmacalar\u0131na kap\u0131lmad\u0131klar\u0131 ve aralar\u0131nda hi\u00e7bir engel ve g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fck bulunmayarak tam bir refah ve uyumla ya\u015fad\u0131klar\u0131, aksinin soru\u015fturma ve tart\u0131\u015fma konusu bile olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131na de\u011finmi\u015flerdir.<\/p>\n \u0130sa\u2019n\u0131n milad\u0131n\u0131n 2 bin 600 y\u0131l \u00f6ncesinden beri, yani tarihin bak\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131n erebildi\u011fi d\u00f6nemden bu ana kadar K\u00fcrdistan\u2019da tam bir birlik ve sevgiyle ya\u015fam\u0131\u015f olan K\u00fcrtlerle Ermeniler aras\u0131nda iddia edilen nifak ve husumet var olmu\u015f olsayd\u0131, birinin di\u011ferini bu kadar uzun bir zaman i\u00e7inde herhalde imha etmesi gerekirdi.<\/p>\n Bug\u00fcn co\u011frafyalarda g\u00f6r\u00fclen toprak par\u00e7alar\u0131n\u0131n ve \u00fclkelerin tarihine ba\u015fvurulsun.<\/p>\n Bunlar\u0131n ne kadar halklar taraf\u0131ndan artarda miras al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve her yeni gelenin kendisinden \u00f6nce var olan\u0131 en k\u0131sa zamanda nas\u0131l imha edip ortadan kald\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcr.<\/p>\n Bu genel durumdan ayr\u0131 ve m\u00fcstesna bir toprak par\u00e7as\u0131 varsa, o da K\u00fcrdistan\u2019d\u0131r.<\/p>\n \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc Ermeniler o toprak par\u00e7as\u0131n\u0131n eski sakinleri olduklar\u0131 gibi, bug\u00fcn tarih\u00e7e kan\u0131tl\u0131 olarak bilinmektedir ki Medyal\u0131lar\u0131n halefleri olan K\u00fcrtler de o toprak par\u00e7as\u0131n\u0131n asli olan eski sakinlerindendirler.<\/p>\n Bu iki eski halk\u0131n istilalar\u0131 zaman\u0131nda K\u00fcrtler, Ermenilere; Ermeniler de K\u00fcrtlere eski tarihte benzeri olmayan bi\u00e7imde sahip \u00e7\u0131k\u0131p korumu\u015flar ve birbirinin soy ve \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc tan\u0131y\u0131p varl\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131kl\u0131 olarak g\u00fcvenceye alm\u0131\u015flard\u0131r.<\/p>\n Ermeniler H\u0131ristiyanl\u0131\u011f\u0131, K\u00fcrtler de \u0130slam’\u0131 kabul ettiklerinde, aralar\u0131nda meydana gelen din ayr\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131, eski uyu\u015fmalar\u0131n\u0131 zerre kadar bozmad\u0131.<\/p>\n Her iki halk\u0131n yeti\u015ftirdi\u011fi erdemli ve y\u00fcce adamlar\u0131n yol g\u00f6sterici telkinleri, eski sevgilerinin s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclmesini ve ulusal mutluluklar\u0131n\u0131n devam\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flayarak, hi\u00e7bir toprak par\u00e7as\u0131na ve y\u00f6reye nasip olmayan bir dostluk ve uyu\u015fmayla zamanlar ve y\u00fczy\u0131llar ge\u00e7irdiklerine tarih tan\u0131kt\u0131r.<\/p>\n Klasik Osmanl\u0131 politikas\u0131 olan s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131n\u0131n korunmas\u0131 prensibinden hareket edilerek kurulan bu askeri birlikler, ellerine ge\u00e7irdikleri inisiyatif ile K\u00fcrt toplumu i\u00e7indeki \u00e7eli\u015fkileri de alevlendirmi\u015flerdir.<\/p>\n Bu alaylar\u0131n bulundu\u011fu Erzurum, Van, Bitlis, Diyarbak\u0131r, Urfa vilayetlerinde a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a\u00a0\u2018i\u00e7 sava\u015f<\/em>\u2019 ya\u015fanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n \u0130\u00e7 otonomilerini kaybeden K\u00fcrtler, topraklar\u0131n\u0131\u00a0Osmanl\u0131 ve \u0130ran\u00a0\u00a0s\u0131n\u0131r payla\u015f\u0131mlar\u0131 ile y\u00fcz y\u0131l boyunca kaybederek a\u015firetler \u00fczerinde oynanan politikalar sonucunda belirli birka\u00e7 K\u00fcrt grubunun, Hamidiye Alaylar\u0131nda yer almas\u0131 ve arkalar\u0131na ald\u0131klar\u0131 siyasi destekle en sakin yerle\u015fim alanlar\u0131nda \u00e7at\u0131\u015fmalar ya\u015fanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n Ruslar, Ermeniler veya di\u011fer H\u0131ristiyan halkla sava\u015f\u0131n olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 d\u00f6nemlerde, Abd\u00fclhamid mant\u0131\u011f\u0131yla a\u015firetler birbirine d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr\u00fcl\u00fcr ya da bu t\u00fcr \u00e7eli\u015fkilerin \u00f6n plana \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131na g\u00f6z yumulur.<\/p>\n Bu ve benzeri politikalar, Osmanl\u0131n\u0131n, \u00f6nceleri g\u00f6ze \u00e7arpmayan, ilk etapta tepki \u00e7ekmeyen bir durum olarak K\u00fcrtlerin gittik\u00e7e Osmanl\u0131ya daha \u00e7ok ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131 hale getirilmelerinde, \u00f6zg\u00fcr ve i\u00e7 otonomilerini kaybetmelerinde aranmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n Bu \u00e7alkant\u0131l\u0131 y\u0131llar ayn\u0131 zamanda Osmanl\u0131lar\u0131n a\u015firetler \u00fczerinde oynad\u0131\u011f\u0131 y\u0131llar olmu\u015ftur.<\/p>\n Bir a\u015firetin \u00fczerine di\u011ferinin g\u00f6nderilmesi, istenmeyen veya g\u00fc\u00e7lenme e\u011filimi g\u00f6steren bir beyli\u011fin yerine rakip bir a\u015firet reisinin desteklenmesi s\u0131k s\u0131k rastlanan olaylar haline gelmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n K\u00fcrdistan’da toplumsal yap\u0131n\u0131n parampar\u00e7a edildi\u011fi ve bu par\u00e7alanm\u0131\u015fl\u0131k \u00fczerinde y\u00fczlerce otoritenin olu\u015fturuldu\u011fu ger\u00e7e\u011fi bize bu noktada Osmanl\u0131n\u0131n ne derece bu politikada ba\u015far\u0131l\u0131 oldu\u011funu g\u00f6stermektedir.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n 1<\/sup>\u00a0Belge, Dr Ersin K\u0131rca taraf\u0131ndan 2017 Nisan ay\u0131nda\u00a0Tarih ve Gelecek<\/em>\u00a0dergisinde farkl\u0131 bir ba\u011flamda yay\u0131nlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n H\u00fcseyin Siyabend Aytemur-The Independentturkish<\/strong><\/b><\/p>\n <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" \u0130ngiltere ve Rusya aras\u0131ndaki rekabet, Osmanl\u0131-\u0130ran \u00fczerinden K\u00fcrdistan\u2019da kendisini g\u00f6sterirken, Berlin Antla\u015fmas\u0131 ile Ermenilerin stat\u00fcs\u00fc, K\u00fcrtlerin \u00fczerinde de etkisini g\u00f6stermeye ba\u015flad\u0131. Balkanlar\u0131n yeniden yap\u0131lanmas\u0131, Rusya\u2019n\u0131n ekonomik g\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fcn zay\u0131f olmas\u0131yla, belirli bir toprak par\u00e7as\u0131 \u00fczerinden n\u00fcfuz art\u0131rmaya y\u00f6nelik i\u015fgal politikas\u0131, \u00f6zellikle s\u0131cak denizlere inebilmek i\u00e7in \u2018Ermeni milliyet\u00e7ili\u011fi\u2019 duygusu \u00f6nemli bir tercihti. Rusya\u2019n\u0131n, Osmanl\u0131-K\u00fcrdistan topraklar\u0131na olan ilgisinin …<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":32,"featured_media":23458,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1084],"tags":[307,5547,117,1616,6581,903],"class_list":["post-23455","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","","category-arastirma","tag-bediuzzeman","tag-ermeniler","tag-kurtler","tag-manset","tag-said-kurdi","tag-said-nursi"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/candname.com\/tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/23455","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/candname.com\/tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/candname.com\/tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/candname.com\/tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/32"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/candname.com\/tr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=23455"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/candname.com\/tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/23455\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":23459,"href":"https:\/\/candname.com\/tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/23455\/revisions\/23459"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/candname.com\/tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/23458"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/candname.com\/tr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=23455"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/candname.com\/tr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=23455"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/candname.com\/tr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=23455"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}