{"id":22933,"date":"2023-06-23T07:16:49","date_gmt":"2023-06-23T04:16:49","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/candname.com\/tr\/?p=22933"},"modified":"2023-06-20T12:22:36","modified_gmt":"2023-06-20T09:22:36","slug":"cografyadan-tarihe-anadolu-yarimadasi-neresi-dogu-anadolu-ve-guneydogu-anadolu-neresi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/candname.com\/tr\/?p=22933","title":{"rendered":"CO\u011eRAFYADAN TAR\u0130HE\u2026 ANADOLU YARIMADASI NERES\u0130, \u2018DO\u011eU ANADOLU\u2019 VE \u2018G\u00dcNEYDO\u011eU ANADOLU\u2019 NERES\u0130?"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong>Bu g\u00fcn, \u201cDo\u011fu Anadolu\u201d, \u201cG\u00fcneydo\u011fu Anadolu\u201d denilen yerlerde binlerce y\u0131l, K\u00fcrd ve Ermeni halk\u0131, baz\u0131 b\u00f6lgelerde de Asuri-S\u00fcryani halklar\u0131 ya\u015fad\u0131. Elbette \u00e7e\u015fitli zamanlarda ba\u015fka halklar da b\u00f6lgede g\u00f6r\u00fcld\u00fcler. Zaman zaman T\u00fcrki gruplar\u0131n (Sel\u00e7uk, Artuk, \u2026) b\u00f6lgede egemenlikleri kurulsa da bu egemenlikler daha \u00e7ok \u015fehir merkezlerinde kendini g\u00f6sterdi, k\u0131rsalda yo\u011fun bir T\u00fcrk yerle\u015fimi olu\u015fmad\u0131. Romal\u0131lar, Bizansl\u0131lar, Sel\u00e7uklular, Artuklular vb, b\u00f6lgede i\u015fgalci olarak kal\u0131rken yerle\u015fimci olamad\u0131lar<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Bilindi\u011fi gibi \u201cAnadolu\u201d (<em>Anatolias<\/em>,\u00a0<em>Anatol\u00ea<\/em>), co\u011frafik olarak, Karadeniz, Akdeniz ve Ege Denizi aras\u0131nda kalan bir yar\u0131m adan\u0131n ad\u0131d\u0131r. Yar\u0131m adan\u0131n, g\u00fcneydeki ucu \u0130skenderun K\u00f6rfezi\u2019nde, kuzey ucu Karadeniz\u2019in do\u011fu ucunda, Batum civar\u0131nda bitiyor. Bu iki nokta aras\u0131ndaki \u00e7izginin bat\u0131s\u0131 Anadolu Yar\u0131madas\u0131\u2019d\u0131r, Anadolu\u2019dur. Peki, \u00e7izginin do\u011fusu niye Anadolu oluyor? Yar\u0131m adan\u0131n do\u011fusu ve g\u00fcneydo\u011fusu da sanki Anadolu imi\u015f gibi, oraya \u201cDo\u011fu Anadolu\u201d ve \u201cG\u00fcneydo\u011fu Anadolu\u201d ad\u0131n\u0131 vermek, hangi derin akl\u0131n, hangi derin politikan\u0131n sonucudur? Belirlenen bu yer adlar\u0131n\u0131, bir ezber olarak hepimiz kullan\u0131yoruz veya kullanmak zorunda kal\u0131yoruz.<\/p>\n<p>Oysa Anadolu Yar\u0131madas\u0131\u2019n\u0131n do\u011fusu, co\u011frafi olarak da tarihsel olarak da Anadolu Yar\u0131madas\u0131\u2019n\u0131n bir devam\u0131 de\u011fildir. \u00d6n Asya, Bat\u0131 Asya, Ortado\u011fu, Van G\u00f6l\u00fc Havzas\u0131, Kuzey Mezopotamya gibi co\u011frafi b\u00f6lgelere d\u00e2hil edilebilir. Ama Anadolu ad\u0131yla tan\u0131mlanmas\u0131 kas\u0131tl\u0131 bir anlay\u0131\u015ftan gelmektedir. Erzurum\u2019un, Harput\u2019un, Dersim\u2019in, Bitlis\u2019in, Diyarbekir\u2019in, Urfa\u2019n\u0131n, Anteb\u2019in, Mardin\u2019in, Hakk\u00e2ri\u2019nin, Botan\u2019\u0131n Anadolu Yar\u0131madas\u0131yla ne ilgisi var? En az\u0131ndan F\u0131rat nehrinin do\u011fusunun, Anadolu olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131k de\u011fil midir? Peki, niye b\u00f6yle kullan\u0131l\u0131yor, b\u00f6yle kullan\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131n ne sak\u0131ncas\u0131 ve ne \u00f6nemi var?..<\/p>\n<p>Osmanl\u0131 \u0130mparatorlu\u011fu d\u00f6neminde, genel olarak, bu b\u00f6lge i\u00e7in \u201c\u015eark\u201d veya \u201cDo\u011fu\u201d ifadesi kullan\u0131l\u0131yor, ifadeye \u201cAnadolu\u201d eklenmiyordu. Bazen, \u201cVil\u00e2yat-\u0131 \u015earkiye\u201d veya \u201cOsmanl\u0131n\u0131n Do\u011fu Vilayetleri\u201d ifadesi de kullan\u0131l\u0131yordu. Bir s\u00fcre (\u00f6zellikle 1978 Berlin Antla\u015fmas\u0131\u2019ndan sonra) b\u00f6lgenin bir k\u0131sm\u0131 i\u00e7in \u201cVil\u00e2yat-\u0131 Sitte\u201d (Alt\u0131 Vilayet) ad\u0131 da kullan\u0131ld\u0131. \u201cDo\u011fu Anadolu\u201d ve \u201cG\u00fcneydo\u011fu Anadolu\u201d ifadeleri, T\u00fcrkiye Cumhuriyeti\u2019nin kurulu\u015fundan sonra kullan\u0131lmaya ba\u015fland\u0131. 1941 y\u0131l\u0131nda toplanan Birinci T\u00fcrk Co\u011frafya Kongresi\u2019nde, T\u00fcrkiye yedi co\u011frafik b\u00f6lge olarak belirlendi.\u00a0<em>Ege, Marmara, Akdeniz, Akdeniz, \u0130\u00e7 Anadolu, Do\u011fu Anadolu ve G\u00fcneydo\u011fu Anadolu<\/em>. Dikkat edilirse ilk d\u00f6rt b\u00f6lge adlar\u0131nda \u201cAnadolu\u201d ad\u0131 kullan\u0131lmam\u0131\u015f; \u201cBat\u0131 Anadolu\u201d, \u201cG\u00fcneybat\u0131 Anadolu\u201d, \u201cKuzeybat\u0131 Anadolu\u201d denmemi\u015f.<\/p>\n<p>Tarihte bu co\u011frafyada, pek \u00e7ok halk ya\u015fad\u0131. Bazen Arap cihat\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131 buralara uzand\u0131. 11. y\u00fczy\u0131ldan itibaren Uzak Asya\u2019dan gelen baz\u0131 T\u00fcrk gruplar\u0131, bu b\u00f6lge \u00fczerinden Anadolu\u2019ya ge\u00e7tiler. Sonraki s\u00fcre\u00e7lerde, Anadolu\u2019nun, Anadolu\u2019da ya\u015fayan egemenliklerin ili\u015fkileri Asya\u2019dan \u00e7ok Avrupa ile oldu. Do\u011fu Roma, Bizans ve Osmanl\u0131 d\u00f6nemlerinde hep b\u00f6yleydi. 14. y\u00fczy\u0131l ba\u015f\u0131nda, Marmara b\u00f6lgesinde Osmanl\u0131 Beyli\u011fi veya devleti olu\u015furken Anadolu Yar\u0131madas\u0131 \u201cDo\u011fu Bizans\u201d olarak g\u00f6r\u00fcld\u00fc. Zaten ilk iki y\u00fcz-\u00fc\u00e7 y\u00fcz y\u0131lda, Osmanl\u0131 Devleti, Do\u011fu\u2019dan \u00e7ok Bat\u0131\u2019ya do\u011fru, Balkanlar\u2019a do\u011fru yay\u0131ld\u0131.<\/p>\n<p>Bu g\u00fcn, \u201cDo\u011fu Anadolu\u201d, \u201cG\u00fcneydo\u011fu Anadolu\u201d denilen yerlerde binlerce y\u0131l, K\u00fcrd ve Ermeni halk\u0131, baz\u0131 b\u00f6lgelerde de Asuri-S\u00fcryani halklar\u0131 ya\u015fad\u0131. Elbette \u00e7e\u015fitli zamanlarda ba\u015fka halklar da b\u00f6lgede g\u00f6r\u00fcld\u00fcler. Zaman zaman T\u00fcrki gruplar\u0131n (Sel\u00e7uk, Artuk, \u2026) b\u00f6lgede egemenlikleri kurulsa da bu egemenlikler daha \u00e7ok \u015fehir merkezlerinde kendini g\u00f6sterdi, k\u0131rsalda yo\u011fun bir T\u00fcrk yerle\u015fimi olu\u015fmad\u0131. Romal\u0131lar, Bizansl\u0131lar, Sel\u00e7uklular, Artuklular vb, b\u00f6lgede i\u015fgalci olarak kal\u0131rken yerle\u015fimci olamad\u0131lar. \u00d6rne\u011fin, Artuklular bir d\u00f6nem, Mardin merkezde egemen olurken Mardin\u2019in k\u0131rsal\u0131nda T\u00fcrk yerle\u015fimleri hi\u00e7 olmad\u0131. Artuklular Mardin yak\u0131nlar\u0131nda, bu g\u00fcn Batman il s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131 i\u00e7indeki Hasankeyf\u2019e kadar gelirken Hasankeyf civar\u0131nda hi\u00e7bir T\u00fcrk k\u00f6y\u00fc yoktur. B\u00f6lgenin pek \u00e7ok yerinde de durum b\u00f6yleydi. Zaman zaman ba\u015fka yerlerden b\u00f6lgeye g\u00f6\u00e7le getirilenler olsa da Van-Erzurum b\u00f6lgesi hari\u00e7 hi\u00e7bir yerde kal\u0131c\u0131 duruma gelemediler.<\/p>\n<p>Yak\u0131n zamana kadar, pek \u00e7ok kaynakta, do\u011fru-yanl\u0131\u015f, eksik-fazla bu b\u00f6lgelere\u00a0<em>K\u00fcrdistan<\/em>\u00a0ve\u00a0<em>Ermenistan<\/em>\u00a0deniyordu. Bununla ilgili, y\u00fczlerce, binlerce belge, harita vard\u0131r. \u0130\u015fte i\u015fin s\u0131rr\u0131 da buradad\u0131r. Cumhuriyetin ilk y\u0131llar\u0131nda, Ermeni tehlikesinin kalmad\u0131\u011f\u0131, b\u00f6lgenin yo\u011fun bir K\u00fcrd yerle\u015fimi i\u00e7inde oldu\u011fu s\u0131ralarda, buralar\u0131n \u201cK\u00fcrdistan\u201d olarak g\u00f6r\u00fclmemesi i\u00e7in, bu yapay isimler uyduruldu. Projede \u201cK\u00fcrd\u201d yoktu, tabii ki \u201cK\u00fcrdistan\u201d da olmayacakt\u0131!..<\/p>\n<p>\u0130stedi\u011fi kadar Ermeniler, Erzurum-Van G\u00f6l\u00fc b\u00f6lgesine, \u201cBat\u0131 Ermenistan\u201d (Osmanl\u0131 Ermenistan\u0131); K\u00fcrdler, \u201cKuzey K\u00fcrdistan\u201d desinler; b\u00f6lgenin ad\u0131 bir anda \u201cDo\u011fu Anadolu\u201d, \u201cG\u00fcneydo\u011fu Anadolu\u201d oldu ve hepimiz de bilerek veya bilmeyerek bunu kabul ettik, kullan\u0131yoruz; t\u0131pk\u0131 pek \u00e7ok yerle\u015fim yerinin ad\u0131 gibi. Oralardaki halk\u0131n, Anadolu\u2019da ya\u015fayan halk\u0131n devam\u0131 mesaj\u0131 verildi\u011fini, elbette herkes g\u00f6rmemi\u015f olabilir. Ama bunun, ayn\u0131 zamanda bir n\u00fcfus m\u00fchendisli\u011fi, demografi \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131 oldu\u011fu a\u00e7\u0131kt\u0131r. Zaten yaln\u0131z b\u00f6lge ad\u0131 de\u011fil, b\u00f6lgedeki t\u00fcm yerle\u015fim yerlerine (k\u00f6ylere kadar) yeni adlar uydurulmu\u015f.<\/p>\n<p>Ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z toplumda, tarihin \u00e7arp\u0131t\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, resmi tarihin yanl\u0131\u015flarla dolu oldu\u011funu \u00e7o\u011fumuz biliyoruz ama g\u00f6z \u00f6n\u00fcnde olan, tarihi atlaslarda net olarak g\u00f6r\u00fclen bir co\u011frafyan\u0131n yanl\u0131\u015f adlarla hepimize benimsetilmesi ilgin\u00e7tir. Bunun, \u0130ttihat\u00e7\u0131larla ba\u015flayan Kemalistlerle devam eden, T\u00fcrk \u0130slamc\u0131lar\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan da benimsenen, son y\u00fcz yirmi y\u0131ll\u0131k \u0131rk\u00e7\u0131 bir politikan\u0131n \u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fc oldu\u011funu g\u00f6rmek de \u00e7ok kolay olmayabilir. Bunun i\u00e7in, bu devlet derindir, bunun i\u00e7in olur olmaz yerde, bir\u00e7ok \u015fey i\u00e7in, bu i\u015f\u00a0<em>derin devlet<\/em>\u00a0i\u015fidir deriz. Bu da bildi\u011fimiz veya bilemedi\u011fimiz bu derin i\u015flerden biridir.<\/p>\n<p>Yer isimlerinin de\u011fi\u015ftirilmesi, ki\u015filerin \u00e7ocuklar\u0131na diledi\u011fi ismi verememesi, zaman zaman m\u00fcziklerin yasaklanmas\u0131, hatta mezar ta\u015flar\u0131n\u0131n y\u0131k\u0131lmas\u0131 gibi pek \u00e7ok olay\u0131, zaman zaman sa\u00e7ma, anlams\u0131z buluruz. Oysa bu uygulamalar, hep bir derin akl\u0131n \u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcd\u00fcr. Bunlar\u0131n hepsinin\u00a0<em>derin marifetlerle\u00a0<\/em>yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan \u015f\u00fcpheniz olmas\u0131n. Yap\u0131lanlar\u0131, bazen sa\u00e7ma g\u00f6rsek de insan akliyle alay ediyorlar diye d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnsek de bunu yapanlar, ne yapt\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 iyi biliyorlar. Yap\u0131lanlar\u0131n, ba\u015fka halklar\u0131 yok etme, asimilasyon ama\u00e7l\u0131 oldu\u011fu, en az\u0131ndan bu g\u00fcn k\u0131smen bilinmektedir. Ahlaki olmasa da bunu yapanlar kendilerince ba\u015far\u0131l\u0131 da oldular.<\/p>\n<p>Bu b\u00f6lge ve t\u00fcm Anadolu, dramatik de olsa bir zamanlar halklar mozai\u011fi iken bu g\u00fcn halklar mezarl\u0131\u011f\u0131 oldu. Bu g\u00fcn, T\u00fcrkiye co\u011frafyas\u0131ndan daha k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck olan Balkan ve Kafkas co\u011frafyalar\u0131nda ka\u00e7 ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z, \u00f6zerk halk var, ka\u00e7 dil ya\u015f\u0131yor; 783 bin kilometre kare T\u00fcrkiye co\u011frafyas\u0131nda (t\u00fcm Anadolu ve do\u011fusu, g\u00fcneyi) ka\u00e7 ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z veya \u00f6zerk halk var, ka\u00e7 dil ya\u015f\u0131yor?..<\/p>\n<p>Ba\u015fta Avrupa, Balkanlar, Kafkaslar olmak \u00fczere, \u00e7evremizdeki pek \u00e7ok yerde, en k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck halklar\u0131n bile varl\u0131\u011f\u0131, \u201cAdemi Merkeziyet\u00e7i\u201d sistemlerle korunurken ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z b\u00f6lgede, \u201cMerkeziyet\u00e7i\u201d bir sistemle tek ulusa dayal\u0131,\u00a0<em>tek teklerden\u00a0<\/em>olu\u015fan bir ulus-devlet uydurulmas\u0131, bu g\u00fcn ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z ac\u0131lar\u0131n en b\u00fcy\u00fck sebeplerinden biridir. D\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcn, k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fcc\u00fck bir devlet olan \u0130svi\u00e7re bile ka\u00e7 kantondan olu\u015fuyor? T\u00fcrkiye insanlar\u0131 m\u0131 mutlu, \u0130svi\u00e7re insanlar\u0131 m\u0131?..<\/p>\n<p>Biri, ge\u00e7enlerde ferman buyurdu; \u201cAmedspor yoktur, Amed de yoktur.\u201d Birileri de daha \u00f6nce ferman buyurmu\u015f; Urfa\u2019ya, Mardin\u2019e, Diyarbak\u0131r\u2019a, Hakk\u00e2ri\u2019ye \u201cG\u00fcneydo\u011fu Anadolu\u201d; Erzurum\u2019a, Van\u2019a, Bitlis\u2019e, hatta Kafkaslardaki Kars\u2019a \u201cDo\u011fu Anadolu\u201d denecek; biz de kabul ettik\u2026<\/p>\n<div class=\"post-content \">\n<div class=\"main-post-content margin-b30\">\n<div class=\"post-detail margin-b30\">\n<p>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 H\u00e2li-p\u00fcrmel\u00e2limiz bu, i\u015fin \u00f6zeti bu\u2026<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>Celal Temel \u2013 Ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131 Yazar<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Bitlisname.com&#8217;dan al\u0131nt\u0131d\u0131r.<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"single-share border-bottom\"><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Bu g\u00fcn, \u201cDo\u011fu Anadolu\u201d, \u201cG\u00fcneydo\u011fu Anadolu\u201d denilen yerlerde binlerce y\u0131l, K\u00fcrd ve Ermeni halk\u0131, baz\u0131 b\u00f6lgelerde de Asuri-S\u00fcryani halklar\u0131 ya\u015fad\u0131. Elbette \u00e7e\u015fitli zamanlarda ba\u015fka halklar da b\u00f6lgede g\u00f6r\u00fcld\u00fcler. Zaman zaman T\u00fcrki gruplar\u0131n (Sel\u00e7uk, Artuk, \u2026) b\u00f6lgede egemenlikleri kurulsa da bu egemenlikler daha \u00e7ok \u015fehir merkezlerinde kendini g\u00f6sterdi, k\u0131rsalda yo\u011fun bir T\u00fcrk yerle\u015fimi olu\u015fmad\u0131. Romal\u0131lar, Bizansl\u0131lar, &hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":32,"featured_media":22934,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1084],"tags":[6206,6207,2471,6209,6204,6205,1616,6208,5580,6167],"class_list":["post-22933","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","","category-arastirma","tag-anadolu-yarim-adasi","tag-anatolia","tag-dogu-anadolu","tag-dogu-roma","tag-guneydogu","tag-guneydogu-anadolu","tag-manset","tag-roma","tag-turkler","tag-turkmenler"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/candname.com\/tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/22933","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/candname.com\/tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/candname.com\/tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/candname.com\/tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/32"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/candname.com\/tr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=22933"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/candname.com\/tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/22933\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/candname.com\/tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/22934"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/candname.com\/tr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=22933"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/candname.com\/tr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=22933"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/candname.com\/tr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=22933"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}