{"id":23085,"date":"2023-10-27T23:35:32","date_gmt":"2023-10-27T20:35:32","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/candname.com\/tr\/?p=23085"},"modified":"2023-11-14T23:10:16","modified_gmt":"2023-11-14T20:10:16","slug":"uygulamali-bir-ceviri-elestirisi-kurt-milliyetciliginin-kaynaklari-ve-seyh-said-isyani-1880-1925-2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/candname.com\/tr\/?p=23085","title":{"rendered":"Uygulamal\u0131 Bir \u00c7eviri Ele\u015ftirisi: K\u00fcrt Milliyet\u00e7ili\u011finin Kaynaklar\u0131 Ve \u015eeyh Said \u0130syan\u0131 (1880-1925)"},"content":{"rendered":"

UYGULAMALI B\u0130R \u00c7EV\u0130R\u0130 ELE\u015eT\u0130R\u0130S\u0130:
\nK\u00dcRT M\u0130LL\u0130YET\u00c7\u0130L\u0130\u011e\u0130N\u0130N KAYNAKLARI VE \u015eEYH SA\u0130D \u0130SYANI (1880-1925)
\n<\/strong>Bing\u00f6l, \u0130. (2023). Uygulamal\u0131 Bir \u00c7eviri Ele\u015ftirisi: \u201cK\u00fcrt Milliyet\u00e7ili\u011finin Kaynaklar\u0131 ve \u015eeyh Said \u0130syan\u0131 (1880-1925)\u201d, The Journal of Mesopotamian Studies, <\/em>8 (3), ss. \u2026-\u2026, DOI: 10.35859\/jms.2023.1175154<\/p>\n

\u0130brahim B\u0130NG\u00d6L
\n<\/strong>Dr. \u00d6\u011fr. G\u00f6r., Mardin Artuklu \u00dcniversitesi, T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de Ya\u015fayan Diller Enstit\u00fcs\u00fc, K\u00fcrt Dili ve K\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fc Anabilimdal\u0131, ibrahimbing\u00f6l@hotmail.com<\/a>, ORCID: 0000-0002-6340-5000<\/p>\n

\u00d6Z<\/strong><\/p>\n

Bu makalede Robert Olson\u2019un \u201cThe Emergence of Kurdish Nationalism and The Sheikh Said Rebellion, 1880-1925\u201d adl\u0131<\/em> eserinin T\u00fcrk\u00e7e \u00e7evirisi olan \u201cK\u00fcrt Milliyet\u00e7ili\u011finin Kaynaklar\u0131 ve \u015eeyh Said \u0130syan\u0131 (1880-1925<\/em>)\u201d<\/em> adl\u0131 eseri \u00e7eviri a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u00c7eviride sorunlu alanlar tespit edilerek, bunlar orijinal eser ile kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131r\u0131larak, yap\u0131lan yanl\u0131\u015flara i\u015faret edilmi\u015ftir. \u00c7eviride k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck anlam kay\u0131plar\u0131, ifade bozukluklar\u0131, metnin t\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fc etkilemeyen k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck yanl\u0131\u015flar vb. \u015feyler bu makalenin kapsam\u0131 d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda tutulmu\u015ftur. Sadece ve sadece okurun analizini etkileyen, okura yanl\u0131\u015f bilgi veren ve okuru yanl\u0131\u015f y\u00f6ne y\u00f6nlendiren \u00e7eviri yanl\u0131\u015flar\u0131 ele al\u0131nm\u0131\u015f ve bunlar\u0131n alternatif \u00e7evirileri verilerek, gerekti\u011fi yerlerde de yorumlar eklenmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

Anahtar Kelimeler<\/strong>: \u00c7eviri ele\u015ftirisi, \u015eeyh Said, K\u00fcrt Milliyet\u00e7ili\u011fi, \u00c7eviri yanl\u0131\u015flar\u0131<\/p>\n

\u00a0Abstract<\/strong><\/p>\n

In this article, the Turkish translation of Robert Olson’s “The Emergence of Kurdish Nationalism and The Sheikh Said Rebellion, 1880-1925”, \u201cK\u00fcrt Milliyet\u00e7ili\u011finin Kaynaklar\u0131 ve \u015eeyh Said \u0130syan\u0131 (1880-1925\u201d<\/em>, is compared in terms of translation. The mistakes made are pointed out by comparing them with the original work. Minor loss of meaning in the translation, language disorders, minor mistakes that do not affect the entire text, etc. are excluded from the scope of this article. Only the translation errors that affect the reader’s analysis, mislead the reader, and alternative translations of these have been given, and comments have been added where necessary.<\/p>\n

Keywords<\/strong>: Translation criticism, Sheikh Said, Kurdish Nationalism, Translation errors<\/p>\n

Giri\u015f<\/strong><\/h3>\n

Robert Olson\u2019un kaleme ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u201cThe Emergence of Kurdish Nationalism and The Sheikh Said Rebellion, 1880-1925<\/em>\u201d (K\u00fcrt Milliyet\u00e7ili\u011finin Kaynaklar\u0131 ve \u015eeyh Said \u0130syan\u0131 (1880-1925)[1]<\/strong><\/sup><\/a><\/em>, adl\u0131 kitap, ba\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131nda belirtilen s\u00f6z konusu y\u0131llara dair Ortado\u011fu\u2019da geli\u015fen olaylara ve \u00e7e\u015fitli milletlerin bu olaylar\u0131 g\u00f6sterdi\u011fi tepkilere y\u00f6nelik \u00f6nemli belgeler i\u00e7ermektedir. B\u00fcy\u00fck Britanya\u2019n\u0131n Hava ve s\u00f6m\u00fcrge bakanl\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131n ar\u015fivlerine ula\u015fan Robert Olson s\u00f6z konusu d\u00f6neme ait Britanyal\u0131 yetkililerinin kendi aralar\u0131nda yaz\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n\u0131, i\u00e7 tart\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n\u0131, olaylara bak\u0131\u015f a\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131 g\u00fcn y\u00fcz\u00fcne \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131yor. Bu belgelerde sadece \u0130ngilizlerin de\u011fil, Almanlar\u0131n, Frans\u0131zlar\u0131n, T\u00fcrklerin, K\u00fcrtlerin vs. gibi bir\u00e7ok milletin geli\u015fen olaylar kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131ndaki tutumlar\u0131n\u0131, bak\u0131\u015f a\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131 ve tepkilerini bir\u00e7ok a\u00e7\u0131dan \u00f6\u011frenmi\u015f oluyoruz. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla bu kitap ayn\u0131 zamanda tarih\u00e7iler i\u00e7in de iyi bir ba\u015fvuru kayna\u011f\u0131 olu\u015fturuyor.<\/p>\n

Bu kitab\u0131n T\u00fcrk\u00e7e \u00e7evirisi \u201cK\u00fcrt Milliyet\u00e7ili\u011finin Kaynaklar\u0131 ve \u015eeyh Said \u0130syan\u0131 (1880-1925<\/em>\u201d ba\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131yla 1992 y\u0131l\u0131nda \u00d6zge Yay\u0131nlar\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan yay\u0131mland\u0131. Kitab\u0131n \u00e7evirisini B\u00fclent Peker ile Nevzat K\u0131ra\u00e7 yapm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u00c7evirmenlerin iki ki\u015fi olmas\u0131 ilk ba\u015fta okura daha iyi bir \u00e7eviri beklentisini yarat\u0131yor ancak sayfalar ilerledik\u00e7e \u00e7evirideki bariz baz\u0131 tutars\u0131zl\u0131klar dikkatli okurun g\u00f6z\u00fcnden ka\u00e7m\u0131yor. Ku\u015fkusuz her \u00e7eviride yanl\u0131\u015flar olabilir, anlam kaymalar\u0131 olabilir, bir kelimeye ba\u015fka anlamlar y\u00fcklenebilir; b\u00fct\u00fcn bunlar normal kar\u015f\u0131lanabilir ancak e\u011fer yap\u0131lan \u00e7eviri yanl\u0131\u015flar\u0131 metnin t\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fc etkiliyor ya da bu \u00e7eviriyi ba\u015fvuru kayna\u011f\u0131 olarak alan okurun analizini yanl\u0131\u015fa y\u00f6nlendiriyorsa burada mutlaka d\u00fczeltilmesi gereken bir sorun var demektir. S\u00f6zgelimi Almanlar\u0131n Musul meselesinde T\u00fcrkleri destekleyip desteklemedi\u011fi sorusuna cevap arayan bir okur ya da bir tarih\u00e7i e\u011fer ba\u015fvuru kayna\u011f\u0131 olarak sadece bu \u00e7eviriyle yetinmi\u015fse, \u00e7ok rahatl\u0131kla yanl\u0131\u015f bir analize ula\u015fabilir. Okuru bu t\u00fcrden tehlikelere kar\u015f\u0131 uyarmak amac\u0131yla bu kitapta g\u00f6rebildi\u011fimiz bariz \u00e7eviri yanl\u0131\u015flar\u0131na dikkat \u00e7ekmek amac\u0131yla a\u015fa\u011f\u0131da \u00f6nce orijinal metni, ard\u0131ndan s\u00f6z konusu \u00e7evirmenlerin metnini, sonra alternatif \u00e7eviriyi verece\u011fim. \u00c7eviride nerede yanl\u0131\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131n yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 okur taraf\u0131ndan daha iyi bir bi\u00e7imde g\u00f6r\u00fclmesi i\u00e7in metni \u00e7evirirken olabildi\u011fince \u00e7evirmenlerin kulland\u0131\u011f\u0131 terminolojiyi kullanaca\u011f\u0131m.<\/p>\n

1. \u00c7eviri ve \u0130deoloji<\/strong><\/h3>\n

\u00c7evirinin tarihi \u00e7ok eskilere dayansa da bir disiplin haline gelmesi ge\u00e7 tarihlerde olmu\u015ftur. G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de say\u0131s\u0131z \u00e7eviri eser bulunmas\u0131na ra\u011fmen \u00e7eviriye ve \u00e7evirmene hakketti\u011fi \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde \u00f6zen ve \u00f6nem g\u00f6sterilmedi\u011fi gibi \u00e7o\u011fu zaman \u00e7evirmenlik bir meslek olarak bile g\u00f6r\u00fclmemektedir. Hatta baz\u0131 akademik \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalarda bile \u00e7eviri eserler referans verilirken, kaynak\u00e7ada \u00e7evirmenin ad\u0131n\u0131n yaz\u0131lmas\u0131 dahi unutulmaktad\u0131r. \u00d6te yandan bir\u00e7ok yay\u0131nevi de parasal kayg\u0131larla yabanc\u0131 dil bilen birine hemen rahatl\u0131kla \u00e7eviri yapt\u0131rabilmektedir. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla piyasada denetimi yap\u0131lmam\u0131\u015f, \u201c\u00e7evrilmemi\u015f\u201d daha do\u011frusu \u201c\u00e7eviri yanl\u0131\u015flar\u0131yla dolu\u201d az\u0131msanmayacak \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde, \u00e7eviri eser bulunmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Elbette her \u00e7eviride yanl\u0131\u015flar olabilir ama e\u011fer yap\u0131lan yanl\u0131\u015flar hep belirli bir e\u011filim ve do\u011frultuda oluyorsa, burada bu konunun \u00fczerinde durulmas\u0131 gerekir. Usta \u00e7evirmen Ak\u015fit G\u00f6kt\u00fcrk (1994:104) \u00a0bu konuyu ger\u00e7ekten de \u00e7ok g\u00fczel \u00f6zetliyor:<\/p>\n

Her \u00e7eviri, bir bak\u0131ma, belli bir oranda da olsa, \u00e7evirmenin parmak izlerini ta\u015f\u0131r bu nedenle. Ama bu izlerin, en \u00e7ok g\u00f6r\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc alan, yaz\u0131n yap\u0131tlar\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7evirisidir. \u00c7evirmenin kendine \u00f6zg\u00fc d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnsel konumu, bilgisi, okuma birikimi, kaynak dil ile \u00e7eviri dilini kullanabilme g\u00fcc\u00fc, zihinsel \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcmleme, yorumlama, \u00e7a\u011fr\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma yetisi, belli bir yazar\u0131n yap\u0131t\u0131n\u0131 se\u00e7mekteki amac\u0131, \u00e7eviride sorumluluk duygusu gibi bireysel \u00f6zellikler, bu durumun ba\u015fl\u0131ca etkenleridir. \u00c7evirmenin ki\u015fili\u011fiyle ilgili bu \u00f6zellikler, yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u015fe de ister istemez yans\u0131r<\/em>.<\/p>\n

D\u00fcnyada ve T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de yap\u0131lan \u00e7evirilerin baz\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7evirmenin ideolojik e\u011filimi lehine yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 bilinmektedir. \u00c7evirmen kendi ideolojik e\u011filimi do\u011frultusunda \u00e7eviriyi e\u011fip b\u00fckerek, kendi ideolojik \u00e7er\u00e7evesine oturttu\u011fu biliniyor. Bunun \u00f6rnekleri hem islami hem de sol \u00e7evrelerde yeterince vard\u0131r.[2]<\/sup><\/a> Dini metinleri kendi mezhep e\u011filimlerine g\u00f6re anlamland\u0131r\u0131p yorumlayan \u00e7evirmenlerin yan\u0131 s\u0131ra Marks, Engels, Lenin vb. gibi Marksist liderlerinin yaz\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131 kendi \u00f6rg\u00fctsel ideolojilerinin e\u011filimlerine g\u00f6re \u00e7eviren solcu \u00e7evirmenler de olmu\u015ftur. Ama s\u00f6z konusu K\u00fcrtler olunca ne yaz\u0131k ki bu tablo daha trajik bir hal al\u0131yor. \u00c7o\u011fu zaman \u00e7evirilerde K\u00fcrtlerin ad\u0131 \u00e7evrilmiyor ya da ink\u00e2r ediliyor. Konuyla ilgili birka\u00e7 \u00f6rnek vermek gerekirse, Rudaw\u2019\u0131n 15.12.2022 tarihli haberi \u015f\u00f6yledir:<\/p>\n

\u201cBahar yay\u0131nlar\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan B\u00fcy\u00fck \u0130slam Tarih\u00e7isi \u0130bn\u2019\u00fcl Esir\u2019in (1160 \u2013 1233) 12 ciltlik \u201cEl Kamil fi\u2019Tarih\u201d isimli eserinin T\u00fcrk\u00e7e \u00e7evirisinde, Eyy\u00fcbilerin K\u00fcrtl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc ifade eden c\u00fcmleden \u201cK\u00fcrtl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u201d sans\u00fcrlendi\u011fi ortaya \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131.<\/em><\/p>\n

Ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131 \u2013 Sosyolog Adnan F\u0131rat Bayar, kitab\u0131n Eyy\u00fcbilerin a\u015firetinden bahseden k\u0131s\u0131mda ge\u00e7en \u201cK\u00fcrtlerin en soylu hanedan\u0131\u201d ifadesinden \u201cK\u00fcrtlerin\u201d k\u0131sm\u0131 \u00e7\u0131kart\u0131l\u0131p sadece \u201c\u015ferefli bir kabile\u201d \u015feklinde terc\u00fcme edildi\u011fini ortaya \u00e7\u0131kard\u0131<\/em>.\u201d[3]<\/a><\/p>\n

Yine bir \u0130nternet gazetesi olan Bianet\u2019in verdi\u011fi haber de \u015f\u00f6yledir:<\/p>\n

\u201cPaulo Coelho\u2019nun, Eleven Minutes (Onbir Dakika) kitab\u0131 T\u00fcrk\u00e7eye \u00e7evrilirken K\u00fcrdistan s\u00f6zc\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fcn sans\u00fcrlendi\u011fi ortaya \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131. Can Yay\u0131nlar\u0131 kitab\u0131 toplataca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 duyurdu.[4]<\/a><\/p>\n

Yukar\u0131da Bianet\u2019in verdi\u011fi habere s\u00f6z konusu olan kitab\u0131n \u015fu orijinal metni \u201cShe went into an Internet cafe and discovered that Kurds came from Kurdistan, a non-existent country, now divided between Turkey and Iraq<\/strong><\/em>\u201d, T\u00fcrk\u00e7eye \u201cMaria <\/em>bir internet kafeye girdi, internette K\u00fcrtler’ in Ortado\u011fu’da ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 yaz\u0131yordu<\/em>\u201d diye \u00e7evrilmi\u015f. Oysa do\u011frusu \u015f\u00f6yle olmal\u0131yd\u0131: \u201c(Maria) bir internet kafeye girdi ve K\u00fcrtlerin \u00fclkelerinin bug\u00fcn T\u00fcrkiye ile Irak aras\u0131nda b\u00f6l\u00fcnm\u00fc\u015f, art\u0131k var olmayan bir \u00fclke olan K\u00fcrdistan oldu\u011funu ke\u015ffetti.<\/em>\u201d G\u00f6r\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc gibi \u00e7evirmen ya da edit\u00f6r taraf\u0131ndan \u201cK\u00fcrdistan<\/em>\u201d \u201cOrtado\u011fu<\/em>\u201d olarak \u00e7evrilmi\u015f, \u201cT\u00fcrkiye ile Irak aras\u0131nda b\u00f6l\u00fcnm\u00fc\u015f, art\u0131k var olmayan bir \u00fclke<\/em>\u201d k\u0131sm\u0131 ise hi\u00e7 \u00e7evrilmemi\u015ftir. Konuyla ilgili \u00f6rnekler \u00e7o\u011falt\u0131labilir.[5]<\/a><\/p>\n

Ku\u015fkusuz biz burada ele ald\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z kitab\u0131n s\u00f6z konusu \u00e7evirmenlerin yukar\u0131da belirtti\u011fimiz tarzda herhangi bir grup lehine keskin bir ideolojik kar\u015f\u0131tl\u0131kla hareket etti\u011fini ileri s\u00fcrm\u00fcyoruz. Bundan \u00e7ok, kaynak dilin i\u015fleyi\u015fine pek h\u00e2kim olmad\u0131klar\u0131 i\u00e7in yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00e7eviri yanl\u0131\u015flar\u0131na ve kaynak dilde birden fazla anlam\u0131 olan fiil ve s\u00f6zc\u00fcklerle ilgili yapt\u0131klar\u0131 tercihlere bak\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, T\u00fcrkiye kamuoyunun b\u00fcy\u00fck bir k\u0131sm\u0131nda \u201c\u015eeyh Said isyan\u0131n\u0131n bir irticai hareket oldu\u011fu ve bu hareketi \u0130ngilizlerin tahrik etti\u011fi<\/em>\u201d y\u00f6n\u00fcnde egemen olan g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn etkisinde kald\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 ileri s\u00fcr\u00fcyoruz. S\u00f6zgelimi \u0130ngilizcedeki instigate<\/em> fiilinin bir\u00e7ok anlam\u0131[6]<\/sup><\/a> olmas\u0131na ra\u011fmen \u00e7evirmenler bir yerde ba\u011flama yeterince oturmamas\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131n bu fiili \u201ctahrik \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 s\u0131ras\u0131nda<\/em>\u201d diye \u00e7evirmi\u015fler. Yine \u201ckatliam yapmak<\/em>\u201d anlam\u0131na gelen \u201cmassacre<\/em>\u201d kelimesini \u201czul\u00fcm etmek<\/em>\u201d olarak; \u201cya\u011fmalamak<\/em>\u201d anlam\u0131na gelen \u201cplunder<\/em>\u201d kelimesini de \u201ck\u0131l\u0131\u00e7tan ge\u00e7irmek<\/em>\u201d olarak \u00e7evirmi\u015fler. Do\u011frusu bunlara s\u0131radan \u00e7eviri hatalar\u0131 deyip ge\u00e7ebilirdik ama i\u015fin i\u00e7ine T\u00fcrkler ve K\u00fcrtler kar\u0131\u015f\u0131nca bir de \u201cCibranl\u0131 Halid\u2019in \u0130stiklal fikriyle zehirlenen en g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc a\u015firetler bu b\u00f6lgede idi<\/em>\u201d gibi kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 orijinal metinde yer almayan K\u00fcrt \u015fahsiyetlere y\u00f6nelik olumsuzluk \u00e7a\u011fr\u0131\u015ft\u0131ran ifadeler eklenince insan ister istemez \u00e7evirmenlerin niyetlerini sorgulamak zorunda kal\u0131yor.<\/p>\n

Elbette dil bilmek \u00e7evirinin olmazsa olmaz\u0131d\u0131r ama iyi bir \u00e7eviri i\u00e7in hi\u00e7 de yeterli de\u011fildir. Yine usta \u00e7evirmen Ak\u015fit G\u00f6kt\u00fcrk (1994: 17) bu konuyu \u00e7ok g\u00fczel \u00f6zetliyor:<\/p>\n

Ger\u00e7ekte \u00e7evirmenin, hem kaynak dilin, hem de \u00e7eviri dilinin i\u015fleyi\u015f d\u00fczenini \u00e7ok iyi bilmesi, ikisinde de dilbilgisel \u00f6\u011feleri \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcmleyebilecek yetide olmas\u0131, yabana at\u0131lamayacak bir noktad\u0131r. Yaln\u0131z, metnin g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcr nesnel s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131 \u00f6tesindeki bir\u00e7ok ili\u015fkisinin de g\u00f6z \u00f6n\u00fcnde tutulmas\u0131, sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131 bir \u00e7eviri y\u00f6nteminin \u00f6n ko\u015fuludur. Her metni, i\u00e7inde olu\u015ftu\u011fu toplumsal konum gere\u011fi belirleyen birtak\u0131m ileti\u015fimsel \u00f6zellikler vard\u0131r. Bu \u00f6zellikler, metnin g\u00f6ndericisine, al\u0131c\u0131s\u0131na, iletisinin niteli\u011fine g\u00f6re de\u011fi\u015fiklik g\u00f6sterir<\/em>.<\/p>\n

G\u00f6kt\u00fcrk\u2019\u00fcn yukar\u0131da i\u015faret etmi\u015f oldu\u011fu sorunlar bizim ele ald\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z \u00e7eviride de yer almaktad\u0131r. G\u00f6r\u00fclece\u011fi gibi s\u00f6z konusu kitab\u0131n \u00e7evirmenleri kaynak dilin \u201ci\u015fleyi\u015f d\u00fczenine\u201d pek h\u00e2kim de\u011fil gibi g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcyorlar. Kaynak dile h\u00e2kim olamama durumu ister istemez \u00e7evirmenlere ba\u011flama, bir ba\u015fka deyi\u015fle c\u00fcmlenin geli\u015fine g\u00f6re yorumlayarak \u00e7eviri yapmaya sevk ediyor. S\u00f6zgelimi \u201crespond in kind<\/em>\u201d deyimi i\u00e7in herhangi bir \u0130ngilizce-T\u00fcrk\u00e7e s\u00f6zl\u00fc\u011fe bak\u0131lsayd\u0131, kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u201cmisillemede bulunmak<\/em>\u201d anlam\u0131 rahatl\u0131kla g\u00f6r\u00fclecekti. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla \u201cthe Kurds responded in kind<\/em>\u201d c\u00fcmlesi \u201cbu K\u00fcrtler i\u00e7in memnuniyet vericiydi<\/em>\u201d gibi alakas\u0131z bir \u00e7eviri ortaya \u00e7\u0131kmayacakt\u0131. \u00d6te yandan \u00e7evirmenler \u00e7evirdikleri konuya vak\u0131f olmad\u0131klar\u0131 i\u00e7in \u00e7eviriyi ba\u011flamada oturtamam\u0131\u015flar. E\u011fer \u00e7evirmenler geriye d\u00f6n\u00fcp \u00e7evirdiklerini bir okur olarak okumu\u015f olsalard\u0131 yanl\u0131\u015f \u00e7evirdikleri yerlerin ba\u011flama oturmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6rebilirlerdi. S\u00f6z konusu kaynak dili bilmeyen ama konuya biraz vak\u0131f olan bir okur a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki \u015fu \u00e7eviri paragraf\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7ok sorunlu oldu\u011funu hemen ilk bak\u0131\u015fta g\u00f6rebilir:<\/p>\n

\u201cT\u00fcrkler Topal Osman komutas\u0131ndaki barbarl\u0131klar\u0131yla tan\u0131nan \u00c7erkez Alay\u0131\u2019yla da u\u011fra\u015ft\u0131lar ve K\u00fcrtler\u2019le daha fazla me\u015fgul olmad\u0131lar. Bu alaylar bir\u00e7ok gaddarl\u0131k yapt\u0131 ve bu K\u00fcrtler i\u00e7in memnuniyet vericiydi<\/em>.\u201d<\/p>\n

T\u00fcrklerin hi\u00e7bir zaman \u00c7erkez Alaylarla u\u011fra\u015fmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, tersine Topal Osman\u2019\u0131, bir\u00e7ok sava\u015fta T\u00fcrklerin yan\u0131nda yer ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in yarbay r\u00fctbesi ve \u0130stiklal madalyas\u0131yla bile onurland\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 az \u00e7ok bilen biri bu \u00e7eviride yanl\u0131\u015f giden bir \u015feyin oldu\u011funu g\u00f6recektir.<\/p>\n

2. Kastedilen anlam\u0131n tam aksini ifade eden \u00e7eviri yanl\u0131\u015flar\u0131<\/strong><\/h3>\n
    \n
  1. Orijinal metin<\/strong>: The Turks also turned<\/em> the Circassian regiment, commanded by Topal Osman and known for their barbarity, loose on<\/em> the Kurds. These regiments committed many atrocities and the Kurds responded in kind<\/em>.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    Kitaptaki \u00c7eviri<\/strong>: T\u00fcrkler Topal Osman komutas\u0131ndaki barbarl\u0131klar\u0131yla tan\u0131nan \u00c7erkez Alay\u0131\u2019yla da u\u011fra\u015ft\u0131lar<\/em> ve K\u00fcrtler\u2019le daha fazla me\u015fgul olmad\u0131lar<\/em>. Bu alaylar bir\u00e7ok gaddarl\u0131k yapt\u0131 ve bu K\u00fcrtler i\u00e7in memnuniyet vericiydi<\/em>. (s. 61)<\/p>\n

    Alternatif \u00c7eviri:<\/strong> T\u00fcrkler ayr\u0131ca Topal Osman komutas\u0131ndaki barbarl\u0131klar\u0131yla tan\u0131nan \u00c7erkez Alay\u0131n\u0131 da K\u00fcrtlerin \u00fczerine sald\u0131lar<\/em>. Bu alaylar bir\u00e7ok gaddarl\u0131k yapt\u0131 ve K\u00fcrtler de ayn\u0131 \u015fekilde kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k verdiler<\/em>.<\/p>\n

    Yorum<\/strong>: \u00c7evirmenlerin konuya vak\u0131f olmad\u0131klar\u0131 belli ama orijinal metinde \u201cK\u00fcrtler\u2019le daha fazla me\u015fgul olmad\u0131lar<\/em>\u201d c\u00fcmlesini kar\u015f\u0131layacak ya da b\u00f6yle bir \u015feyi \u00e7a\u011fr\u0131\u015ft\u0131racak bir yap\u0131y\u0131 nereden \u00e7\u0131kard\u0131lar, o belli de\u011fil! Konuya uzak olan bir okur kitaptaki bu \u00e7eviriyle \u00e7ok rahatl\u0131kla T\u00fcrklerin Topal Osman komutas\u0131ndaki \u00c7erkez Alay\u0131yla m\u00fccadele etti\u011fini, bunun da K\u00fcrtlerin i\u015fine yarad\u0131\u011f\u0131 gibi bir anlam \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131r. Oysa durum anlat\u0131lmak istenenin tam tersidir.<\/p>\n

     <\/p>\n

      \n
    1. Orijinal metin<\/strong>: Kodaman argues that during the period 1885-1890 the Porte was able to get some control over the tribes through this solicitous policy and that the Ottomans also took pains to pay attention<\/em> to the demands of the Armenians. Most historians of this period see little<\/em> Ottoman concern with the demands and concerns of the Armenians.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

      Kitaptaki \u00c7eviri<\/strong>: Kodaman’a g\u00f6re, Bab\u0131 Ali, 1885-1890 d\u00f6neminde, bu siyaset sayesinde a\u015firetler \u00fczerinde bir miktar denetim kurabilmekteydi ve Ermeni taleplerine dikkat sarfetmek belas\u0131yla kar\u015f\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131yayd\u0131<\/em>. Bu d\u00f6nem \u00fczerine \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan tarih\u00e7ilerin b\u00fcy\u00fck bir \u00e7o\u011funlu\u011fu, Ermeniler’in talepleri ve kayg\u0131lar\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda Osmanl\u0131’n\u0131n pek oral\u0131 olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131<\/em> g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcndedirler, (s. 27)<\/p>\n

      Alternatif \u00c7eviri:<\/strong> Kodaman, 1885-1890 d\u00f6neminde Bab\u0131ali’nin bu \u00f6zenli politikayla a\u015firetler \u00fczerinde bir miktar kontrol sa\u011flayabildi\u011fini ve Osmanl\u0131lar\u0131n Ermenilerin taleplerine de dikkat etmeye \u00f6zen g\u00f6sterdi\u011fini<\/em> \u00f6ne s\u00fcr\u00fcyor. Bu d\u00f6nemin tarih\u00e7ilerinin \u00e7o\u011fu, Osmanl\u0131lar\u0131n Ermenilerin talep ve endi\u015feleriyle ilgilendiklerini hemen hemen hi\u00e7<\/em> g\u00f6rm\u00fcyorlar.<\/p>\n

      Yorum<\/strong>: Robert Olson\u2019un Kodaman\u2019a yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 bu at\u0131fta, Kodaman, tarih\u00e7ilerin bir\u00e7o\u011funu, Osmanl\u0131n\u0131n Ermenilerin talep ve endi\u015feleriyle ilgilendiklerini g\u00f6remedi\u011finden dolay\u0131 ele\u015ftiriyor. Oysa \u00e7eviride sanki Osmanl\u0131lar\u0131n Ermenilerin talep ve endi\u015feleriyle hi\u00e7 ilgilenmedikleri gibi bir anlam ortaya \u00e7\u0131k\u0131yor.<\/p>\n

        \n
      1. Orijinal metin<\/strong>: Both Kurmanci and Zaza speakers participated in the rebellion, unlike 1925, when it was largely Zaza speakers who rebelled.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

        Kitaptaki \u00c7eviri<\/strong>: 1925\u2019ten farkl\u0131 olarak<\/em>, hem Kurmanciler hem de Zazalar isyana kat\u0131ld\u0131lar, fakat, daha \u00e7ok isyan eden Zaza\u2019lard\u0131. (s. 64)<\/p>\n

        Alternatif \u00c7eviri:<\/strong> B\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde Zazaca konu\u015fanlar\u0131n isyan ettikleri 1925\u2019ten farkl\u0131<\/em> olarak bu isyana hem Kurmanci konu\u015fanlar hem de Zazaca konu\u015fanlar kat\u0131ld\u0131lar.<\/p>\n

        Yorum<\/strong>: Burada \u015eeyh Said ve Ko\u00e7giri isyanlar\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131r\u0131l\u0131yor. Orijinal metinde \u015eeyh Said isyan\u0131na daha \u00e7ok Zazaca konu\u015fanlar\u0131n kat\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 ama Ko\u00e7giri isyan\u0131na ise hem Zazalar\u0131n hem de Kurmanclar\u0131n kat\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 belirtiliyor. Buradaki \u00e7eviride ise sanki Kurmanci konu\u015fanlar az, Zazaca konu\u015fanlar ise \u00e7ok isyan etmi\u015fler gibi bir anlam \u00e7\u0131k\u0131yor.<\/p>\n

          \n
        1. Orijinal metin<\/strong>: Much of the leadership for the organization of the rebellion had come from Istanbul, a rather distant place<\/em>.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

          Kitaptaki \u00c7eviri<\/strong>: \u00d6nder kadronun \u00f6nemli bir k\u0131sm\u0131 \u0130stanbul\u2019dan uzak, yabanc\u0131 bir \u015fehirden<\/em> gelmi\u015f bulunmaktayd\u0131. (s. 62)<\/p>\n

          Alternatif \u00c7eviri:<\/strong> \u0130syan\u0131 \u00f6rg\u00fctleyen \u00f6nder kadronun \u00f6nemli bir k\u0131sm\u0131 olduk\u00e7a uzak bir yerden, \u0130stanbul\u2019dan <\/em>gelmi\u015f bulunmaktayd\u0131.<\/p>\n

          Yorum:<\/strong> \u00c7eviride isyan\u0131 \u00f6rg\u00fctleyen kadrolar\u0131n \u00f6nemli bir k\u0131sm\u0131n\u0131n \u0130stanbul\u2019dan geldi\u011fi ger\u00e7e\u011fi kaybolup gidiyor ne yaz\u0131k ki.<\/p>\n

            \n
          1. Orijinal metin<\/strong>: They were impressed, however, by the ability of the Azadi to instigate a mutiny of half a Turkish regiment.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

            Kitaptaki \u00c7eviri<\/strong>: Bununla beraber, Azadi\u2019nin, kat\u0131lanlar\u0131n yar\u0131s\u0131<\/em> T\u00fcrklerden olu\u015fan bir ayaklanma ba\u015flatabilmesinden etkilendiler. (s. 82)<\/p>\n

            Alternatif \u00c7eviri:<\/strong> Bununla beraber, Azadi\u2019nin, yar\u0131s\u0131 T\u00fcrklerden olu\u015fan bir alayda<\/em> bir ayaklanma ba\u015flatabilmesinden etkilendiler.<\/p>\n

            Yorum<\/strong>: Ayaklanmaya kat\u0131lanlar\u0131n yar\u0131s\u0131 T\u00fcrk de\u011fildi, isyan\u0131n ba\u015flat\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 alay\u0131n yar\u0131s\u0131 T\u00fcrkt\u00fc, bu ikisi \u00e7ok farkl\u0131 \u015feyler.<\/p>\n

              \n
            1. Orijinal metin<\/strong>: Churchill seemed to be giving way<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

              Kitaptaki \u00c7eviri<\/strong>: Churchill yol de\u011fi\u015ftirmeye<\/em> ba\u015flad\u0131. (s. 108)<\/p>\n

              Alternatif \u00c7eviri:<\/strong> Churchill boyun e\u011fiyor gibi g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcyordu.<\/em><\/p>\n

              Yorum:<\/strong> Orijinal metinde Churcill ile sahada bulunan Cox\u2019un aras\u0131ndaki rekabetten bahsediliyor ve Churcill\u2019in m\u00fc\u015fte\u015far\u0131 James Masteron-Smith de Cox\u2019un yan\u0131nda yer al\u0131nca, Churcill art\u0131k boyun e\u011fmek zorunda kal\u0131yor.<\/p>\n

                \n
              1. Orijinal metin<\/strong>: He also had to rely on advice from a Middle East Department that had just been organized and was feeling its way<\/em> in terms of developing policy.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

                Kitaptaki \u00c7eviri<\/strong>: Hen\u00fcz te\u015fkilatland\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f olan Ortado\u011fu Masas\u0131n\u0131n tavsiyelerine g\u00f6re hareket etmek zorundayd\u0131 ve politika geli\u015ftirme a\u015famas\u0131nda bu te\u015fkilat\u0131n izledi\u011fi yol kendi hislerine uygundu<\/em>. (s. 128)<\/p>\n

                Alternatif \u00c7eviri:<\/strong> Ayr\u0131ca, daha yeni \u00f6rg\u00fctlenmi\u015f ve politika geli\u015ftirme konusunda el yordam\u0131yla ilerleyen<\/em> Orta Do\u011fu Masas\u0131ndan gelen tavsiyelere de g\u00fcvenmek zorundayd\u0131.<\/p>\n

                Yorum<\/strong>: Bahsedilen ki\u015fi Churcill\u2019dir ve \u00e7eviride sanki Churcill ile Ortado\u011fu masas\u0131n\u0131n fikirleri paralellik arz ediyor. Oysa orijinal metinde, s\u00f6m\u00fcrge bakan\u0131 olarak b\u00fct\u00fcn Britanya imparatorlu\u011fundan sorumlu olan Churcill\u2019in Ortado\u011fu masas\u0131n\u0131n tavsiyelerine g\u00fcvenmekten ba\u015fka yapaca\u011f\u0131 bir \u015feyin olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 anlat\u0131lmak isteniyor.<\/p>\n

                  \n
                1. Orijinal metin<\/strong>: On 12 August 1928, Sheikh Mehdi and Sheikh Abdurrahim, brothers of Sheikh Said, turned themselves in to<\/em> government officers in Mardin.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

                  Kitaptaki \u00c7eviri<\/strong>: \u015eeyh Said\u2019in karde\u015fleri \u015eeyh Mehdi ve \u015eeyh \u0130brahim, 12 A\u011fustos 1928\u2019de Mardin\u2019de h\u00fck\u00fcmet memuru olarak vazifeye ba\u015flad\u0131lar<\/em>. (s.187)<\/p>\n

                  Alternatif \u00c7eviri:<\/strong> 12 A\u011fustos 1928’de \u015eeyh Said’in karde\u015fleri \u015eeyh Mehdi ve \u015eeyh Abdurrahim, Mardin’de devlet yetkililerine teslim oldular<\/em>.<\/p>\n

                  Yorum<\/strong>: \u00c7evirmenler b\u00f6ylesine b\u00fcy\u00fck bir isyandan sonra isyana kat\u0131lanlar\u0131n ileri gelenlerden olan bu \u015fah\u0131slar\u0131n aftan sonra hemen devlet memuru olarak i\u015f ba\u015flamalar\u0131n\u0131 biraz gariplikle kar\u015f\u0131lam\u0131\u015f olsalard\u0131, bu \u00e7eviri hatas\u0131 ortaya belki hi\u00e7 \u00e7\u0131kmayacakt\u0131. T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de hangi isyandan sonra isyanc\u0131lar \u00e7\u0131kan aftan sonra hemen devlet memuru olarak i\u015fe ba\u015flad\u0131lar?<\/p>\n

                    \n
                  1. Orijinal metin<\/strong>:..but that “the documents seem to refer to period of 1919 & 1920 when ideas of Kurdish autonomy were very much to the fore<\/em>.”<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

                    Kitaptaki \u00c7eviri<\/strong>: Fakat “belgeler, K\u00fcrt otonomisi fikirlerinin hen\u00fcz ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7ta oldu\u011fu<\/em> 1919-1920 d\u00f6nemine ili\u015fkin gibi g\u00f6r\u00fcnmektedir. (s.192)<\/p>\n

                    Alternatif \u00c7eviri:<\/strong> ancak “belgeler, K\u00fcrt \u00f6zerkli\u011fi fikirlerinin \u00e7ok \u00f6n planda oldu\u011fu<\/em> 1919 ve 1920 d\u00f6nemine at\u0131fta bulunuyor gibi g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcyor.<\/p>\n

                    Yorum<\/strong>: Bahsedilen tarihlerde K\u00fcrtlere \u00f6zerklik vermenin \u00e7ok g\u00fcndemde oldu\u011fu ger\u00e7e\u011fi ne yaz\u0131k ki \u00e7eviride yitip gidiyor.<\/p>\n

                      \n
                    1. Orijinal metin<\/strong>: It was reported that Gustav Stresemann, the German foreign minister, had reprimanded<\/em> Herr Nadolny, German ambassador to Turkey, for encouraging Turkey to look for German support on Mosul.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

                      Kitaptaki \u00c7eviri<\/strong>: Raporlara g\u00f6re, Alman D\u0131\u015fi\u015fleri Bakan\u0131 Gustav Stresemann, Almanya\u2019n\u0131n T\u00fcrkiye B\u00fcy\u00fckel\u00e7isi Herr Nadolny’ye, Musul meselesinde Almanya’n\u0131n deste\u011fini elde etmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131 i\u00e7in T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin te\u015fvik edilmesi hususunda talimat vermi\u015f<\/em> bulunmaktayd\u0131. (s. 202)<\/p>\n

                      Alternatif \u00c7eviri:<\/strong> Almanya D\u0131\u015fi\u015fleri Bakan\u0131 Gustav Stresemann’\u0131n, Almanya’n\u0131n T\u00fcrkiye B\u00fcy\u00fckel\u00e7isi Herr Nadolny’yi, T\u00fcrkiye’yi Musul’da Alman deste\u011fi aramaya te\u015fvik etti\u011fi i\u00e7in azarlad\u0131\u011f\u0131 <\/em>bildirildi.<\/p>\n

                      Yorum<\/strong>: \u201cAzarlamak<\/em>\u201d anlam\u0131na gelen \u201creprimand<\/em>\u201d fiilinin nas\u0131l olup da birdenbire \u201ctalimat vermek<\/em>\u201d fiiline d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc do\u011frusunu s\u00f6ylemek gerekirse biz de \u00e7\u0131karamad\u0131k.<\/p>\n

                        \n
                      1. Orijinal metin<\/strong>: He added, however, that the Mosul question could not be resolved if the British, and the League of Nations, citing protection of Kurdish rights, attempted to use the Kurds of Iraq against Turkey, the country in which the majority of Kurds lived<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

                        Kitaptaki \u00c7eviri<\/strong>: Ancak, \u015fu hususu da ilave etmekteydi: \u0130ngiliz’ler ve K\u00fcrt hukukunu g\u00f6z \u00f6n\u00fcnde bulunduran Milletler Cemiyeti, K\u00fcrt ekseriyetinin ya\u015famakta oldu\u011fu T\u00fcrkiye\u2019ye kar\u015f\u0131 Irak K\u00fcrtleri’ni kullanma cihetine gitmedik\u00e7e<\/em> Musul meselesini de halledemezlerdi. (s. 198)<\/p>\n

                        Alternatif \u00c7eviri:<\/strong> Ancak Britanyal\u0131lar\u0131n ve Milletler Cemiyeti’nin K\u00fcrtlerin haklar\u0131n\u0131 koruyarak Irak K\u00fcrtlerini, K\u00fcrtlerin \u00e7o\u011funlu\u011funun ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 T\u00fcrkiye’ye kar\u015f\u0131 kullanmaya kalk\u0131\u015f\u0131rlarsa<\/em>, <\/strong>Musul sorununun \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fclemeyece\u011fini de s\u00f6zlerine ekledi.<\/p>\n

                        Yorum<\/strong>: Yukar\u0131daki metinde konu\u015fan ki\u015finin T\u00fcrk D\u0131\u015fi\u015fleri Bakan\u0131 Tevfik R\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc Bey\u2019in oldu\u011fu biliniyorsa, bu durumda onun K\u00fcrtleri T\u00fcrklere kar\u015f\u0131 kullanmazsan\u0131z, Musul sorununun \u00e7\u00f6zemezsiniz demek gibi bir l\u00fcks\u00fc herhalde olamaz!<\/p>\n

                        Tam anlam\u0131 verilmeyen kelime ve deyimler<\/strong><\/p>\n

                          \n
                        1. Orijinal metin<\/strong>: But these observations seemed to be a bit wide of the mark<\/em>.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

                          Kitaptaki \u00c7eviri<\/strong>: Fakat bu g\u00f6zlemler, kan\u0131tlanabilecek olandan bir miktar daha geni\u015f \u00e7apl\u0131d\u0131r<\/em>. (s. 34)<\/p>\n

                          Alternatif \u00c7eviri:<\/strong> Fakat bu g\u00f6zlemler biraz yanl\u0131\u015f gibi g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcyor.<\/p>\n

                          Yorum<\/strong>: Yazar burada ileri s\u00fcr\u00fclen arg\u00fcmanlar\u0131n biraz yanl\u0131\u015f oldu\u011funu hedefini tutturmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131k bir bi\u00e7imde ileri s\u00fcr\u00fcyor. Oysa \u00e7eviride bu a\u00e7\u0131kl\u0131k yerine daha \u00e7ok \u015f\u00fcpheye b\u0131rak\u0131yor.<\/p>\n

                            \n
                          1. Orijinal metin<\/strong>: The question to be asked is: would Kurdish nationalism have been stronger in the wake of<\/em> World War I if the Hamidiye had not existed?<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

                            Kitaptaki \u00c7eviri<\/strong>: Sorulmas\u0131 gereken soru \u015fudur: E\u011fer Hamidiye hi\u00e7 kurulmam\u0131\u015f olsayd\u0131, K\u00fcrt milliyet\u00e7ili\u011fi, Birinci D\u00fcnya Sava\u015f\u0131’n\u0131n e\u015fi\u011finde<\/em> daha g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc olabilir miydi? (s. 36)<\/p>\n

                            Alternatif \u00c7eviri:<\/strong> Sorulmas\u0131 gereken soru \u015fudur: Hamidiye kurulmam\u0131\u015f olsayd\u0131, Birinci D\u00fcnya Sava\u015f\u0131 sonras\u0131nda<\/em> K\u00fcrt milliyet\u00e7ili\u011fi daha g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc olur muydu?<\/p>\n

                            Yorum<\/strong>. Sava\u015f \u00f6ncesi ve sava\u015f sonras\u0131 birbirinden \u00e7ok farkl\u0131 iki d\u00f6nemi i\u00e7erir. Burada anlat\u0131lmak istenen Birinci D\u00fcnya Sava\u015f\u0131 sonras\u0131d\u0131r, bir ba\u015fka deyi\u015fle onu izleyen d\u00f6nem kastedilmektedir. Oysa \u00e7eviride \u201ce\u015fik<\/em>\u201d kelimesi kullan\u0131larak sava\u015f \u00f6ncesi duruma i\u015faret edilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

                              \n
                            1. Orijinal metin<\/strong>: The school was attended by Sayyid Kurdi or<\/em> Nursi<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

                              Kitaptaki \u00c7eviri<\/strong>: Said-i K\u00fcrdi veya<\/em> Nursi de bu okula devam edenler aras\u0131ndayd\u0131. (s. 37)<\/p>\n

                              Alternatif \u00c7eviri:<\/strong> Said-i K\u00fcrdi di\u011fer ad\u0131yla<\/em> Nursi de bu okula devam edenler aras\u0131ndayd\u0131.<\/p>\n

                              Yorum<\/strong>: \u0130ngilizce \u201cor<\/em>\u201d kelimesinin birincil anlam\u0131 \u201cveya\/ya da\u201d oldu\u011fu biliniyor ama burada ayn\u0131 ki\u015finin iki farkl\u0131 ad\u0131ndan bahsedildi\u011fi i\u00e7in \u201cdi\u011fer ad\u0131yla<\/em>\u201d kullan\u0131lmas\u0131 daha uygun d\u00fc\u015fmektedir. Yoksa konuya uzak olan bir okurun Said-K\u00fcrdi ile Nursi\u2019nin farkl\u0131 iki ki\u015fi oldu\u011funu varsayacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n

                                \n
                              1. Orijinal metin<\/strong>: First, it shows that a Kurdish nationalist leader like Halid Beg Cibran was rather late in seeing the danger<\/em> presented-bv Turkish nationalism and conversely seeing the advantage for the Kurds of having an Armenian presence in eastern Anatolia, especially with the small number of Armenians that remained after the massacres of 1915.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

                                Kitaptaki \u00c7eviri<\/strong>: Birincisi, Cibranl\u0131 Halit Bey gibi bir K\u00fcrt milliyet\u00e7i liderinin T\u00fcrk milliyet\u00e7ili\u011finden kaynaklanan durumun<\/em> \u00e7ok ge\u00e7 fark\u0131na vard\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ve Do\u011fu Anadolu’da \u00f6zellikle 1915 katliam\u0131ndan sonra say\u0131lar\u0131 azalm\u0131\u015f bulunan bir Ermeni az\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131n bulunmas\u0131n\u0131 K\u00fcrtler i\u00e7in avantaj olarak g\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc g\u00f6sterir.\u00a0 (s. 53)<\/p>\n

                                Alternatif \u00c7eviri:<\/strong> Birincisi, bu, Cibranl\u0131 Halit Bey gibi milliyet\u00e7i bir K\u00fcrt liderinin T\u00fcrk milliyet\u00e7ili\u011finden kaynaklanan tehlikeyi<\/em> g\u00f6rmede olduk\u00e7a ge\u00e7 kald\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131; buna kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k \u00f6zellikle 1915 katliam\u0131ndan sonra geride kalan az say\u0131daki n\u00fcfusuyla Do\u011fu Anadolu\u2019da bir Ermeni varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n bulunmas\u0131n\u0131n K\u00fcrtlerin avantaj\u0131na oldu\u011funu g\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc g\u00f6sterir.<\/p>\n

                                Yorum<\/strong>: \u201cDurum<\/em>\u201d \u00e7ok genel bir ifadedir oysa \u201ctehlike<\/em>\u201d anlam\u0131na gelen orijinal metindeki \u201cdanger<\/em>\u201d \u00e7ok spesifik bir kelimedir. Robert Olson burada T\u00fcrk milliyet\u00e7ili\u011finden kaynaklanan tehlikeye <\/em>i\u015faret ediyor. Ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7 d\u00fczeyinde \u0130ngilizce bilenlerin bile \u201cdanger<\/em>\u201d kelimesinin T\u00fcrk\u00e7ede \u201ctehlike<\/em>\u201d anlam\u0131na geldi\u011fini bildikleri halde, nas\u0131l oluyor da iki \u00e7evirmenin bu kelimeyi T\u00fcrk\u00e7eye \u201cdurum<\/em>\u201d olarak \u00e7evirebiliyorlar? Acaba s\u00f6z konusu c\u00fcmlede \u201cT\u00fcrk milliyet\u00e7ili\u011finden kaynaklanan<\/em>\u201d yerine \u201cK\u00fcrt milliyet\u00e7ili\u011finden kaynaklanan<\/em>\u201d olsayd\u0131 \u00e7evirmenler yine bu kelimeyi \u201cdurum<\/em>\u201d olarak \u00e7evirecekler miydi?<\/p>\n

                                  \n
                                1. Orijinal metin<\/strong>: Curzon represented the old guard<\/em>; Radcliffe and Trenchard the new<\/em>.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

                                  Kitaptaki \u00c7eviri<\/strong>: Curzon eski muhaf\u0131zlar\u0131<\/em> temsil ederken, Radcliffe ve Trenchard yenileri<\/em> temsil etmekteydi. (s. 91)<\/p>\n

                                  Alternatif \u00c7eviri:<\/strong> Curzon tutucular\u0131<\/em> temsil ederken, Radcliffe ve Trenchard de yenilik\u00e7ileri<\/em> temsil etmekteydi.<\/p>\n

                                  Yorum<\/strong>: \u201cOld guard<\/em>\u201d \u0130ngilizcede bir deyimdir ve \u201ctutucular<\/em>\u201d anlam\u0131na gelir. \u00c7evirmenler burada kelimenin bu deyimsel anlam\u0131n\u0131 es ge\u00e7mi\u015fler.<\/p>\n

                                    \n
                                  1. Orijinal metin<\/strong>: This, of course, could also be a weakness: the Sunni\/ Nak\u015fbandi\/Zaza-led rebellion may have been<\/em> stronger and more unified because of language and religious<\/em> The area of the rebellion was more confined than in 1925. The fact that the rebellion occurred in the dead of winter<\/em> prevented help from outside even if it had been forthcoming.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

                                    Kitaptaki \u00c7eviri<\/strong>: Ku\u015fkusuz bu da bir zay\u0131fl\u0131k olarak g\u00f6r\u00fclebilir. S\u00fcnni-Nak\u015fibendi ve Zaza olanlar taraf\u0131ndan y\u00f6netilen bir isyan lisan ve dil<\/em> homojenli\u011fi nedeniyle \u00e7ok daha kuvvetli ve birle\u015fmi\u015f olabilirdi<\/em>. \u0130syan\u0131n alan\u0131 ise 1925\u2019te oldu\u011fundan \u00e7ok daha s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131yd\u0131. \u0130syan\u0131n \u00f6l\u00fc k\u0131\u015f<\/em> mevsiminde patlak vermi\u015f olmas\u0131 da d\u0131\u015fardan yard\u0131m gelecek olsa bile bunu engelleyecek bir unsurdur<\/em>. (s. 64)<\/p>\n

                                    Alternatif \u00c7eviri:<\/strong> Ku\u015fkusuz bu da bir zay\u0131fl\u0131k olarak g\u00f6r\u00fclebilir. S\u00fcnni-Nak\u015fibendi ve Zaza olanlar taraf\u0131ndan y\u00f6netilen bir isyan dil ve din<\/em> homojenli\u011fi nedeniyle \u00e7ok daha kuvvetli ve birle\u015fmi\u015f olabilir<\/em>. \u0130syan\u0131n alan\u0131 ise 1925\u2019te oldu\u011fundan \u00e7ok daha s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131yd\u0131. \u0130syan\u0131n kara k\u0131\u015f\u0131n tam ortas\u0131nda <\/em>patlak vermi\u015f olmas\u0131 da d\u0131\u015fardan yard\u0131m gelecek olsa bile bunu engelleyecek bir unsurdu<\/em>.<\/p>\n

                                    Yorum<\/strong>: Yazar \u015eeyh Said isyan\u0131 ile Ko\u00e7giri isyan\u0131n\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131r\u0131rken, \u015eeyh Said isyan\u0131n\u0131n dil ve din homojenli\u011finden dolay\u0131 \u00e7ok daha kuvvetli ve birle\u015fik oldu\u011funa ili\u015fkin ge\u00e7mi\u015fe y\u00f6nelik kuvvetli bir olas\u0131l\u0131\u011fa vurgu yap\u0131yor, oysa \u00e7eviride bu olas\u0131l\u0131k \u201colabilirdi\u201d fiiliyle ortadan kalkm\u0131\u015f bulunuyor. Di\u011fer taraftan yazar isyan\u0131n kara k\u0131\u015f\u0131n tam ortas\u0131nda her taraf\u0131n karl\u0131 kapl\u0131 oldu\u011fu bir d\u00f6nemde patlak vermesinin, d\u0131\u015fardan gelecek herhangi bir yard\u0131m\u0131 \u00f6nledi\u011fini ileri s\u00fcr\u00fcyor, \u00e7eviride ise \u201c\u00f6l\u00fc k\u0131\u015f<\/em> mevsiminde\u201d denilerek istenilen bu anlam gerekti\u011fi gibi okura verilmiyor ne yaz\u0131k ki.<\/p>\n

                                      \n
                                    1. Orijinal metin<\/strong>: It is a good example of technology influencing politics and, as it turned out<\/em>, history.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

                                      Kitaptaki \u00c7eviri<\/strong>: Bu, teknolojinin siyaseti ve geli\u015fmekte olan tarihi<\/em> etkilenmesinin iyi bir \u00f6rne\u011fidir. (s. 89)<\/p>\n

                                      Alternatif \u00c7eviri:<\/strong> Bu, teknolojinin; siyaseti ve ortaya \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131\u011f\u0131 gibi<\/em>, tarihi etkiledi\u011finin iyi bir \u00f6rne\u011fidir.<\/p>\n

                                      Yorum<\/strong>: \u00c7evirmenler burada \u201cas it turned out<\/em>\u201d deyimini \u201cgeli\u015fmekte olan\u201d diye \u00e7evirmi\u015fler, oysa bu deyim T\u00fcrk\u00e7ede \u201coysa sonunda, sonu\u00e7 olarak, kan\u0131tland\u0131\u011f\u0131 vb.\u201d \u015fekilde \u00e7evrilebilir.<\/p>\n

                                        \n
                                      1. Orijinal metin<\/strong>: At a meeting of the political committee on 15 March 1921, Sir Percy Cox took issue with<\/em> the Middle East Department’s memorandum.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

                                        Kitaptaki \u00c7eviri<\/strong>: Siyasi heyetin 15 Mart 1921 tarihli bir toplant\u0131s\u0131nda, Sir Percy Cox, Ortado\u011fu Masas\u0131\u2019n\u0131n memorandumu hakk\u0131nda m\u00fct\u00e2l\u00e2alar\u0131n\u0131 ifade etti<\/em>. (s. 92)<\/p>\n

                                        Alternatif \u00c7eviri:<\/strong> Siyasi komitenin 15 Mart 1921 tarihinde yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir toplant\u0131da, Sir Percy Cox, Ortado\u011fu Masas\u0131\u2019n\u0131n memorandumuna kar\u015f\u0131 \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131<\/em>.<\/p>\n

                                        Yorum<\/strong>: \u201cTake issue with<\/em>\u201d T\u00fcrk\u00e7ede, \u201ckar\u015f\u0131 \u00e7\u0131kmak\u201d, \u201citiraz etmek\u201d vb. anlam\u0131na gelir. Oysa \u00e7evirmenlerin \u201cm\u00fctalaalar\u0131n\u0131 ifade etti\u201d deyimi ne yaz\u0131k ki bu anlam\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131layam\u0131yor.<\/p>\n

                                          \n
                                        1. Orijinal metin<\/strong>: The minutes on Cox’s telegram indicate that it was a report of “a very corrupt<\/em> telegram” that had been the background for Sir Percy Cox’s proposals (21 June telegram) with regard to Kurdistan and the modification of the Cairo program of military reduction.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

                                          Kitaptaki \u00c7eviri<\/strong>: Cox’un telgraf\u0131 \u00fczerine yaz\u0131lm\u0131\u015f muht\u0131ralarda, bu telgraf\u0131n Sir Percy Cox’un K\u00fcrdistan\u2019la ve askeri indirime y\u00f6nelik Kahire program\u0131n\u0131n de\u011fi\u015ftirilmesiyle ilgili \u00f6nerilerine (21 Haziran telgraf\u0131) temel te\u015fkil etmi\u015f “\u00e7ok rezil bir telgraf\u0131n<\/em>” bir \u00f6zeti oldu\u011funu belirtmektedir. (s. 104)<\/p>\n

                                          Alternatif \u00c7eviri:<\/strong> Cox’un telgraf\u0131ndaki tutanaklar, Sir Percy Cox’un K\u00fcrdistan ve Kahire’nin askeri azaltma program\u0131nda yap\u0131lan de\u011fi\u015fiklikle ilgili \u00f6nerilerinin (21 Haziran telgraf\u0131) arka plan\u0131n\u0131 olu\u015fturan \u015feyin, “\u00e7ok tahrif edilmi\u015f bir telgraf<\/em>“da yer alan raporun oldu\u011funu g\u00f6steriyor.<\/p>\n

                                          Yorum<\/strong>: Bir telgraf ne kadar rezil olur bilmiyoruz! Ama yazar\u0131n burada kastetmek iste\u011fi \u015fey telgraf\u0131n \u00fczerinde oynand\u0131\u011f\u0131, tahrif edildi\u011fidir.<\/p>\n

                                            \n
                                          1. Orijinal metin<\/strong>: “You will understand? uncertain and it will be specifically raised again in connection with elections for Constitutional? Assembly.”<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

                                            Kitaptaki \u00c7eviri<\/strong>: \u201cDe\u011fi\u015fken oldu\u011funu ve Anayasal (?) Meclis se\u00e7imleriyle ili\u015fkili olarak \u00f6zellikle yeniden y\u00fckselece\u011fini<\/em> anlayacaks\u0131n\u0131z (?)\u201d (s. 106)<\/p>\n

                                            Alternatif \u00c7eviri:<\/strong> \u201cBelirsizlik oldu\u011funu ve \u00f6zellikle Anayasal (?) Meclis se\u00e7imleriyle ili\u015fkili olarak yeniden g\u00fcndeme gelece\u011fini<\/em> anlayacaks\u0131n\u0131z (?)\u201d<\/p>\n

                                            Yorum<\/strong>: \u201cRaise<\/em>\u201d fiilinin bir\u00e7ok anlam\u0131 var, ne yaz\u0131k ki \u00e7evirmenler ba\u011flama bakmadan birincil anlam\u0131 olan \u201cy\u00fckselmek<\/em>\u201di kullanmay\u0131 tercih etmi\u015fler ama g\u00f6r\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc gibi c\u00fcmlede bir anlam ifade etmiyor.<\/p>\n

                                              \n
                                            1. Orijinal metin<\/strong>: The men<\/em> on the spot <\/em>in Baghdad were clearly outmaneuvering those in London.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

                                              Kitaptaki \u00c7eviri<\/strong>: Ba\u011fdat’taki adam<\/em> a\u00e7\u0131k Londra’dakileri a\u00e7\u0131k bir \u015fekilde devreden \u00e7\u0131karmaktayd\u0131. (s. 107)<\/p>\n

                                              Alternatif \u00c7eviri:<\/strong> Ba\u011fdat’taki olay yerindeki adamlar<\/em>, Londra’dakilere a\u00e7\u0131k bir bi\u00e7imde \u00fcst\u00fcnl\u00fck sa\u011flam\u0131\u015flard\u0131.<\/p>\n

                                              Yorum:<\/strong> Burada Ba\u011fdat\u2019ta sahada olup da i\u015f y\u00fcr\u00fctenlerle, Londra\u2019da masa ba\u015f\u0131ndakiler kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131r\u0131l\u0131yor.<\/p>\n

                                                \n
                                              1. Orijinal metin<\/strong>: “I regard it as a desperate measure<\/em>,\u201d he concluded.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

                                                Kitaptaki \u00c7eviri<\/strong>: \u201cBunun \u00fcmitsiz bir seviyede<\/em> olaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 zannederim\u201d diyerek bitirmekteydi. (s. 123)<\/p>\n

                                                Alternatif \u00c7eviri:<\/strong> “Tehlikeli bir \u00f6nlem olarak<\/em> g\u00f6r\u00fcyorum” diyerek s\u00f6zlerini noktalad\u0131.<\/p>\n

                                                Yorum:<\/strong> Orijinal metinde Lawrence, Britanya\u2019n\u0131n desteklemesi halinde T\u00fcrklere kar\u015f\u0131 bir K\u00fcrt isyan\u0131n\u0131n ba\u015far\u0131ya ula\u015faca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 inand\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ama bu isyan\u0131n sonunun K\u00fcrtler ile Ermeniler i\u00e7in iyi olmayaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6yledikten sonra, b\u00f6yle bir yola ba\u015fvurman\u0131n tehlike oldu\u011funu anlatmak i\u00e7in bu deyimi kullan\u0131yor.<\/p>\n

                                                  \n
                                                1. Orijinal metin<\/strong>: (1) that the present government has neglected to carry out the promises made to the Kurds by the previous cabinet; (2) that it has consistently<\/em> disregarded the warning reports sent in by the Valis;<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

                                                  Kitaptaki \u00c7eviri<\/strong>: (1) daha \u00f6nceki h\u00fck\u00fcmet taraf\u0131ndan verilen s\u00f6zleri yeni h\u00fck\u00fcmetin ihmal etmesi; (2) Valiler taraf\u0131ndan g\u00f6nderilen birbiriyle tutarl\u0131<\/em> ik\u00e2z raporlar\u0131n\u0131n dikkate al\u0131nmamas\u0131;<\/p>\n

                                                  Alternatif \u00c7eviri:<\/strong> (1) mevcut h\u00fck\u00fcmetin \u00f6nceki kabine taraf\u0131ndan K\u00fcrtlere<\/em> verilen s\u00f6zleri yerine getirmeyi ihmal etmesi; (2) Valiler taraf\u0131ndan g\u00f6nderilen uyar\u0131 raporlar\u0131n\u0131 s\u00fcrekli olarak<\/em> g\u00f6z ard\u0131 etmesi; (s. 137)<\/p>\n

                                                  Yorum<\/strong>: Her ne kadar \u201cconsistently<\/em>\u201d zarf\u0131 tutarl\u0131l\u0131k anlam\u0131na gelen \u201cconsistent<\/em>\u201d s\u0131fat\u0131ndan t\u00fcretilmi\u015f olsa da zarf olarak \u201cs\u00fcrekli olarak, devaml\u0131 olarak\u201d anlam\u0131nda kullan\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. Oriijinal metinde bu raporlar\u0131n birbirleriyle tutarl\u0131 olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131na dair hi\u00e7bir bilgi yok ama s\u00fcrekli olarak g\u00f6z ard\u0131 edildikleri kesin.<\/p>\n

                                                    \n
                                                  1. Orijinal metin<\/strong>: As indicated in chapter 2, Sheikh Said was one of the most outspoken<\/em> nationalists at the first Azadi congress held sometime in the late summer or early fall of 1924.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

                                                    Kitaptaki \u00c7eviri<\/strong>: 2. B\u00f6l\u00fcm de de belirtilmi\u015f oldu\u011fu gibi, \u015eeyh Said, 1924’te toplanan ilk Azad\u00ee kongresinin en faal<\/em> milliyet\u00e7i mensubuydu. (s. 155)<\/p>\n

                                                    Alternatif \u00c7eviri:<\/strong> B\u00f6l\u00fcm 2’de belirtildi\u011fi gibi, \u015eeyh Said, 1924’\u00fcn yaz sonu veya sonbahar ba\u015f\u0131nda bir ara yap\u0131lan ilk Azadi kongresinde en a\u00e7\u0131k s\u00f6zl\u00fc<\/em> milliyet\u00e7ilerden biriydi.<\/p>\n

                                                    Yorum<\/strong>: \u201cfaal\u201d ve \u201ca\u00e7\u0131k s\u00f6zl\u00fc\u201d olmak iki farkl\u0131 \u015feydir. Bilindi\u011fi gibi \u015eeyh Said, Halid Bey ve Yusuf Ziya Beyin tutuklanmas\u0131ndan sonra isyana liderlik yapmak zorunda kal\u0131yor. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla bu \u201cfaal<\/em>\u201d kelimesi bu duruma uygun d\u00fc\u015fm\u00fcyor zaten Robert Olson da b\u00f6yle s\u00f6ylemiyor.<\/p>\n

                                                      \n
                                                    1. Orijinal metin<\/strong>: his eyes were sometimes tinged with antimony<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

                                                      Kitaptaki \u00c7eviri<\/strong>: g\u00f6zleri \u015fehla<\/em> bakard\u0131. (s. 153)<\/p>\n

                                                      Alternatif \u00c7eviri:<\/strong> g\u00f6zleri bazen rast\u0131k<\/em> \u00e7ekiliydi.<\/p>\n

                                                      Yorum<\/strong>: Bilindi\u011fi kadar\u0131yla \u015eeyh Said\u2019in b\u00f6yle bir g\u00f6z kusuru yoktu, ama g\u00f6zlerine rast\u0131k \u00e7ekti\u011fi ve sakal\u0131na k\u0131na yakt\u0131\u011f\u0131 biliniyor.<\/p>\n

                                                        \n
                                                      1. Orijinal metin<\/strong>: and fighters for the cause would be raised.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

                                                        Kitaptaki \u00c7eviri<\/strong>: ve m\u00fccahitler isyan bayra\u011f\u0131n\u0131 a\u00e7acaklard\u0131<\/em>. (s. 162)<\/p>\n

                                                        Alternatif \u00c7eviri:<\/strong> ve dava i\u00e7in sava\u015f\u00e7\u0131lar yeti\u015ftirilecekti<\/em>.<\/p>\n

                                                        Yorum<\/strong>: Yine burada da \u201craise<\/em>\u201d fiilinin anlam\u0131 yanl\u0131\u015f se\u00e7ilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

                                                          \n
                                                        1. Orijinal metin<\/strong>: This same phrase is quoted in van Bruinessen, Agha, Shaikh and State, p. 394, but he uses “indissolubly” whereas my notes indicate that the word is “indivisibly”\u2026<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

                                                          Kitaptaki \u00c7eviri<\/strong>: Ayn\u0131 safha<\/em>, van Bruinessen “Indissolubly\u201d (\u00e7\u00f6z\u00fclemez<\/em>) kelimesini kullan\u0131rken benim notlar\u0131m kelimenin “Indivisibly” (b\u00f6l\u00fcnemez) oldu\u011funu\u2026 (s. 295, n. 3)<\/p>\n

                                                          Alternatif \u00c7eviri:<\/strong> Bu ayn\u0131 ifade<\/em> van Bruinessen, Agha, Shaikh ve State, s. 394\u2019de aktar\u0131l\u0131yor, ama van Bruinessen bu kelimeyi “Indissolubly\u201d (ayr\u0131lmaz<\/em>) olarak kullan\u0131yor, oysa benim notlar\u0131m ise kelimenin “”Indivisibly” (b\u00f6l\u00fcnemez) oldu\u011funu \u2026;<\/p>\n

                                                          Yorum<\/strong>: \u201cPhrase<\/em>\u201d kelimesi hem \u201csafha\u201d hem de \u201cdeyim, ifade\u201d anlam\u0131na gelir, g\u00f6r\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc gibi \u00e7evirmenler burada yanl\u0131\u015f olan anlam\u0131 se\u00e7mi\u015fler.<\/p>\n

                                                            \n
                                                          1. Orijinal metin<\/strong>: Elaz\u0131\u011f remained in a state of panic as news reached it that \u00c7emi\u015fkezek, north of Elaz\u0131\u011f and north of the Murat Su River, had been plundered by the Dersim Kurds;<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

                                                            Kitaptaki \u00c7eviri<\/strong>: Elaz\u0131\u011f’\u0131n ve Murad Suyu\u2019nun kuzeyinde bulunan \u00c7emi\u015fkezek halk\u0131n\u0131n Dersim K\u00fcrtleri taraf\u0131ndan k\u0131l\u0131\u00e7tan ge\u00e7irildi\u011fi<\/em> haberi de gelince Elaz\u0131\u011f\u2019daki panik hayli \u015fiddetlendi; (s. 167)<\/p>\n

                                                            Alternatif \u00c7eviri:<\/strong> Elaz\u0131\u011f’\u0131n kuzeyi ve Murat Suyunun kuzeyinde yer alan \u00c7emi\u015fkezek’in Dersim K\u00fcrtleri taraf\u0131ndan ya\u011fmaland\u0131\u011f\u0131<\/em> haberinin gelmesiyle Elaz\u0131\u011f panik i\u00e7inde kald\u0131;<\/p>\n

                                                            Yorum:<\/strong> \u201cK\u0131l\u0131\u00e7tan ge\u00e7irmek<\/em>\u201d ile \u201cYa\u011fmalamak<\/em>\u201d iki ayr\u0131 \u015feyler. En hafif deyimiyle biri insanlara, di\u011feri ise e\u015fyalara y\u00f6nelik bir sald\u0131r\u0131d\u0131r. Kald\u0131 ki t\u00fcfek icat oldu\u011fundan beri sava\u015flarda kimse k\u0131l\u0131\u00e7 kullanm\u0131yor! Di\u011fer yandan e\u011fer bu eylemi yapan Dersim K\u00fcrtleri de\u011fil de T\u00fcrkler olsayd\u0131, \u201ck\u0131l\u0131\u00e7tan ge\u00e7irmek<\/em>\u201d deyimi yine kullan\u0131l\u0131r m\u0131yd\u0131? diye d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnemeden edemiyor insan.<\/p>\n

                                                              \n
                                                            1. Orijinal metin:<\/strong> and (5) a rebellion raised the possibility that the Kurds would be abandoned by the British and then left to be massacred<\/em> by the Turks<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

                                                              Kitaptaki \u00c7eviri<\/strong>: 5) Ve b\u00f6yle bir isyan, K\u00fcrtler’in \u0130ngilizlerce yaln\u0131z b\u0131rak\u0131lmas\u0131 ve T\u00fcrkler’in zulm\u00fcne<\/em> terkedilmeleri olas\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 da beraberinde getirebilirdi. (s. 191)<\/p>\n

                                                              Alternatif \u00c7eviri:<\/strong> 5) yap\u0131lacak bir isyan, K\u00fcrtlerin Britanyal\u0131lar taraf\u0131ndan terk edilme ve ard\u0131ndan T\u00fcrkler taraf\u0131ndan katledilmeye<\/em> terk edilme olas\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 art\u0131r\u0131rd\u0131.<\/p>\n

                                                              Yorum:<\/strong> Zul\u00fcm ile katliam aras\u0131nda da\u011flar kadar fark var!<\/p>\n

                                                                \n
                                                              1. Orijinal metin<\/strong>: The Turkish govt, pretended to take the view that the movement is reactionary and due to certain influences playing on the religious instincts of the rebels.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

                                                                Kitaptaki \u00c7eviri<\/strong>: “T\u00fcrk h\u00fck\u00fcmeti hareketin tepkisel<\/em> oldu\u011fu ve asilerin dini duygular\u0131 \u00fczerinde oynayan belli etkiler nedeniyle olu\u015ftu\u011fu g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fc benimsemi\u015f g\u00f6r\u00fcnmektedir.<\/p>\n

                                                                Alternatif \u00c7eviri:<\/strong> T\u00fcrk h\u00fck\u00fcmeti, hareketin irticai<\/em> oldu\u011fu ve isyanc\u0131lar\u0131n dini i\u00e7g\u00fcd\u00fcleri \u00fczerinde oynanarak yarat\u0131lan baz\u0131 etkilerden kaynakland\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcndeymi\u015f gibi davrand\u0131.\u201d<\/p>\n

                                                                Yorum:<\/strong> Bilindi\u011fi gibi herhangi bir dilde herhangi bir kelimenin bir\u00e7ok anlam\u0131 olabilir. E\u011fer \u00e7eviride kelimenin anlam\u0131 konu ba\u011flam\u0131nda do\u011fru kullan\u0131lmazsa, ne yaz\u0131k ki bir\u00e7ok \u015fey kaybolup gider.<\/p>\n

                                                                  \n
                                                                1. Orijinal metin<\/strong>: This in turn would strengthen the resolve of the Kurds in Turkey not to assimilate with the Turks.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

                                                                  Kitaptaki \u00c7eviri<\/strong>: Bu, T\u00fcrkiye’deki K\u00fcrtler’in T\u00fcrkler’le kayna\u015fmaya<\/em> g\u00f6sterecekleri mukavemeti g\u00fc\u00e7lendirecekti.<\/p>\n

                                                                  Alternatif \u00c7eviri:<\/strong> Bu da T\u00fcrkiye’deki K\u00fcrtlerin T\u00fcrklerle asimile olmama<\/em> kararl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00fc\u00e7lendirecektir.<\/p>\n

                                                                  Yorum:<\/strong> Kayna\u015fma ve asimile olma iki farkl\u0131 \u015feydir. Kayna\u015fmada insan \u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fc ve benli\u011fini yitirmez, oysa asimile olmak tam da b\u00f6yle bir \u015feydir. Ke\u015fke T\u00fcrkler ve K\u00fcrtler hep kayna\u015fm\u0131\u015f bir bi\u00e7imde i\u00e7 i\u00e7e ya\u015fam\u0131\u015f olsalard\u0131 ama ne yaz\u0131k ki durum hi\u00e7 de b\u00f6yle de\u011fil.<\/p>\n

                                                                  \u00c7eviride kaybolan ince anlam kay\u0131plar\u0131<\/strong><\/p>\n

                                                                    \n
                                                                  1. Orijinal metin<\/strong>: Some estimates are as low as 10,000. I found few estimates lower than 10,000, and no sources stated that 20,000 or more fighters were mobilized.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

                                                                    Kitaptaki \u00c7eviri<\/strong>: Baz\u0131 tahminler, 10.000 gibi bir rakama kadar d\u00fc\u015febilmektedir. 10.000’den daha k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck ve 20.000\u2019den daha b\u00fcy\u00fck rakamlar \u00f6ne s\u00fcren kaynaklara rastland\u0131<\/em>. (s. 155)<\/p>\n

                                                                    Alternatif \u00c7eviri:<\/strong> Baz\u0131 tahminler 10.000 kadar d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck bir rakam veriyor. 10.000’den daha d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck \u00e7ok az say\u0131da tahmine rastlad\u0131m ve 20.000 ya da daha fazla sava\u015f\u00e7\u0131n\u0131n seferber edildi\u011fini belirten hi\u00e7bir kaynak yoktur<\/em>.<\/p>\n

                                                                    Yorum: <\/strong>Robert Olson 20 binden b\u00fcy\u00fck rakam ileri s\u00fcren hi\u00e7bir<\/em> kayna\u011f\u0131n olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6ylemesine ra\u011fmen, \u00e7eviride bu rakamlar\u0131 \u00f6ne s\u00fcren kaynaklara rastland\u0131\u011f\u0131 ileri s\u00fcr\u00fcl\u00fcyor.<\/p>\n

                                                                      \n
                                                                    1. Orijinal metin<\/strong>: As a result, the Kurds supported the Turkish effort, which allowed them to get rid of the remaining Armenians.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

                                                                      Kitaptaki \u00c7eviri<\/strong>: Netice itibar\u0131yla, K\u00fcrtler, kendilerine kalan<\/em> Ermeniler’den de kurtaran T\u00fcrk gayretlerini desteklediler. (s. 48)<\/p>\n

                                                                      Alternatif \u00c7eviri:<\/strong> Netice itibar\u0131yla, K\u00fcrtler T\u00fcrklerin bu gayretlerini desteklediler, bu da onlara geride kalan<\/em> Ermenilerden kurtulmalar\u0131na olanak sa\u011flad\u0131.<\/p>\n

                                                                      Yorum:<\/strong> Burada bir\u00e7ok Ermenin \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fcld\u00fckten ya da s\u00fcrg\u00fcne g\u00f6nderildikten sonra geride kalan Ermeniler kastedilmektedir.<\/p>\n

                                                                        \n
                                                                      1. Orijinal metin<\/strong>: After selling the sheep, Ali Riza had gone to Ankara and Istanbul to consult with members of the Society for the Rise of Kurdistan and with Sayyid Abdul Qadir, although the latter was not, apparently, an official member of the Azadi.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

                                                                        Kitaptaki \u00c7eviri<\/strong>: Ali R\u0131za, koyunlar\u0131 satt\u0131ktan sonra, K\u00fcrdistan Te\u00e2li Cemiyeti \u00fcyeleri ve Azadi mensubu oldu\u011fu anla\u015f\u0131lan<\/em> Seyyit Abd\u00fclkadir ile isti\u015farede bulunmak \u00fczere Ankara ve \u0130stanbul’a gitmi\u015fti. (s. 142)<\/p>\n

                                                                        Alternatif \u00c7eviri:<\/strong> Ali R\u0131za, koyunlar\u0131 satt\u0131ktan sonra K\u00fcrdistan Te\u00e2li Cemiyeti \u00fcyeleri ve g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fc\u015fe g\u00f6re Azadi’nin resmi bir \u00fcyesi olmasa da<\/em> Seyyid Abd\u00fclkadir ile isti\u015farede bulunmak \u00fczere Ankara ve \u0130stanbul’a gitmi\u015fti.<\/p>\n

                                                                          \n
                                                                        1. Orijinal metin<\/strong>: The goal of nationalists who were striving for a unified Kurdistan resulted in their lack of support for those Kurds who advocated independence, even as a region of Turkey.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

                                                                          Kitaptaki \u00c7eviri<\/strong>: T\u00fcrkiye’nin bir b\u00f6lgesi bile olsa birle\u015fik bir K\u00fcrdistan i\u00e7in m\u00fccadele eden K\u00fcrt milliyet\u00e7ilerinin<\/em> bu hedefleri, ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131k i\u00e7in m\u00fccadele eden di\u011fer K\u00fcrtler\u2019e destek vermemeleri sonucunu verecekti. (s. 49)<\/p>\n

                                                                          Alternatif \u00c7eviri:<\/strong> Birle\u015fik bir K\u00fcrdistan i\u00e7in \u00e7abalayan milliyet\u00e7ilerin hedefi, T\u00fcrkiye’nin bir b\u00f6lgesi olarak bile olsa<\/em> ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131 savunan K\u00fcrtlere destek vermemeleriyle sonu\u00e7land\u0131.<\/p>\n

                                                                          Yorum: <\/strong>G\u00f6r\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc gibi \u00e7eviride kimin kime destek verdi\u011fi belli de\u011fil.<\/strong><\/p>\n

                                                                            \n
                                                                          1. Orijinal metin<\/strong>: In addition to all of the resources of an expanding state, the fact is that many Kurds, in the region of the rebellion and outside of it<\/em>, supported Mustafa Kemal for many reasons.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

                                                                            Kitaptaki \u00c7eviri<\/strong>: Ger\u00e7ek \u015fu ki, geni\u015flemekte olan bir devletin elinde toplad\u0131\u011f\u0131 kaynaklar\u0131n yan\u0131s\u0131ra, K\u00fcrtler, ba\u015fka nedenlerde de<\/em> Mustafa Kemal\u2019i desteklemekteydiler. (s. 64-5)<\/p>\n

                                                                            Alternatif \u00c7eviri:<\/strong> Ger\u00e7ek \u015fu ki, geni\u015flemekte olan bir devletin elinde toplad\u0131\u011f\u0131 kaynaklar\u0131n yan\u0131 s\u0131ra, isyan\u0131n oldu\u011fu b\u00f6lgedeki ve bu b\u00f6lgenin d\u0131\u015f\u0131ndaki pek \u00e7ok K\u00fcrt bir\u00e7ok nedenden<\/em> dolay\u0131 Mustafa Kemal\u2019i destekledi.<\/p>\n

                                                                            Yorum<\/strong>: \u00c7eviride Mustafa Kemal\u2019a b\u00fct\u00fcn K\u00fcrtlerin destek verdi\u011fi anlam\u0131 \u00e7\u0131k\u0131yor, oysa orijinal metinde pek \u00e7ok K\u00fcrt\u2019ten bahsediliyor.<\/p>\n

                                                                              \n
                                                                            1. Orijinal metin<\/strong>: Faysal told Cox that the question of Kurdistan had further aspect for him as King of Iraq which had probably not been fully considered by us.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

                                                                              Kitaptaki \u00c7eviri<\/strong>: Faysal, Cox’a \u015f\u00f6yle demi\u015fti: K\u00fcrdistan sorununun, Irak Kral\u0131 olarak ona g\u00f6re muhtemelen bizim taraf\u0131m\u0131zdan d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclm\u00fc\u015f olan ba\u015fka<\/em> ve\u00e7heleri vard\u0131. (s. 106)<\/p>\n

                                                                              Alternatif \u00c7eviri:<\/strong> Faysal, Cox’a, K\u00fcrdistan sorununun, Irak Kral\u0131 olarak kendisi i\u00e7in, muhtemelen bizim taraf\u0131m\u0131zdan tam olarak ele al\u0131nmam\u0131\u015f olan ba\u015fka bir y\u00f6n\u00fcn<\/em> oldu\u011funu s\u00f6yledi.<\/p>\n

                                                                                \n
                                                                              1. Orijinal metin<\/strong>: In order to support these goals, the Kurdish officers made three requests: that a British officer accompany Kurdish officers from Baghdad to the frontier zones where the movements would be instigated<\/em>;<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

                                                                                Kitaptaki \u00c7eviri<\/strong>: Bu ama\u00e7lar\u0131 desteklemek i\u00e7in, K\u00fcrt Subaylar \u00fc\u00e7 istekte bulundular: Bir \u0130ngiliz subay\u0131n\u0131n hareket i\u00e7in tahrik \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 s\u0131ras\u0131nda \u00f6n cephelerde<\/em> K\u00fcrt subaylara e\u015flik etmesi; (s. 76)<\/p>\n

                                                                                Alternatif \u00c7eviri:<\/strong> Bu ama\u00e7lar\u0131 desteklemek i\u00e7in, K\u00fcrt Subaylar \u00fc\u00e7 istekte bulundular: Britanyal\u0131 bir subay\u0131n\u0131n Ba\u011fdat\u2019tan hareketlerin ba\u015flat\u0131laca\u011f\u0131 s\u0131n\u0131r b\u00f6lgelerine kadar<\/em> K\u00fcrt subaylara e\u015flik etmesi;<\/p>\n

                                                                                Yorum<\/strong>: G\u00f6r\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc gibi orijinal metinde her ne kadar \u201cinstigate<\/em>\u201d fiilinin anlamlar\u0131ndan birinin \u201ck\u0131\u015fk\u0131rtma<\/em> ve tahrik etme<\/em>\u201d olsa da burada bu ba\u011flama hi\u00e7 mi hi\u00e7 uymamaktad\u0131r. Bu fiilin birinci anlam\u0131 olan \u201cba\u015flatmak<\/em>\u201d ba\u011flama tam\u0131 tam\u0131na uymaktad\u0131r. Zaten K\u00fcrtler hareketin ba\u015flat\u0131laca\u011f\u0131 s\u0131n\u0131r b\u00f6lgelerine gitmek istiyorlar ve buralara g\u00fcvenli bir \u015fekilde gitmeleri i\u00e7in Britanyal\u0131lardan bir subaylar\u0131n\u0131n kendilerine e\u015flik etmelerini talep etmektedirler. Yoksa K\u00fcrtler \u201c\u0130ngilizlerden gelin tahrik \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalara kat\u0131l\u0131n\u201d diye bir talepleri yoktur. Kald\u0131 ki \u0130ngilizler gidip kimi tahrik edecekler!<\/p>\n

                                                                                  \n
                                                                                1. Orijinal metin<\/strong>: If members of the league expected Britain to underwrite sanctions on a worldwide basis (e.g., through the Geneva Protocol of 1924), they should not drag their feet on the Mosul question.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

                                                                                  Kitaptaki \u00c7eviri<\/strong>: Cemiyet mensuplar\u0131, Britanya\u2019n\u0131n d\u00fcnya \u00e7ap\u0131nda m\u00fceyyideler dayatmas\u0131 beklentisi i\u00e7inde iseler (mesela, 1924 Cenevre Protokol\u00fc\u2019nde oldu\u011fu gibi), Musul meselesine burunlar\u0131n\u0131 sokmamal\u0131yd\u0131lar<\/em>. (s. 200)<\/p>\n

                                                                                  Alternatif \u00c7eviri:<\/strong> Birli\u011fin \u00fcyeleri, Britanya\u2019n\u0131n d\u00fcnya \u00e7ap\u0131nda yapt\u0131r\u0131mlar \u00fcstlenmesini bekliyorlarsa (\u00f6rne\u011fin, 1924 Cenevre Protokol\u00fc arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla), Musul sorununu a\u011f\u0131rdan almamalar\u0131 gerekir. <\/em><\/p>\n

                                                                                  Yorum<\/strong>: Konu\u015fan ki\u015fi Birle\u015fmi\u015f Milletlerin Musul sorununu a\u011f\u0131rdan almas\u0131n\u0131, oyalamas\u0131n\u0131 ele\u015ftiriyor, yoksa neden bu i\u015fe burnunu soktu\u011funu de\u011fil! Zaten orijinal metindeki \u201cdrag one’s feet<\/em>\u201d deyimi T\u00fcrk\u00e7ede, \u201ca\u011f\u0131rdan almak, ayak s\u00fcrmek vb.\u201d anlam\u0131na gelmektedir.<\/p>\n

                                                                                    \n
                                                                                  1. Orijinal metin<\/strong>: He was told that this was a matter concerning Turkey alone and that we could not discuss the question at all. He thereupon departed, shaking the dust of his feet upon us.”<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

                                                                                    Kitaptaki \u00c7eviri<\/strong>: Kendisine, bunun yaln\u0131zca T\u00fcrkiye\u2019yi ilgilendiren bir mesele oldu\u011fu ve bu sorunu tart\u0131\u015famayaca\u011f\u0131m\u0131z s\u00f6ylendi\u011finde aya\u011f\u0131n\u0131n tozunu \u00fczerimize silkerek, ayr\u0131ld\u0131”. (s. 195)<\/p>\n

                                                                                    Alternatif \u00c7eviri:<\/strong> Kendisine bunun sadece T\u00fcrkiye’yi ilgilendiren bir konu oldu\u011fu ve bu konuyu hi\u00e7 tart\u0131\u015famayaca\u011f\u0131m\u0131z s\u00f6ylendi. Bunun \u00fczerine \u00f6fkeyle \u00e7ekip gitti.”<\/p>\n

                                                                                    Yorum: <\/strong>Herhangi bir dilde baz\u0131 deyimler kelime kelimesine \u00e7evrildi\u011finde, anlam kayb\u0131na ya da yanl\u0131\u015f anlamalara sebep olabilir.<\/p>\n

                                                                                      \n
                                                                                    1. Orijinal metin<\/strong>: Thus, says \u00d6zbudun, “an implicit trade off materialized between the two groups\u2026<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

                                                                                      Kitaptaki \u00c7eviri<\/strong>: \u00d6zbudun \u015f\u00f6yle s\u00f6yler: bu nedenle \u201ciki grup aras\u0131nda kati<\/em> bir de\u011fi\u015f toku\u015f ger\u00e7ekle\u015fti. (s. 301, n. 5)<\/p>\n

                                                                                      Alternatif \u00c7eviri:<\/strong> \u00d6zbudun \u015f\u00f6yle s\u00f6yler: bu nedenle “iki grup aras\u0131nda z\u0131mn\u00ee<\/em> bir de\u011fi\u015f toku\u015f ger\u00e7ekle\u015fti.<\/p>\n

                                                                                      Yorum:<\/strong> Zimni<\/em> ve kati<\/em> \u00e7ok farkl\u0131 iki \u015feydir.<\/p>\n

                                                                                        \n
                                                                                      1. Orijinal metin<\/strong>: It was stated in chapter 5 that seventeen of the eighteen military engagements in which the Turkish military fought from 1924 to 1938 occurred in Kurdistan.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

                                                                                        Kitaptaki \u00c7eviri<\/strong>: T\u00fcrk ordusunun 1924\u2019ten 1938\u2019e kadar K\u00fcrdistan\u2019da onyedi veya onsekiz \u00e7arp\u0131\u015fmaya <\/em>girmi\u015f oldu\u011fu V. b\u00f6l\u00fcmde belirtilmi\u015ftir. (s. 239)<\/p>\n

                                                                                        Alternatif \u00c7eviri:<\/strong> T\u00fcrk ordusunun 1924’ten 1938’e kadar sava\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 on sekiz askeri \u00e7at\u0131\u015fman\u0131n on yedisinin K\u00fcrdistan’da<\/em> ger\u00e7ekle\u015fti\u011fi B\u00f6l\u00fcm 5’te belirtilmi\u015fti.<\/p>\n

                                                                                        Yorum<\/strong>: Burada yazar biri hari\u00e7 yap\u0131lan b\u00fct\u00fcn \u00e7at\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n K\u00fcrdistan\u2019da ge\u00e7ti\u011fini \u0131srarla vurgulamak istiyor ama ne yaz\u0131k ki bu anlam \u00e7eviride kaybolup gitmi\u015f.<\/p>\n

                                                                                          \n
                                                                                        1. Orijinal metin<\/strong>: But it was not until the first part of November that Aristide Briand, the French foreign minister, announced that no more troops would be allowed to pass eastward than passed westward\u2014that is, the troops going eastward must be reliefs and not reinforcements.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

                                                                                          Kitaptaki \u00c7eviri<\/strong>: Buna ra\u011fmen, Frans\u0131z D\u0131\u015fi\u015fleri Bakan\u0131 Aristide Briand, Bat\u0131 istikametindeki sevkiyat\u0131n d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda Do\u011fu istikametinde hi\u00e7 bir askeri sevk\u0131yata m\u00fcsaade edilmeyece\u011fini<\/em>– yani takviye kuvvetlerin de\u011fil, yaln\u0131zca terhislerin sevkiyat\u0131na m\u00fcsaade edilece\u011fini-a\u00e7\u0131klamak i\u00e7in Kas\u0131m\u2019\u0131n ilk g\u00fcnlerini bekliyecekti. (s. 203-4)<\/p>\n

                                                                                          Alternatif \u00c7eviri:<\/strong> Ama Frans\u0131z d\u0131\u015fi\u015fleri bakan\u0131 Aristide Briand, bat\u0131ya do\u011fru ge\u00e7enden daha fazla askerin do\u011fuya ge\u00e7mesine izin verilmeyece\u011fini<\/em>, yani do\u011fuya do\u011fru giden birliklerin takviye de\u011fil, insani yard\u0131m ekiplerin olmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fini ancak Kas\u0131m ay\u0131n\u0131n ilk yar\u0131s\u0131nda a\u00e7\u0131klad\u0131.<\/p>\n

                                                                                          Uzun ve anla\u015f\u0131lmayan C\u00fcmleler<\/strong><\/p>\n

                                                                                            \n
                                                                                          1. Orijinal metin<\/strong>: It was clear to British intelligence and to<\/em> British officials who had some sympathy for the Kurds that generous treatment of Kurds in Iraq and emigrant Kurds and encouragement of their national sensibilities, if they could be reduced to practical terms, \u201cwould repay themselves over and over again.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

                                                                                            Kitaptaki \u00c7eviri<\/strong>: Irak\u2019taki K\u00fcrtler\u2019e ve g\u00f6\u00e7men K\u00fcrtler\u2019e c\u00f6mert davranman\u0131n ve milliyet\u00e7i duygular\u0131n\u0131 desteklemenin \u201ctekrar ve tekrar edecekler<\/em>\u201d gibi pratik ifadelere indirgenebilmesine ba\u011fl\u0131<\/em> oldu\u011fu, K\u00fcrtler\u2019e sempati duyan \u0130ngiliz istihbarat\u0131 ve subaylar\u0131 i\u00e7in a\u015fik\u00e2rd\u0131. (s. 82)<\/p>\n

                                                                                            Alternatif \u00c7eviri:<\/strong> E\u011fer prati\u011fe ge\u00e7irilebilirse<\/em>, Irak’taki K\u00fcrtlere ve g\u00f6\u00e7men K\u00fcrtlere kar\u015f\u0131 c\u00f6mert davran\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131n ve ulusal duyarl\u0131l\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131n te\u015fvik edilmesinin, <\/strong>\u201ckar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 defalarca geri verece\u011fi\u201d,<\/em> Britanya istihbarat\u0131na ve K\u00fcrtlere kar\u015f\u0131 biraz sempati besleyen Britanyal\u0131 yetkililer i\u00e7in a\u015fik\u00e2rd\u0131.<\/p>\n

                                                                                            Yorum<\/strong>: \u00c7eviri zaten anla\u015f\u0131lm\u0131yor ondan vazge\u00e7tik ama orijinal metinde yazar ilgi c\u00fcmleci\u011fi yanl\u0131\u015f anla\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131n diye \u201cand<\/em>\u201d ba\u011flac\u0131yla ba\u011flanan bu yap\u0131ya \u00f6zellikle iki kere ayr\u0131 \u201cto<\/em>\u201d edat\u0131n\u0131 eklemesine ra\u011fmen, \u00e7evirmenler bu s\u00f6z \u00f6beklerini birle\u015ftirmi\u015fler, dolay\u0131s\u0131yla bu sayede \u0130ngiliz istihbarat\u0131n K\u00fcrtlere sempati duydu\u011funu anlam\u0131\u015f oluyoruz okur olarak!<\/p>\n

                                                                                              \n
                                                                                            1. Orijinal metin<\/strong>: \u2026\u201cIt is amusing to see Feisal relying on the Kurds, who certainly never asked him as allies against the Shi’ahs who were supposed to be in revolt last year precisely because they couldn’t get Feisal.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

                                                                                              Kitaptaki \u00c7eviri<\/strong>: “Faysal’\u0131n, \u00f6zellikle Faysal\u2019\u0131 indiremedikleri i\u00e7in ge\u00e7en y\u0131l isyana kat\u0131ld\u0131klar\u0131 san\u0131lan \u015eiiler’e kar\u015f\u0131 onun hi\u00e7bir zaman m\u00fcttefiki olmay\u0131 kesinlikle istememi\u015f olan K\u00fcrtler’e g\u00fcvenmesi e\u011flendirici. (s. 107)<\/p>\n

                                                                                              Alternatif \u00c7eviri:<\/strong> Faysal’\u0131n, ge\u00e7en y\u0131l tam da onu ikna edemedikleri i\u00e7in isyan \u00e7\u0131karmas\u0131 beklenen \u015eiilere kar\u015f\u0131 kendisinden m\u00fcttefik olmas\u0131n\u0131 hi\u00e7bir zaman istememi\u015f olan K\u00fcrtlere g\u00fcvendi\u011fini g\u00f6rmek ger\u00e7ekten komik.<\/p>\n

                                                                                              Yorum:<\/strong> G\u00f6r\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc gibi kitaptaki \u00e7eviride kim kimi indirememi\u015f, kim isyana kat\u0131lm\u0131\u015f kim kat\u0131lmam\u0131\u015f belli de\u011fil!<\/p>\n

                                                                                                \n
                                                                                              1. Orijinal metin<\/strong>: The only obstacle to the implementation of this policy was the threat of Turkey, which had a twofold policy: reliance upon the community of religion to incite Kurds against British and reliance upon anti-Arab prejudice to incite the Kurds against the Arabs.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

                                                                                                Kitaptaki \u00c7eviri<\/strong>: Bu politikan\u0131n uygulanmas\u0131na engel te\u015fkil eden tek \u015fey, ikili bir politika izleyen K\u00fcrtler\u2019i<\/em> \u0130ngilizler\u2019e kar\u015f\u0131 k\u0131\u015fk\u0131rtmak i\u00e7in \u2018\u00fcmmet\u2019i, dini \u00f6n yarg\u0131lar\u0131 ve K\u00fcrtler\u2019i\u00a0 Araplar\u2019a kar\u015f\u0131 k\u0131\u015fk\u0131rtmak i\u00e7in Arap ve kar\u015f\u0131t\u0131 \u00f6n yarg\u0131lar\u0131 istismar etmekteydi. (s. 109)<\/p>\n

                                                                                                Alternatif \u00c7eviri:<\/strong> Bu politikan\u0131n uygulanmas\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6n\u00fcndeki tek engel, iki y\u00f6nl\u00fc bir politika izleyen T\u00fcrkiye\u2019den gelen tehditti<\/em>: T\u00fcrkiye, K\u00fcrtleri Britanyal\u0131lara kar\u015f\u0131 k\u0131\u015fk\u0131rtmak i\u00e7in \u00fcmmete; K\u00fcrtleri Araplara kar\u015f\u0131 k\u0131\u015fk\u0131rtmak i\u00e7in ise Arap kar\u015f\u0131t\u0131 \u00f6nyarg\u0131ya bel ba\u011fl\u0131yordu.<\/p>\n

                                                                                                Yorum<\/strong>: Orijinal metinde ikili politika izleyen K\u00fcrtler de\u011fil, T\u00fcrkiye. Tek engel ise T\u00fcrkiye\u2019den gelen tehdit. Oysa \u00e7eviride T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin hi\u00e7 bahse bile ge\u00e7miyor!<\/p>\n

                                                                                                  \n
                                                                                                1. Orijinal metin<\/strong>: He pleaded with the British to support him and insisted that he would be able to raise all of northeastern Kurdistan, including Ismail A\u011fa Simko in Iran, to support him in rebellion against the Turks. Sayyid Abdul Qadir emphasized that the British must act quickly to create a buffer Kurdish state against the Bolshevik menace.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

                                                                                                  Kitaptaki \u00c7eviri<\/strong>: Abd\u00fclkadir, T\u00fcrkler\u2019e kar\u015f\u0131 isyanda, \u0130ngiliz deste\u011fi rica etmekte ve \u0130ran\u2019da \u0130smail A\u011fa Simko dahil olmak \u00fczere t\u00fcm Kuzeydo\u011fu K\u00fcrdistan\u2019\u0131 \u0130ngilizler\u2019in Bol\u015fevik tehdidine kar\u015f\u0131 bir K\u00fcrt tampon devleti yaratmak i\u00e7in acilen harekete ge\u00e7meleri gerekti\u011fini alt\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7izerek ifade etmekteydi. (s.114)<\/p>\n

                                                                                                  Alternatif \u00c7eviri:<\/strong> (Abd\u00fclkadir) Britanyal\u0131lara kendisini desteklemeleri i\u00e7in yalvard\u0131 ve \u0130ran’daki \u0130smail A\u011fa Simko da d\u00e2hil olmak \u00fczere t\u00fcm kuzeydo\u011fu K\u00fcrdistan’\u0131 T\u00fcrklere kar\u015f\u0131 isyanda kendisini desteklemek \u00fczere aya\u011fa kald\u0131rabilece\u011fi konusunda \u0131srar etti. Seyyid Abd\u00fclkadir, Britanyal\u0131lar\u0131n Bol\u015fevik tehdidine kar\u015f\u0131 tampon bir K\u00fcrt devleti olu\u015fturmak i\u00e7in h\u0131zl\u0131 hareket etmesi gerekti\u011fini vurgulad\u0131.<\/p>\n

                                                                                                  Yorum:<\/strong> Orijinal metinde Seyit Abd\u00fclkadir, Britanyal\u0131lar\u0131 t\u00fcm K\u00fcrtleri T\u00fcrklere kar\u015f\u0131 isyan ettirmede \u00f6rg\u00fctleyebilece\u011fine ikna etmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131yor ama \u00e7eviride bu anlam kay\u0131p!<\/p>\n

                                                                                                    \n
                                                                                                  1. Orijinal metin<\/strong>: In Rawlinson’s opinion, the nationalists’ confidence would result in demands whose realization would lead to the creation of a confederation of all Muslims\u2014Sunnis from the “Bosphorus to the Caspian including Daghistan with the ports of Batoum and Baku in Turkish hands, this being the avowed object of their eastern aims, as such a confederation would dominate the political position in the Near East.”<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

                                                                                                    Kitaptaki \u00c7eviri<\/strong>: Rawlinson’un kanaatine g\u00f6re, milliyet\u00e7ilerin kendilerinden emin olmalar\u0131, ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilmesi “Bo\u011faz’dan Da\u011f\u0131stan da dahil olmak \u00fczere Kafkasya\u2019ya<\/em> kadar\u201d yay\u0131lacak bir M\u00fcsl\u00fcman\u2013s\u00fcnni Konfederasyonu\u2019nun kurulmas\u0131na yol a\u00e7abilecek taleplere neden olmas\u0131 m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fc; b\u00f6ylelikle Batum limanlar\u0131 ve Bak\u00fc T\u00fcrkler\u2019in eline ge\u00e7ecek. Milliyet\u00e7ilerin Do\u011fu gayelerinin as\u0131l hedefi bu. Zira b\u00f6yle bir konfederasyon Yak\u0131n Do\u011fu’daki siyasi konumlar\u0131 h\u00e2kimiyeti alt\u0131na al\u0131r.” (s. 119)<\/p>\n

                                                                                                    Alternatif \u00c7eviri:<\/strong> Rawlinson’a g\u00f6re, milliyet\u00e7ilerin g\u00fcveni, ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilmesi \u201cBo\u011fazi\u00e7i\u2019nden T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin elinde olan Batum ve Bak\u00fc limanlar\u0131yla birlikte Da\u011f\u0131stan da dahil olmak \u00fczere Hazar’a<\/em> kadar t\u00fcm M\u00fcsl\u00fcman-S\u00fcnnilerden olu\u015fan bir konfederasyonunun yarat\u0131lmas\u0131na yol a\u00e7acak taleplerle sonu\u00e7lanacakt\u0131. Bu onlar\u0131n do\u011fu hedeflerinin a\u00e7\u0131k hedefidir, \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc b\u00f6yle bir konfederasyon Yak\u0131n Do\u011fu’daki siyasi pozisyona h\u00fckmedecektir.”<\/p>\n

                                                                                                      \n
                                                                                                    1. Orijinal metin<\/strong>: Rawlinson thought the Turkish nationalist forces could still be checked or intimidated sufficiently to withdraw from their stated objectives of the National Pact of 28 January 1920, especially those clauses that demanded national sovereignty and territorial integrity over Anatolia, western Thrace, and Istanbul.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

                                                                                                      Kitaptaki \u00c7eviri<\/strong>: Rawlinson, T\u00fcrk milliyet\u00e7i kuvvetlerinin, h\u00e2l\u00e2 28 Ocak 1920 tarihli Misak-i Milli hudutlar\u0131n\u0131n gerisine \u00e7ekilmelerine yetecek kadar kontrol edilebileceklerini veya korkutulabileceklerini d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc. Akl\u0131nda, \u00f6zellikle Anadolu, Bat\u0131 Trakya ve \u0130stanbul \u00fczerinde h\u00fck\u00fcmranl\u0131k ve \u00fclke b\u00fct\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc talep eden maddeler vard\u0131. (s. 125)<\/p>\n

                                                                                                      Alternatif \u00c7eviri:<\/strong> Rawlinson, T\u00fcrk milliyet\u00e7i kuvvetlerinin, 28 Ocak 1920 tarihli Misak-i Milli\u2019de belirtilen hedeflerinden, \u00f6zellikle Anadolu, Bat\u0131 Trakya ve \u0130stanbul \u00fczerinde ulusal egemenlik ve toprak b\u00fct\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc talep eden maddelerden geri \u00e7ekilmek i\u00e7in hala yeterince kontrol edilebilece\u011fini veya sindirilebilece\u011fini d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcyordu.<\/p>\n

                                                                                                        \n
                                                                                                      1. Orijinal metin<\/strong>: Nothing can better describe the great amount of energy, men, money, materials, and time that the Turkish government spent on trying to suppress and contain Kurdish rebellion and Kurdish nationalism than the admission of the Turkish armed forces that of the eighteen<\/em> armed engagements between 1914 and 1938 that the armed forces were involved in suppressing, seventeen occurred in Kurdistan.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

                                                                                                        Kitaptaki \u00c7eviri<\/strong>: T\u00fcrk h\u00fck\u00fcmetinin K\u00fcrt isyan\u0131n\u0131 ve K\u00fcrt milliyet\u00e7ili\u011fini kontrol alt\u0131na almak ve bast\u0131rmak i\u00e7in sarfetmi\u015f oldu\u011fu enerji, insan, para, malzeme ve zaman\u0131n b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc, T\u00fcrk silahl\u0131 kuvvetlerinin 1924-28 aras\u0131nda 19 silahl\u0131 \u00e7at\u0131\u015fmaya<\/em> girmi\u015f oldu\u011funu kabul etmesinden daha iyi ifade edilemez; bu hadiselerde T\u00fcrk Silahl\u0131 Kuvvetleri, K\u00fcrdistan\u2019da meydana gelen 17 isyan ve ayaklanma hareketini bast\u0131rmaya gayret g\u00f6stermi\u015fti. (s. 188)<\/p>\n

                                                                                                        Alternatif \u00c7eviri:<\/strong> T\u00fcrk silahl\u0131 kuvvetlerinin 1924 ile 1938 y\u0131llar\u0131 aras\u0131nda 17\u2019si K\u00fcrdistan\u2019da olmak \u00fczere meydana gelen 18 silahl\u0131 \u00e7at\u0131\u015fmay\u0131<\/em> bast\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 kabul etmesinden ba\u015fka hi\u00e7bir \u015fey T\u00fcrk h\u00fck\u00fcmetinin K\u00fcrt isyan\u0131n\u0131 ve K\u00fcrt milliyet\u00e7ili\u011fini bast\u0131rmak ve kontrol alt\u0131na almak i\u00e7in harcad\u0131\u011f\u0131 enerji, insan, para, malzeme ve zaman\u0131n bu kadar b\u00fcy\u00fck miktar\u0131n\u0131 daha iyi anlatamaz.<\/p>\n

                                                                                                          \n
                                                                                                        1. Orijinal metin<\/strong>: From 1922 to 1925, the RAF, under the command of Sir John Salmond, who replaced Sir Hugh Trenchard as chief of the Air Staff in 1929, pursued a vigorous bombing policy against the Kurds and Arabs in northern Iraq.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

                                                                                                          Kitaptaki \u00c7eviri<\/strong>: 1922’den 1925’e kadar, Hava Kurmay Ba\u015fkan\u0131 olarak 1929’da Sir Hugh Trenchard’\u0131n yerine getirilmi\u015f olan Sir John Salmond komutas\u0131nda Kraliyet Hava Kuvvetleri (RAF), Kuzey Irak’taki K\u00fcrtler’e ve Araplar’a kar\u015f\u0131 etkili bir bombard\u0131man politikas\u0131 takbik etti. (s. 240)<\/p>\n

                                                                                                          Alternatif \u00c7eviri:<\/strong> RAF (Kraliyet Hava Kuvvetleri),1922’den 1925’e kadar Sir John Salmond komutas\u0131nda kuzey Irak’taki K\u00fcrtlere ve Araplara kar\u015f\u0131 \u015fiddetli bir bombalama politikas\u0131 izledi. Sir John Salmond daha sonra 1929’da Hava Kuvvetleri Komutan\u0131 olarak Sir Hugh Trenchard’\u0131n yerine ge\u00e7ti.<\/p>\n

                                                                                                          Yorum:<\/strong> G\u00f6r\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc gibi \u00e7eviride tam bir anakronizm s\u00f6z konusu.<\/p>\n

                                                                                                          G\u00f6zden ka\u00e7an maddi hattalar<\/strong><\/p>\n

                                                                                                            \n
                                                                                                          1. Orijinal metin<\/strong>: The British should support a Kurdish rebellion if the Turks would not negotiate and if the French continued to be unsupportive of British policies in the Middle East.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

                                                                                                            Kitaptaki \u00c7eviri<\/strong>: T\u00fcrkler m\u00fczakereye yana\u015fmaz ve Frans\u0131zlar da Ortado\u011fu’da \u0130ngiliz siyasetini desteklemekte<\/em> devam ederlerse, \u0130ngilizler bir K\u00fcrt isyan\u0131na desteklemelidirler. (s. 112)<\/p>\n

                                                                                                            Alternatif \u00c7eviri:<\/strong> T\u00fcrkler m\u00fczakerelere yana\u015fmazlarsa, Frans\u0131zlar da Ortado\u011fu’daki Britanya politikalar\u0131n\u0131 desteklememeye<\/em> devam ederlerse, Britanyal\u0131lar bir K\u00fcrt isyan\u0131na destek vermelidirler.<\/p>\n

                                                                                                              \n
                                                                                                            1. Orijinal metin<\/strong>: The informant thought that if Fethi Bey did not stop the disintegration of the People’s party, Mustafa Kemal would turn to Recep Peker, the minister of the interior.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

                                                                                                              Kitaptaki \u00c7eviri<\/strong>: Muhbire g\u00f6re, \u015fayet Fethi Bey Halk F\u0131rkas\u0131’n\u0131n da\u011f\u0131lmaktan kurtar\u0131rsa<\/em>,<\/strong> Mustafa Kemal Dahiliye vekile Recep (Peker)\u2019e d\u00f6necekti<\/em>. (s. 134)<\/p>\n

                                                                                                              Alternatif \u00c7eviri:<\/strong> Muhbire g\u00f6re, Fethi Bey Halk F\u0131rkas\u0131’n\u0131n da\u011f\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 durdurmazsa<\/em>,<\/strong> Mustafa Kemal i\u00e7i\u015fleri bakan\u0131 Recep Peker’e ba\u015fvuracakt\u0131<\/em>.<\/p>\n

                                                                                                                \n
                                                                                                              1. Orijinal metin<\/strong>: that condemned the Ankara government and Mustafa Kemal for destroying religion and stated that it was lawful to rebel against such sacrilege.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

                                                                                                                Kitaptaki \u00c7eviri<\/strong>: \u2026Ankara h\u00fck\u00fcmeti ve Mustafa Kemal’i dini y\u0131kmakla su\u00e7lad\u0131; b\u00f6yle bir k\u00e2firli\u011fe ba\u015fkald\u0131rman\u0131n c\u00e2iz olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131<\/em> ifade etmekteydi. (s. 143)<\/p>\n

                                                                                                                Alternatif \u00c7eviri:<\/strong> \u2026Ankara h\u00fck\u00fcmetini ve Mustafa Kemal’i dini yok ettikleri i\u00e7in k\u0131nayarak, b\u00f6yle bir k\u00e2firli\u011fe ba\u015fkald\u0131rman\u0131n c\u00e2iz oldu\u011funu<\/em> ifade ediyordu.<\/p>\n

                                                                                                                  \n
                                                                                                                1. Orijinal metin<\/strong>: Only the aid of the settled Kurdish tribes of Geravi and Sarafan lessened Kurdish<\/em> losses<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

                                                                                                                  Kitaptaki \u00c7eviri<\/strong>: Geravi ve Sereyan’da yerle\u015fik K\u00fcrtler’in yard\u0131mlar\u0131, T\u00fcrk<\/em> kay\u0131plar\u0131n\u0131 azaltmaktayd\u0131. (s. 183)<\/p>\n

                                                                                                                  Alternatif \u00c7eviri:<\/strong> Bir tek yerle\u015fik K\u00fcrt Geravi ve Sarafan a\u015firetlerinin yard\u0131m\u0131 K\u00fcrt<\/em> kay\u0131plar\u0131n\u0131 azaltt\u0131.<\/p>\n

                                                                                                                    \n
                                                                                                                  1. Orijinal metin<\/strong>: 2- \u015eim\u015fir, Ingiliz Belgeleriyle-, K\u00fcrk\u00e7\u00fco\u011flu, T\u00fcrk-Ingiliz ili\u015fkileri, p. 30, quotes the newspaper Cumhuriyet of 17 February as an example of such charges<\/em>;<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

                                                                                                                    Kitaptaki \u00c7eviri<\/strong>: 2-\u015eim\u015fir, \u0130ngiliz Belgeleriyle; K\u00fcrk\u00e7\u00fco\u011flu, T\u00fcrk-\u0130ngiliz ili\u015fkileri, s.30, bu gibi de\u011fi\u015fimlere<\/em> \u00f6rnek olarak 17 \u015eubat tarihli Cumhuriyet gazetesinden al\u0131nt\u0131 yapar; (s. 295, n. 2)<\/p>\n

                                                                                                                    Alternatif \u00c7eviri:<\/strong> 2- \u015eim\u015fir, \u0130ngiliz Belgeleriyle; K\u00fcrk\u00e7\u00fco\u011flu T\u00fcrk-\u0130ngiliz \u0130li\u015fkileri, s. 30, bu t\u00fcr su\u00e7lamalara<\/em> \u00f6rnek olarak 17 \u015eubat tarihli Cumhuriyet gazetesinden al\u0131nt\u0131 yapar;<\/p>\n

                                                                                                                    Yorum: <\/strong>Kitab\u0131n alt\u0131nc\u0131 b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn bu 2. notu, Britanyal\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n \u015eeyh Said isyan\u0131nda parma\u011f\u0131n\u0131n oldu\u011funa y\u00f6nelik su\u00e7lamalara ili\u015fkindir. \u00d6yle anla\u015f\u0131l\u0131yor \u00e7evirmenler yaz\u0131m benzerliklerinden dolay\u0131 \u201cchanges\/de\u011fi\u015fimler\u201d ile \u201ccharges\/su\u00e7lamalar\u201d kelimelerini kar\u0131\u015ft\u0131rm\u0131\u015f gibi g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcyorlar.<\/p>\n

                                                                                                                      \n
                                                                                                                    1. Orijinal metin<\/strong>: It was suggested above that probably more than 000<\/em> Kurds died in Turkey proper<\/em> during World War I.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

                                                                                                                      Kitaptaki \u00c7eviri<\/strong>: Yukar\u0131da belirtmi\u015f oldu\u011fumuz gibi, Birinci D\u00fcnya Sava\u015f\u0131 s\u0131ras\u0131nda T\u00fcrkiye’nin tamam\u0131nda<\/em> muhtemelen 150 binin<\/em> \u00fczerinde K\u00fcrt \u00f6lm\u00fc\u015f bulunmaktayd\u0131. (s. 45)<\/p>\n

                                                                                                                      Alternatif \u00c7eviri:<\/strong> Yukar\u0131da belirtildi\u011fi gibi, Birinci D\u00fcnya Sava\u015f\u0131 s\u0131ras\u0131nda sadece<\/em> T\u00fcrkiye’de muhtemelen 500 binden<\/em> fazla K\u00fcrt \u00f6lm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc.<\/p>\n

                                                                                                                      Yorum:<\/strong> S\u00f6z konusu rakamlar aras\u0131nda devasa farkl\u0131l\u0131klar var. \u00d6len 350 bin K\u00fcrt birden buharla\u015f\u0131p nereye gitti?!<\/p>\n

                                                                                                                        \n
                                                                                                                      1. Orijinal metin<\/strong>: These, rather than the differences between Zaza and non-Zaza speakers, played an important<\/em> role in the evolution of the rebellion and in the growth of Kurdish nationalism.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

                                                                                                                        Kitaptaki \u00c7eviri<\/strong>: \u0130syan\u0131n \u015fekillenmesi ve K\u00fcrt milliyet\u00e7ili\u011finin geli\u015fiminde, Zazaca konu\u015fanlar ve konu\u015fmayanlar aras\u0131ndaki farkl\u0131l\u0131klardan ziyade, bunlar \u00f6nemli bir rol oynamam\u0131\u015flard\u0131r<\/em>. (s. 233)<\/p>\n

                                                                                                                        Alternatif \u00c7eviri:<\/strong> \u0130syan\u0131n evriminde ve K\u00fcrt milliyet\u00e7ili\u011finin b\u00fcy\u00fcmesinde Zazaca konu\u015fanlar ile konu\u015fmayanlar arastandaki farkl\u0131l\u0131klardan ziyade bunlar \u00f6nemli bir rol oynad\u0131.<\/em><\/p>\n

                                                                                                                        Fazladan eklenen ya da \u00e7evrilmeyen c\u00fcmleler<\/strong><\/p>\n

                                                                                                                          \n
                                                                                                                        1. Orijinal metin<\/strong>: \u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026..<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

                                                                                                                          Kitaptaki \u00c7eviri<\/strong>: \u201cCibranl\u0131 Halid\u2019in \u0130stiklal fikriyle zehirlenen en g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc a\u015firetler bu b\u00f6lgede idi.\u201d (s. 169)<\/p>\n

                                                                                                                          Yorum<\/strong>: Yukar\u0131da \u00e7eviride t\u0131rnak i\u00e7i verilen bu ifadenin orijinal metinde herhangi bir kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 yoktur. S\u00f6z konusu bu ifade M. \u015eerif F\u0131rat\u2019\u0131n Do\u011fu \u0130lleri ve Varto tarihi adl\u0131 kitab\u0131n 139 sayfas\u0131nda yer almaktad\u0131r. Yazar\u0131n kullanmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 bu ifadeyi t\u0131rnak i\u00e7inde \u00e7eviride yer almas\u0131n\u0131n herhalde bir nedeni olmal\u0131! Do\u011frusu insan \u00e7evirmenlerin orijinalde olmayan bu c\u00fcmleyi \u00e7eviride kullanmalar\u0131nda \u201c\u0130stiklal fikriyle zehirlenen<\/em>\u201d deyimin cazibesine kap\u0131ld\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnemeden edemiyor.<\/p>\n

                                                                                                                            \n
                                                                                                                          1. Orijinal metin<\/strong>: As yet unaware of the defeat at Arpa Pass, Abdullah was preparing with a contingent of 500 men to attack Mu\u015f. He was defeated. Met by a small force of gendarmes and local militia at the bridge crossing the Murat Su River north of Mu\u015f, the rebels were forced to retreat to Varto.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

                                                                                                                            Kitaptaki \u00c7eviri<\/strong>: Bu arada \u015eeyh Ali R\u0131za ve mahiyeti Abdullah\u2019a bir mektup yazarak tekrar Arpa Deresi\u2019ne taarruz etmesini istediler. Abdullah, bir mektup hen\u00fcz eline ula\u015famadan <\/em>500 ki\u015filik bir m\u00fcfreze te\u015fkil ederek Mu\u015f\u2019a taarruza ge\u00e7ti ve bozguna u\u011frad\u0131. K\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck bir jandarma birli\u011fi ve mahalli milislerle Murat Su k\u00f6pr\u00fcs\u00fcnde kar\u015f\u0131la\u015fan \u00e2si kuvvetler, Varto’ya \u00e7ekilmek zorunda kald\u0131lar. (s. 170)<\/p>\n

                                                                                                                            Alternatif \u00c7eviri:<\/strong> Arpa Ge\u00e7idi’ndeki yenilgiden hen\u00fcz habersiz olan<\/em> Abdullah, 500 ki\u015filik bir birlikle Mu\u015f’a sald\u0131rmak i\u00e7in haz\u0131rlan\u0131yordu. Yenilgiye u\u011frat\u0131ld\u0131. Mu\u015f’un kuzeyindeki Murat Suyu \u00fczerindeki k\u00f6pr\u00fcde jandarma ve yerel milislerden olu\u015fan k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck bir kuvvet taraf\u0131ndan kar\u015f\u0131lanan isyanc\u0131lar, Varto’ya \u00e7ekilmek zorunda kald\u0131lar.<\/p>\n

                                                                                                                            Yorum:<\/strong> Orijinal kaynakta ne bir mektuptan bahsediliyor ne de bu mektubun hen\u00fcz yerine ula\u015f\u0131lmamas\u0131ndan!<\/p>\n

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                                                                                                                            1. Orijinal metin<\/strong>: and a few Iranian soldiers were killed. Some of the main leaders of the rebellion were killed in this skirmish\u2014 \u015eemseddin, the son of Hasananli Halid, Kerim, the Zirgan chief who initiated the battle, Suleyman, Ahmet, Abdulbaki, and one of Sheikh Said’s sons, Giysuddin.<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

                                                                                                                              Kitaptaki \u00c7eviri<\/strong>:..ve birka\u00e7 \u0130ran askeri \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fcld\u00fc\u2026.(s. 172)<\/p>\n

                                                                                                                              Alternatif \u00c7eviri:<\/strong> \u0130syan\u0131n \u00f6nde gelen liderlerinden baz\u0131lar\u0131 bu \u00e7at\u0131\u015fmada \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fcld\u00fc: Hasananl\u0131 Halid’in o\u011flu \u015eemseddin, sava\u015f\u0131 ba\u015flatan Zirgan reisi Kerim, S\u00fcleyman, Ahmet, Abd\u00fclbaki ve \u015eeyh Said’in o\u011fullar\u0131ndan G\u0131ysuddin.<\/p>\n

                                                                                                                              Yorum<\/strong>: yukar\u0131da verilen sayfadaki c\u00fcmleden sonra gelmesi gereken uzun bir c\u00fcmle \u00e7evrilmemi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

                                                                                                                                \n
                                                                                                                              1. Orijinal metin<\/strong>: The Turks also proclaimed a nationalism that was inclusive of the Kurds, however prejudicial, while Kurdish nationalism, imperatively so, was exclusive of the Turks and their! nationalism.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

                                                                                                                                Kitaptaki \u00c7eviri<\/strong>: T\u00fcrkler K\u00fcrtler’i de kapsayan bir milliyet\u00e7ili\u011fi savunuyorlarken, K\u00fcrt milliyet\u00e7ili\u011fi T\u00fcrkler\u2019i ve milliyet\u00e7iliklerini d\u0131\u015fl\u0131yordu. (s. 233)<\/p>\n

                                                                                                                                Alternatif \u00c7eviri:<\/strong> Ayr\u0131ca T\u00fcrkler, ne kadar \u00f6nyarg\u0131l\u0131 olursa olsun<\/em> K\u00fcrtleri de i\u00e7ine alan bir milliyet\u00e7ili\u011fi ilan ederken, K\u00fcrt milliyet\u00e7ili\u011fi ise ister istemez T\u00fcrkleri ve onlar\u0131n! Milliyet\u00e7ili\u011fini d\u0131\u015fl\u0131yordu.<\/p>\n

                                                                                                                                  \n
                                                                                                                                1. Orijinal metin<\/strong>: Given the total figure of around 15,000 fighters mobilized by the Kurds, this figure seems too high.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

                                                                                                                                  Kitaptaki \u00c7eviri<\/strong>: K\u00fcrtler’ce seferber edilen sava\u015f\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131 toplam 15.000 olarak verir; bu say\u0131 \u00e7ok y\u00fcksek gibi g\u00f6r\u00fcnmektedir. (s. 288, n. 2)<\/p>\n

                                                                                                                                  Alternatif \u00c7eviri:<\/strong> K\u00fcrtler taraf\u0131ndan seferber edilen sava\u015f\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131n say\u0131s\u0131 toplam olarak yakla\u015f\u0131k 15.000 ki\u015fi oldu\u011fu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcl\u00fcrse, bu rakam \u00e7ok y\u00fcksek g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcyor.<\/p>\n

                                                                                                                                  Yorum:<\/strong> Kitab\u0131n sonunda yer alan bu be\u015finci b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn 2 nolu notu, s\u00f6z konusu b\u00f6l\u00fcmde \u201cF\u0131rat\u2019a g\u00f6re Salih Beyin komutas\u0131nda 10.000 ki\u015filik bir asi kuvveti vard\u0131\u201d diye ge\u00e7en c\u00fcmleyi a\u00e7\u0131klamak \u00fczere konulmu\u015ftur. Yazar bu rakam\u0131n \u00e7ok y\u00fcksek oldu\u011funu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcyor, yoksa F\u0131rat, seferber edilen toplam sava\u015f\u00e7\u0131larla ilgili bir bilgi vermiyor!<\/p>\n

                                                                                                                                  Sonu\u00e7<\/strong><\/h3>\n

                                                                                                                                  Ku\u015fkusuz her \u00e7eviride anlam kay\u0131plar\u0131, kelime yanl\u0131\u015flar\u0131 vb. \u015feyler olabilir bu do\u011fald\u0131r. Ancak b\u00fct\u00fcn bunlar\u0131n metnin genelini etkilememesi, okuru yanl\u0131\u015f y\u00f6ne y\u00f6nlendirmemesi gerekir. \u00c7evirmen okur ile yazar aras\u0131nda ne kadar az girerse, i\u015fini o kadar iyi yapar. \u00c7evirmenin rol\u00fc bir akt\u00f6r\u00fcn rol\u00fcne benzetilebilir. Bir akt\u00f6r oynayaca\u011f\u0131 rol\u00fc iyi oynayabilmek i\u00e7in nas\u0131l oynayaca\u011f\u0131 karakterin ruh haline b\u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcyorsa, deyim yerindeyse, \u00e7evirmen de yazar\u0131n o ruh halini yakalamal\u0131, ona g\u00f6re davranmal\u0131d\u0131r. Kendi duygular\u0131n\u0131 i\u015fin i\u00e7ine katmamal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n

                                                                                                                                  S\u00f6z konusu kitab\u0131n \u00e7evirmenlerin yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 yanl\u0131\u015flara, baz\u0131 kelimelerin se\u00e7imine, kulland\u0131klar\u0131 dile bak\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, K\u00fcrtlere y\u00f6nelik bir \u00f6nyarg\u0131 sezinlemiyor de\u011fil. Kitap boyunca, isyan eden K\u00fcrtler i\u00e7in \u201casi<\/strong>\u201d s\u0131fat\u0131 kullan\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bilindi\u011fi gibi g\u00fcnl\u00fck kullan\u0131mda \u201casi<\/strong>\u201d s\u0131fat\u0131 neredeyse her zaman olumsuzlu\u011fu \u00e7a\u011fr\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131r. \u00c7evirmenlerin bu t\u00fcrden \u00f6nyarg\u0131lar\u0131na y\u00f6nelik \u00e7arp\u0131c\u0131 bir \u00f6rnek ise kitab\u0131n yazar\u0131n\u0131n hi\u00e7 kullanmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 tan\u0131mlamalar\u0131 kullanmalar\u0131d\u0131r. Kitab\u0131n yazar\u0131 Robert Olson, \u015eeyh Said isyan\u0131n\u0131 \u0130ngilizce okuruna anlat\u0131rken, \u00e7o\u011fu zaman \u201cDo\u011fu \u0130lleri ve Varto Tarihi<\/em>\u201d adl\u0131 eserin yazar\u0131 olan M. \u015eerif F\u0131rat\u2019\u0131n anlat\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 kaynak almaktad\u0131r ama onun bu anlat\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 \u0130ngilizce okura kendi tan\u0131mlamalar\u0131yla aktarmaktad\u0131r. \u00c7evirmenler ise baz\u0131 yerlerde do\u011frudan M. \u015eerif F\u0131rat\u2019\u0131n anlat\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 t\u0131rnak i\u00e7inde okura sunmaktad\u0131rlar. Hal b\u00f6yle olunca Robert Olson\u2019a ait olmayan \u201cCibranl\u0131 Halid\u2019in \u0130stiklal fikriyle zehirlenen en g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc a\u015firetler bu b\u00f6lgede idi<\/em>\u201d gibisinden bir c\u00fcmle ortada kalmaktad\u0131r. Bir \u00e7evirmen yazara ait olmayan b\u0131rak\u0131n bu kadar negatif duygularla y\u00fckl\u00fc b\u00f6yle bir c\u00fcmleyi, s\u0131radan basit bir c\u00fcmleyi bile \u00e7eviriye ekleme hakk\u0131na sahip midir? C\u00fcmleyi t\u0131rnak i\u00e7ine almakla \u00e7evirmenler sorumluktan kurtulmuyor. E\u011fer yazar bu c\u00fcmleyi okura b\u00f6yle anlatmak isteseydi zaten do\u011frudan birebir anlam\u0131n\u0131 \u0130ngilizce okura verirdi. Di\u011fer yandan \u00e7evirmenler baz\u0131 ifadeleri olduk\u00e7a yumu\u015fak \u201ckabul edilebilir\u201d baz\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131 ise daha \u201csert ifadeler\u201d d\u00fczeyine indirgemek istemi\u015fler. Mesela \u201ckatliam yapmak\u201d anlam\u0131na gelen \u201cmassacre<\/em>\u201d kelimesini \u201czul\u00fcm etmek\u201d olarak; \u201cya\u011fmalamak\u201d anlam\u0131na gelen \u201cplunder<\/em>\u201d kelimesini de k\u0131l\u0131\u00e7tan ge\u00e7irmek olarak \u00e7evirmi\u015ftir. Burada i\u015fin ilgin\u00e7 yan\u0131 T\u00fcrkler s\u00f6z konusu oldu\u011funda \u201ckatliam<\/em>\u201d kelimesi \u201czulme<\/em>\u201d inmi\u015f; K\u00fcrtler s\u00f6z konusu oldu\u011funda \u201cya\u011fmalama<\/em>\u201d kelimesi \u201ck\u0131l\u0131\u00e7tan ge\u00e7irmeye<\/em>\u201d y\u00fckselmi\u015f birdenbire. Keza yukar\u0131da verdi\u011fimiz Topal Osman ile ilgili \u00e7eviri k\u0131sm\u0131na bak\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda \u00e7evirmenlerin K\u00fcrtlere y\u00f6nelik \u00f6nyarg\u0131lar\u0131 biraz daha a\u00e7\u0131\u011fa \u00e7\u0131k\u0131yor. Yine yazar\u0131n Birinci D\u00fcnya Sava\u015f\u0131nda sadece T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de \u00f6len K\u00fcrtlerin say\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 500<\/strong> binden fazla verirken, \u00e7evirmenler bu rakam\u0131 150<\/strong> bine indiriyorlar. Burada verilen rakamlardaki bu yanl\u0131\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131n teknik bir hata sonucuyla yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015f olmas\u0131n\u0131 umuyoruz ama kitap boyunca yap\u0131lan bu t\u00fcrden yanl\u0131\u015flara ve kelimeler se\u00e7ilirken yap\u0131lan tercihlere bak\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda bu konuda insan pek iyimser d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnemiyor.<\/p>\n

                                                                                                                                  Sonu\u00e7 olarak b\u00f6ylesine tarihi \u00f6nemli bir kitap ne yaz\u0131k ki T\u00fcrk\u00e7e okura hak etti\u011fi \u015fekilde \u00e7evrilerek aktar\u0131lmam\u0131\u015f g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcyor.<\/p>\n

                                                                                                                                  Kaynak\u00e7a<\/strong><\/h3>\n

                                                                                                                                  Albiz, \u00dc. (2018). \u00a0\u00c7eviride \u0130deoloji: 1960-1980\u2019li Y\u0131llarda T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de Yay\u0131nc\u0131l\u0131k ve \u00c7eviri, \u00c7eviri Eserler ve Dergicilik Faaliyetleri<\/em>, Doktora Tezi, Sakarya \u00dcniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstit\u00fcs\u00fc.<\/p>\n

                                                                                                                                  F\u0131rat, M. \u015e. (1961). Do\u011fu \u0130lleri ve Varto Tarihi<\/em>, 2. Bask\u0131, Ankara: Milli E\u011fitim Bas\u0131mevi PDF.<\/p>\n

                                                                                                                                  G\u00f6kt\u00fcrk, A. (1994). \u00c7eviri: Dillerin Dili<\/em>, 1. Bask\u0131, \u0130stanbul:Yap\u0131 Kredi Yay\u0131nlar\u0131.<\/p>\n

                                                                                                                                  Longman-Metro B\u00fcy\u00fck \u0130ngilizce-T\u00fcrk\u00e7e-T\u00fcrk\u00e7e S\u00f6zl\u00fck, 1. Bask\u0131, \u0130stanbul:Longman Group UK Limited and Metro Kitap Yay\u0131n Pazarlama A.\u015e.<\/p>\n

                                                                                                                                  Olson, W. R., The Emergence Of Kurdish Nationalism And The Sheikh Said Rebellion, 1880-1925<\/em>, PDF<\/p>\n

                                                                                                                                  Olson, W. R. (1992). K\u00fcrt Milliyet\u00e7ili\u011finin Kaynaklar\u0131 ve \u015eeyh Said \u0130syan\u0131 (1880-1925<\/em>, \u00e7ev: B\u00fclent \u2013 Nevzat K\u0131ra\u00e7, Ankara: \u00d6zge Yay\u0131nlar\u0131.<\/p>\n

                                                                                                                                  https:\/\/www.rudaw.net\/turkish\/culture-art\/15122022<\/a><\/p>\n

                                                                                                                                  https:\/\/bianet.org\/bianet\/kitap\/210425-can-yayinlari-kurdistan-gectigi-icin-sansurlenen-kitabi-toplatiyor<\/a><\/p>\n

                                                                                                                                  https:\/\/www.gazeteduvar.com.tr\/dersim-makalesinde-kurd-kelimesini-adi-diye-cevirdiler-haber-1537546<\/a><\/p>\n

                                                                                                                                  https:\/\/t24.com.tr\/haber\/rektor-kurtler-ifadesini-turkler-olarak-degistirdi-iddiasi,785004<\/a><\/p>\n

                                                                                                                                  __________________<\/p>\n

                                                                                                                                  [1]<\/a> K\u00fcrt Milliyet\u00e7ili\u011finin Kaynaklar\u0131 ve \u015eeyh Said \u0130syan\u0131 (1880-1925), Robert Olson, \u00c7ev: B\u00fclent \u2013 Nevzat K\u0131ra\u00e7, Kas\u0131m 1992, Ankara, \u00d6zge Yay\u0131nlar\u0131.<\/p>\n

                                                                                                                                  [2]<\/a> Bu konuyla ilgili kapsaml\u0131 bir bilgi i\u00e7in bkz. \u00dcmm\u00fcg\u00fcls\u00fcm Albiz: \u00c7eviride \u0130deoloji: 1960-1980\u2019li Y\u0131llarda T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de Yay\u0131nc\u0131l\u0131k ve \u00c7eviri, \u00c7eviri Eserler ve Dergicilik Faaliyetleri, Doktora Tezi, Sakarya \u00dcniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstit\u00fcs\u00fc, Eyl\u00fcl-2018.<\/p>\n

                                                                                                                                  [3]<\/a> https:\/\/www.rudaw.net\/turkish\/culture-art\/15122022<\/a><\/p>\n

                                                                                                                                  [4]<\/a> https:\/\/bianet.org\/bianet\/kitap\/210425-can-yayinlari-kurdistan-gectigi-icin-sansurlenen-kitabi-toplatiyor<\/a><\/p>\n

                                                                                                                                  [5]<\/a> Birka\u00e7 \u00f6rnek i\u00e7in bkz. https:\/\/www.gazeteduvar.com.tr\/dersim-makalesinde-kurd-kelimesini-adi-diye-cevirdiler-haber-1537546<\/a> , https:\/\/t24.com.tr\/haber\/rektor-kurtler-ifadesini-turkler-olarak-degistirdi-iddiasi,785004<\/a><\/p>\n

                                                                                                                                  [6]<\/a> S\u00f6zgelimi, Longman-Metro B\u00fcy\u00fck \u0130ngilizce-T\u00fcrk\u00e7e-T\u00fcrk\u00e7e S\u00f6zl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc<\/em> bu fiilin anlam s\u0131ras\u0131n\u0131 \u015f\u00f6yle vermi\u015f: 1) ba\u015flatmak, \u00f6nayak olmak, 2) K\u0131\u015fk\u0131rtmak, tahrik etmek, te\u015fvik etmek. \u00a0Bkz. Longman-Metro B\u00fcy\u00fck \u0130ngilizce-T\u00fcrk\u00e7e-T\u00fcrk\u00e7e S\u00f6zl\u00fck, bask\u0131: 1, Longman Group UK Limited and Metro Kitap Yay\u0131n Pazarlama A.\u015e. \u0130stanbul, s. 770<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

                                                                                                                                  Bu makalede Robert Olson\u2019un \u201cThe Emergence of Kurdish Nationalism and The Sheikh Said Rebellion, 1880-1925\u201d adl\u0131 eserinin T\u00fcrk\u00e7e \u00e7evirisi olan \u201cK\u00fcrt Milliyet\u00e7ili\u011finin Kaynaklar\u0131 ve \u015eeyh Said \u0130syan\u0131 (1880-1925)\u201d adl\u0131 eseri \u00e7eviri a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u00c7eviride sorunlu alanlar tespit edilerek, bunlar orijinal eser ile kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131r\u0131larak, yap\u0131lan yanl\u0131\u015flara i\u015faret edilmi\u015ftir. \u00c7eviride k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck anlam kay\u0131plar\u0131, ifade bozukluklar\u0131, metnin t\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fc etkilemeyen k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck yanl\u0131\u015flar vb. \u015feyler bu makalenin kapsam\u0131 d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda tutulmu\u015ftur. Sadece ve sadece okurun analizini etkileyen, okura yanl\u0131\u015f bilgi veren ve okuru yanl\u0131\u015f y\u00f6ne y\u00f6nlendiren \u00e7eviri yanl\u0131\u015flar\u0131 ele al\u0131nm\u0131\u015f ve bunlar\u0131n alternatif \u00e7evirileri verilerek, gerekti\u011fi yerlerde de yorumlar eklenmi\u015ftir. <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":23108,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1084],"tags":[3215,6196,3379,6301,970,5384,6300,1616,5575],"class_list":["post-23085","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","","category-arastirma","tag-akademik","tag-akademik-makale","tag-arastirma","tag-bilimsel","tag-ceviri","tag-ibrahim-bingol","tag-makale","tag-manset","tag-seyh-said-isyani"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/candname.com\/tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/23085","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/candname.com\/tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/candname.com\/tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/candname.com\/tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/candname.com\/tr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=23085"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/candname.com\/tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/23085\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":23109,"href":"https:\/\/candname.com\/tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/23085\/revisions\/23109"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/candname.com\/tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/23108"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/candname.com\/tr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=23085"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/candname.com\/tr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=23085"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/candname.com\/tr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=23085"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}