{"id":22558,"date":"2023-04-01T21:33:38","date_gmt":"2023-04-01T18:33:38","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/candname.com\/tr\/?p=22558"},"modified":"2023-04-01T21:36:56","modified_gmt":"2023-04-01T18:36:56","slug":"kurt-ismail-pasa-kurdler-ve-hamidiye-alaylari","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/candname.com\/tr\/?p=22558","title":{"rendered":"KURT \u0130SMA\u0130L PA\u015eA, K\u00dcRDLER VE HAM\u0130D\u0130YE ALAYLARI"},"content":{"rendered":"

Avrupal\u0131 ve Amerikal\u0131 Hristiyan misyonerler, d\u00fczenli ve de resmi onayl\u0131 olarak Osmanl\u0131 \u0130mparatorlu\u011fu dahilindeki vilayetlerde yerle\u015fkeler, okullar, kiliseler, dispanserler ve misyon merkezleri kurmu\u015f, temsil ettikleri kurum, organizasyon ve mezhebin felsefesini yaymay\u0131 y\u00fczy\u0131llarca s\u00fcrd\u00fcrm\u00fc\u015flerdir. I. D\u00fcnya Sava\u015f\u0131\u2019n\u0131n ba\u015flamas\u0131 ile birlikte seyahatleri ve faaliyetleri sona eren bu bat\u0131l\u0131lar, arkalar\u0131nda m\u00fcthi\u015f \u00f6neme sahip ar\u015fivler b\u0131rakm\u0131\u015flard\u0131r. G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde \u00e7o\u011fu art\u0131k dijital hale getirilmi\u015f olan ve belli ba\u015fl\u0131 k\u00fct\u00fcphanelerde ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar\u0131 bekleyen eserler hem g\u00f6rsel hem de yaz\u0131l\u0131 belgelere ula\u015fmay\u0131, bilinmeyen veyahut unutulmu\u015f bir\u00e7ok detay\u0131 \u00f6\u011frenmemize imk\u00e2n sa\u011flamakta. Misyonerler ve kurumlar\u0131, tuttuklar\u0131 g\u00fcnl\u00fckler, raporlar ve yay\u0131mlad\u0131klar\u0131 eserler ile olu\u015fturduklar\u0131 o e\u015fsiz ar\u015fivler, biz tarih ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar\u0131 i\u00e7in kelimelerle ifade edilemeyecek birer hazine de\u011ferindedirler. Zira bu sayede, bahse konu olan d\u00f6nem, mek\u00e2n, hegemonya ve toplumlar\u0131n bir\u00e7ok detay\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6\u011frenebiliyoruz. Bat\u0131l\u0131lar\u0131n penceresinden, onlar\u0131n art\u0131 ve eksileri, sempati ve \u00f6nyarg\u0131lar\u0131 ile kaleme al\u0131nm\u0131\u015f olan bu \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n, hakkaniyetle derlenerek asl\u0131na sad\u0131k kal\u0131nm\u0131\u015f bir \u015fekilde \u00e7evirilerinin haz\u0131rlanmas\u0131 \u015fartt\u0131r. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc yak\u0131n tarihimize dair do\u011fru bilinen yanl\u0131\u015flar\u0131n, ya da hi\u00e7 bilinmeyen hakikatlerin en az\u0131ndan bu t\u00fcr ar\u015fivler arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla ortaya \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lmas\u0131 elzemdir.<\/p>\n

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Ak\u0131llara durgunluk verecek bir disiplin, \u00f6zveri ve profesyonellik ile y\u0131llar\u0131n\u0131 misyonerlik faaliyetlerine vererek, arkas\u0131nda muazzam bir ar\u015fiv b\u0131rakan bir \u015fahsiyet de onlarca y\u0131l Mardin\u2019de g\u00f6rev yapm\u0131\u015f olan Amerikal\u0131 Peder Alpheus N. Andrus\u2019dur.<\/p>\n

1843 y\u0131l\u0131nda New York\u2019ta do\u011fan ve orada teoloji e\u011fitimini tamamlayan Andrus, 1868 y\u0131l\u0131nda Mardin\u2019deki misyonerlik merkezine atanarak 1917 y\u0131l\u0131na kadar orada faaliyet g\u00f6stermi\u015ftir. Bir\u00e7ok dil \u00f6\u011frenen Andrus, 49 y\u0131l boyunca Harput\u2019tan Musula\u2019a kadar geni\u015f bir b\u00f6lgede Ermeniler, S\u00fcryaniler ve Keldaniler odakl\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar yapm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Genelde K\u00fcrdler \u00f6zelde de Yezidi K\u00fcrdleri ile ayr\u0131ca ilgilenmi\u015f ve \u0130ncil\u2019i Arap alfabesi kullanarak K\u00fcrd\u00e7e haz\u0131rlam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Zira yukar\u0131da isimleri zikredilen halklar aras\u0131nda hat\u0131r\u0131 say\u0131l\u0131r bir say\u0131da anadili K\u00fcrd\u00e7e olanlar mevcuttu(r). Avrupa\u2019ya yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 ziyaretler s\u0131ras\u0131nda yan\u0131nda getirdi\u011fi bir matbaa makinesi sayesinde bir\u00e7ok \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131 matbu hale getirdi\u011fi gibi, 1877 \u2013 78 Osmanl\u0131 \u2013 Rus sava\u015f\u0131 boyunca ayl\u0131k gazete de \u00e7\u0131karm\u0131\u015f ve geli\u015fmeleri Avrupa ve Amerika\u2019ya bildirmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

\u00c7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131, g\u00f6zlemleri ve misyonerlerin faaliyetleri hakk\u0131nda Amerika\u2019daki misyonerlik merkezine ge\u00e7ti\u011fi raporlar ve g\u00f6nderdi\u011fi makaleler, \u00e7e\u015fitli misyonerlik mecmualar\u0131nda yay\u0131mlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Peder Andrus\u2019un a\u015fa\u011f\u0131da derleme ve \u00e7evirisini payla\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131m \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131 da bu kapsamda onun Amerika\u2019ya g\u00f6nderdi\u011fi ve The Missionary Herald mecmuas\u0131nda 1902 oca\u011f\u0131nda yay\u0131mlanm\u0131\u015f bir makalesidir. \u2018Kurmanci K\u00fcrdleri\u2019<\/em>\u00a0ba\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ile kaleme alm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r bu yaz\u0131s\u0131n\u0131. Mecmuaya g\u00f6nderdi\u011fi makalesinde, Kurt \u0130smail Pa\u015fa\u2019n\u0131n nas\u0131l ve neden K\u00fcrdlerin geleneksel ba\u015f ba\u011flama tarz\u0131na m\u00fcdahale etti\u011fini, genel olarak K\u00fcrdlerin kim oldu\u011funu ve k\u0131sa da olsa Hamidiye Alaylar\u0131na de\u011findi\u011fini g\u00f6r\u00fcyoruz.<\/p>\n

Kaynaklarda genellikle ad\u0131ndan \u2018Kurt \u0130smail Pa\u015fa\u2019 olarak bahsedilse de kendisi aslen Kars \u015euregelli olup, Hatuno\u011fullar\u0131ndan bir K\u00fcrd idi ki ba\u015fka kaynaklarda da \u2018K\u00fcrd \u0130smail Pa\u015fa\u2019 olarak ismi ge\u00e7er. Bu kaynaklar aras\u0131nda 1868 \u2013 75 y\u0131llar\u0131 aras\u0131nda valili\u011fini yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 Diyarbekir\u2019in ismi ile \u00e7\u0131kan, kendisinin kurucusu oldu\u011fu \u2018Diyarbekir Gazetesi\u2019 de bulunmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

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Peder Andrus\u2019un yaz\u0131s\u0131n\u0131, asl\u0131na ve i\u00e7eri\u011fine sad\u0131k kalarak derleyip \u00e7evirerek a\u015fa\u011f\u0131da payla\u015f\u0131yorum.<\/p>\n

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Kurman\u00e7 K\u00fcrdleri<\/strong><\/p>\n

Yazan: Peder Alpheus N. Andrus, Mardin, Do\u011fu T\u00fcrkiye.<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u2018Resimdeki gen\u00e7\u00a0adam Musullu\u00a0bir Protestan\u00a0olup,\u00a0Kurman\u00e7\u00a0K\u00fcrdlerinin\u00a0milli k\u0131yafetini giymektedir.\u00a0Kurman\u00e7 K\u00fcrdleri,\u00a0Diyarbekir\u00a0ile\u00a0Kerk\u00fck aras\u0131ndaki da\u011fl\u0131k b\u00f6lgede,\u00a0Dicle\u00a0Nehri vadisinde ya\u015famaktad\u0131rlar. Dizlerine kadar uzanan beyaz man\u015fetleri, g\u00f6\u011f\u00fcs ve bo\u011faz\u0131\u00a0a\u00e7\u0131k olan g\u00f6mle\u011fine aittir. K\u00fcrdler bo\u011fazlar\u0131n\u0131\u00a0ve\u00a0k\u0131ll\u0131\u00a0g\u00f6\u011f\u00fcslerini\u00a0a\u00e7\u0131k\u00a0tutmay\u0131\u00a0tercih ederler. Parmaklar\u0131na kadar uzanan\u00a0di\u011fer ceket kolu\u00a0man\u015fetleri ise\u00a0alt ceketine aittir\u00a0ki\u00a0bu\u00a0giysiler,\u00a0genelde burada oldu\u011fu gibi,\u00a0d\u00fcz ve bol pantolonlar\u0131n\u00a0yap\u0131m\u0131nda kullan\u0131lan\u00a0ayn\u0131\u00a0malzemeden yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.\u00a0\u00dcr\u00fcnlerkaliteli bir\u00a0Ke\u015fmir\u00a0y\u00fcn\u00fcnden yap\u0131l\u0131r. Bu kuma\u015flar\u0131n yap\u0131m\u0131nda kullan\u0131lan iplikler, bitki pigmentleriyle renklendirilerek,\u00a0dokuma tezg\u00e2hlar\u0131nda tamamen elle\u00a010\u00a0ila\u00a015\u00a0in\u00e7\u00a0aras\u0131nda de\u011fi\u015fen geni\u015fliklerde ve\u00a015\u00a0ila\u00a025\u00a0fit uzunlu\u011funda par\u00e7alar halinde dokunur. Bu\u00a0dokuma\u00a0end\u00fcstrisi;\u00a0\u00f6zellikle\u00a0Siirt, Bitlis ve Van\u2019daki Hristiyan dokumac\u0131lar\u0131n elindedir.<\/p>\n

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\u00dcst ceket ke\u00e7i\u00a0k\u0131l\u0131ndan dokunur. Ya kahverengi ya da siyaht\u0131r. Ancak \u00f6ny\u00fcz\u00fc\u00a0beyaz koyun\u00a0y\u00fcn\u00fcnden\u00a0yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Oval\u00a0desenler,\u00a0alt\u0131n i\u015flemelidir\u00a0ki\u00a0aksi takdirde\u00a0donuk renklere sahip olacak bu\u00a0elbiseye parlakl\u0131k katmaktad\u0131r.\u00a0Ceketin omuzlar\u0131\u00a0ve s\u0131rt\u0131,\u00a0tamamen do\u011fal\u00a0ke\u00e7i\u00a0k\u0131l\u0131 ilekaplanarak ceketin \u00fczerine dikilmi\u015ftir.\u00a0Bu \u015fekilde k\u0131yafet\u00a0ya\u011fmura dayan\u0131kl\u0131\u00a0hale gelir.\u00a0Geni\u015ft\u00fcrbanlar ile sar\u0131larak gizlenmi\u015f bir halde olan ve\u00a0sadece beyaz tepesi\u00a0g\u00f6r\u00fcnen k\u00fclah,\u00a0yumu\u015fak beyaz ke\u00e7eden\u00a0yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.\u00a0Yar\u0131m ila\u00a0\u00fc\u00e7te bir in\u00e7\u00a0kal\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131nda olabilen bu k\u00fclah,\u00a0s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma y\u00f6ntemi ile bast\u0131r\u0131larak\u00a0istenilen\u00a0forma sokulur. Bu\u00a0K\u00fcrd k\u00fclah\u0131,\u00a0\u015fimdi moda olan\u00a0\u015fapkalar\u0131n\u00a0\u00e7ekirde\u011fidir. K\u00fclah\u0131n\u00a0\u00fcst\u00fcnde bulunan ve neredeyse\u00a0onu\u00a0tamamen gizleyen\u00a0t\u00fcrban,\u00a0\u00e7ok renkli pamuklu kuma\u015flardan olu\u015fur.\u00a0\u015eimdi b\u00fcy\u00fck\u00a0\u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde Avrupa\u00a0\u00fcretimi\u00a0olan\u00a0bu kuma\u015flar,\u00a0eskilerinin \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lmadan yenilerinin k\u00fclah \u00fczerine dolanarak\u00a0bayram ve d\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnlerde hep kullan\u0131lmaktalar.\u00a0Oy\u00fczden\u00a0bu ba\u015fl\u0131klar\u00a0y\u00fckseldik\u00e7e y\u00fckselir. Hem kocaman hem de\u00a0ta\u015f\u0131nmas\u0131\u00a0a\u011f\u0131r hale gelen bu ba\u015fl\u0131klar, ebatlar\u0131ndan dolay\u0131 onu ta\u015f\u0131yanlar\u0131n ya\u015fl\u0131 olduklar\u0131n\u0131\u00a0g\u00f6steren\u00a0de\u00a0bir i\u015farettir.\u00a0\u0130ki fit uzunlu\u011funda\u00a0k\u00fclahlar\u00a0ve\u00a0onlar\u0131n \u00fczerinde sar\u0131l\u0131\u00a0d\u00f6rt ila alt\u0131\u00a0in\u00e7\u00a0kal\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131nda\u00a0sar\u0131l\u0131 t\u00fcrbanlar\u00a0vard\u0131. Bu ba\u015fl\u0131klar\u00a0be\u015f\u00a0ila on pound\u00a0aras\u0131nda bir\u00a0a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131\u011fa sahiplerdi.<\/p>\n

Kurt\u00a0\u0130smail Pa\u015fa, 1868 y\u0131l\u0131nda Siirt\u2019i ziyaret etmi\u015f\u00a0ve bu\u00a0ba\u015fl\u0131klar\u0131n\u00a0b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc\u00a0ve a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda\u00a0o\u00a0kadar\u00a0\u015fok olmu\u015ftur ki, bir\u00e7ok\u00a0\u00f6nde gelen\u00a0a\u015firet reislerini\u00a0huzuruna\u00a0\u00e7a\u011f\u0131rm\u0131\u015f\u00a0ve\u00a0adamlar\u0131na\u00a0k\u00fclahlar\u0131n\u00a0neredeyse yar\u0131s\u0131n\u0131\u00a0kestirip\u00a0ba\u015fl\u0131klar\u0131n\u00a0kal\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n yar\u0131s\u0131n\u0131\u00a0\u00e7\u0131karm\u0131\u015f\u00a0ve sonra\u00a0onun belirledi\u011fi tarz\u0131n d\u0131\u015f\u0131na \u00e7\u0131k\u0131lmamas\u0131, aksi taktirde para cezas\u0131na \u00e7arpt\u0131r\u0131laca\u011f\u0131 hususunda\u00a0bir\u00a0talimatname\u00a0yay\u0131nlam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Kedisi uzun s\u00fcre\u00a0Diyarbekir vilayetinin valisi olarak\u00a0g\u00f6rev yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan, belirledi\u011fi bu ba\u015f ba\u011flama tarz\u0131n\u0131n oturmu\u015f oldu ki\u00a0bug\u00fcne kadar\u00a0da halen\u00a0ge\u00e7erlili\u011fini korumaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

\u0130kinci resmimiz bize, bir K\u00fcrd beyine ait olan ve etraf\u0131 hizmetkarlar\u0131n\u0131n sahip oldu\u011fu al\u00e7ak ve bak\u0131ms\u0131z\u00a0evler ile \u00e7evrelenmi\u015f\u00a0kaleyi\u00a0g\u00f6stermektedir.\u00a0Resimde kalenin\u00a0sa\u011f\u0131ndaki\u00a0yap\u0131lar beyinharemlik b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc olurken,\u00a0iki pencereli\u00a0uzun\u00a0yap\u0131 da\u00a0konuklar\u0131n\u0131\u00a0a\u011f\u0131rlad\u0131\u011f\u0131 divan\u0131d\u0131r. Resmin en sa\u011f\u0131nda,\u00a0al\u00e7ak\u00a0bir kap\u0131n\u0131n\u00a0\u00f6n\u00fcnde bir adam g\u00f6r\u00fcyorsunuz\u00a0ve\u00a0onun\u00a0biraz ilerisinde,\u00a0s\u0131rtlar\u0131nda y\u00fckleri ile iki deve ve\u00a0ba\u015fka bir adam var. B\u00fct\u00fcn bunlar\u0131n arka taraf\u0131nda da\u00a0sokakta y\u00fcr\u00fcyen k\u00f6yl\u00fcler.<\/p>\n

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\u00dczerinde silindir \u015feklinde yuvarlak bir ta\u015f\u0131n bulundu\u011fu resmin \u00f6n k\u0131sm\u0131ndaki\u00a0geni\u015f\u00a0beyaz y\u00fczey\u00a0ise,\u00a0bir evin\u00a0dam\u0131\u00a0olup o yuvarlak ta\u015f\u0131n dam boyunca ileri geri g\u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fclmesi ile ya\u011fmurun a\u015fa\u011f\u0131ya s\u0131zmas\u0131 engellenir. Bu topra\u011f\u0131n\u00a0alt\u0131nda\u00a0da\u00a0dam\u0131n sokak y\u00f6n\u00fcndeki kenarlarda d\u00fczensiz u\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131g\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fcz\u00a0kam\u0131\u015ftan yap\u0131lma bir katman\u00a0vard\u0131r. Damda \u00fczeri\u00a0ta\u015fla\u00a0korunan\u00a0\u00e7\u0131k\u0131nt\u0131\u00a0ise evin bacas\u0131d\u0131r. Bu hizmetk\u00e2rlar; a\u011fa diye adland\u0131rd\u0131klar\u0131\u00a0beylerinin\u00a0tarlalar\u0131n\u0131\u00a0bi\u00e7er, eker ve hasat eder ve onun\u00a0bir\u00a0i\u015faretine silahlanarak, ya\u00a0onun\u00a0d\u00fc\u015fman\u0131n\u0131n bir k\u00f6y\u00fcne sald\u0131rmada\u00a0kendisine\u00a0yard\u0131mc\u0131olmak\u00a0i\u00e7in\u00a0ya da kendi k\u00f6ylerini savunmak i\u00e7in haz\u0131r olurlar. Orta\u00a0\u00c7a\u011f\u00a0Avrupa\u2019s\u0131nda var olmu\u015f olan feodalizm,\u00a0t\u00fcm K\u00fcrdistan\u2019da\u00a0bug\u00fcn\u00a0tekrarlan\u0131yor. Bu resmin\u00a0\u00e7ekildi\u011fi k\u00f6y\u00fcn ad\u0131\u00a0Bo\u015fat\u2019t\u0131r ve T\u00fcrkiye\u2019deki Evanjelik kiliselerinin K\u00fcrd\u00e7e\u00a0\u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n\u0131n merkezi olan Farkin\u2019den sadece birka\u00e7saat uzakl\u0131ktad\u0131r. Bu b\u00f6lgelerdeki k\u00f6yl\u00fcler her zaman fakirdir. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc\u00a0mahsullerinin yar\u0131s\u0131ndan fazlas\u0131\u00a0yerel y\u00f6netim ile feodal beyleri aras\u0131nda payla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r ve neredeyse s\u00fcrekli\u00a0ger\u00e7ekle\u015fena\u015firetler aras\u0131\u00a0\u00e7eki\u015fmelerde ya\u011fmalanmalar\u0131\u00a0da nadir de\u011fildir.<\/p>\n

Hamidiye s\u00fcvarilerini belki duymu\u015fsunuzdur.\u00a0\u00a0Bunlar, fikrin mucidi oldu\u011fu i\u00e7in\u00a0\u015fimdiki padi\u015fah\u0131n ad\u0131yla an\u0131lan d\u00fczensiz s\u00fcvari birlikleridir.\u00a0O alaylar\u0131n kurucular\u0131ndan\u00a0biri\u00a0olan Zeki Pa\u015fa\u2019y\u0131\u00a0ve onun t\u00fcmenlerinin\u00a0birinden sorumlu\u00a0ba\u015f\u00a0subay\u0131n\u0131 bir\u00a0sonraki resimde\u00a0g\u00f6r\u00fcyorsunuz ki, Zeki Pa\u015fa\u00a0sa\u011feli bir kitap y\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n\u0131n\u00a0\u00fczerinde masan\u0131n yan\u0131nda dururken g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcyor.<\/p>\n

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S\u0131rr\u0131\u00a0Pa\u015fa\u00a0da\u00a0iki eli masan\u0131n\u00a0\u00fczerinde\u00a0onun\u00a0yan\u0131nda duruyor. Zeki\u00a0Pa\u015fa\u2019n\u0131n d\u00f6neminde\u00a0bu S\u0131rr\u0131 Pa\u015fa\u00a0Diyarbekir vilayetinin genel valisi idi\u00a0ki,\u00a0Diyarbekir\u00a0s\u00fcvari\u00a0t\u00fcmenini\u00a0kurmu\u015ftur. Resimdeki pa\u015falar\u0131n iki yan\u0131nda duran ve Arap ba\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131\u00a0takm\u0131\u015f\u00a0iki adam\u00a0ise\u00a0bu s\u00fcvari birliklerinint\u00fcmgeneralleridir.\u00a0Bu K\u00fcrdler; general olmalar\u0131n\u0131n yan\u0131\u00a0s\u0131ra Diyarbekir\u2019in g\u00fcneyindeki b\u00f6lgelerde K\u00fcrdlerin en\u00a0\u00fcnl\u00fc\u00a0iki reisidirler. Bu d\u00fczensiz s\u00fcvari\u00a0alaylar\u0131, son sekiz y\u0131lda bu b\u00f6lgede meydana gelen rahats\u0131zl\u0131klar\u0131n\u00a0\u00e7o\u011fundan b\u00fcy\u00fck\u00a0\u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde sorumludur. Bu adamlar\u0131n ba\u015flar\u0131n\u0131n \u00fczerinde,\u00a0\u015fimdiki padi\u015fah\u0131n tu\u011fras\u0131\u00a0olan pirin\u00e7ten\u00a0bir rozet g\u00f6r\u00fcyorsunuz\u00a0ki bu rozetler\u00a0onlar\u0131n\u00a0bu d\u00fczensiz s\u00fcvari birli\u011fine\u00a0ba\u011fl\u0131 olduklar\u0131n\u0131\u00a0g\u00f6sterir. Zeki\u00a0Pa\u015fa\u2019n\u0131n\u00a0sa\u011f\u0131ndaki\u00a0ki\u015finin ad\u0131\u00a0Mustafa Pa\u015fa\u2019d\u0131r ve ikametg\u00e2h\u00a0yeri de\u00a0Mardin\u2019in do\u011fusundaki Cizre\u2019dedir. S\u0131rr\u0131\u00a0Pa\u015fa\u2019n\u0131n solundakinin ad\u0131\u00a0ise \u0130brahim Pa\u015fa olup,\u00a0onun\u00a0evi\u00a0de\u00a0Mardin\u2019in bat\u0131s\u0131ndaki\u00a0Viran\u015fehir\u2019dir.<\/p>\n

Son zamanlarda ova Araplar\u0131 (Harran Ovas\u0131 olsa gerek, \u00c7. N.), kendisini feci bir yenilgiden kurtarmak i\u00e7in d\u00fczenli h\u00fck\u00fcmet birliklerini yard\u0131m\u0131na \u00e7a\u011f\u0131rmak zorunda kalan bu pa\u015fan\u0131n komutas\u0131ndaki s\u00fcvarilerle \u00e7ok \u00e7etin bir m\u00fccadeleye giri\u015ftiler. M\u00fccadelenin nedeni, \u015eammar Arap kabilelerine kar\u015f\u0131 yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve b\u00fcy\u00fck ganimet elde etti\u011fi bir ya\u011fma seferinden kaynaklan\u0131yordu. Araplar, \u00e7o\u011funlukla, bu d\u00fczensiz s\u00fcvari birliklerine kat\u0131lmay\u0131 reddetmi\u015ftir. \u015eu anda bu d\u00fczensiz s\u00fcvari birli\u011finden b\u00fcy\u00fck bir g\u00fc\u00e7, Bo\u011fazi\u00e7i k\u0131y\u0131s\u0131ndaki Y\u0131ld\u0131z\u2019da padi\u015fah\u0131n saray\u0131na en yak\u0131n ilk muhaf\u0131z kordonunu olu\u015fturuyor. Bu birliklerin ezici \u00e7o\u011funlu\u011fu yi\u011fit ve g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc K\u00fcrd kavminden olu\u015fturulmu\u015f.<\/p>\n

Peki K\u00fcrdler kimdir? Bu soruya bir\u00e7ok ve de\u011fi\u015fik yan\u0131tlar hep verildi. O y\u00fczden onlar\u0131n k\u00f6kenlerini do\u011fru bir \u015fekilde \u00f6\u011frenmemiz ve emin olabilmemiz i\u00e7in, biraz daha beklememiz gerekiyor herhalde. Baz\u0131lar\u0131 onlar\u0131n Strabo\u2019nun bahsetti\u011fi Gordianlar ile ayn\u0131 kavim olduklar\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6yl\u00fcyor. Ancak biz K\u00fcrdlerin, Ksenophon\u2019un \u2019On Binlerin D\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fc\u2019 adl\u0131 eserinde anlatt\u0131\u011f\u0131 Carduchi\u2019lerle (Karduklar) ayn\u0131 olduklar\u0131n\u0131 biliyoruz. Sonras\u0131nda ise Van, Diyarbekir ve Mezopotamya\u2019n\u0131n b\u00fcy\u00fck bir b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc \u00fczerinde egemenli\u011fi elinde tutan uzun bir krallar silsilesi yer alm\u0131\u015f. Bu krallardan baz\u0131lar\u0131na Mervaniler deniyordu ve bunlar muhtemelen K\u00fcrd k\u00f6kenliydiler. Yine 1185\u20131259 y\u0131llar\u0131 aras\u0131nda Mezopotamya ovalar\u0131nda hakimiyet kuran Eyyubiler ad\u0131nda bir kavim vard\u0131 ki onlar da K\u00fcrd k\u00f6kenliydiler.<\/p>\n

Harput\u2019ta g\u00f6rev yapan Bayan Wheeler, tarih \u00fczerine ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar\u0131 s\u0131ras\u0131nda K\u00fcrdlerin Medlerin soyundan geldi\u011fi sonucuna vard\u0131. Medler, Kitab\u0131 Mukaddes (Genesis) 10:2\u2019de Madai ad\u0131yla an\u0131lan ulusla b\u00fcy\u00fck olas\u0131l\u0131kla ayn\u0131 kavimdirler. Bu konu hakk\u0131nda kendi yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131m \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma da beni ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z olarak ayn\u0131 sonuca g\u00f6t\u00fcrd\u00fc. K\u00fcrdlere hen\u00fcz ula\u015famad\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131za (mezhepsel olarak K\u00fcrdleri iknay\u0131 kastediyor. \u00c7.N.) inan\u0131yoruz. Ancak Tanr\u0131\u2019n\u0131n takdiriyle bir g\u00fcn, m\u00fcjdenin ne\u015feli sesini i\u015fitecek ve memnuniyetle yan\u0131t vereceklerdir. O g\u00fcn\u00fcn \u00e7abuk gelmesi i\u00e7in duada bizimle birlikte olunuz\u2019.<\/p>\n

Kaynak: The Missionary Herald, vol XCVIII, s 43, 1902<\/p>\n

Baran Zeydanl\u0131o\u011flu, 23 Ocak 2023- Bitlisname.com<\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Avrupal\u0131 ve Amerikal\u0131 Hristiyan misyonerler, d\u00fczenli ve de resmi onayl\u0131 olarak Osmanl\u0131 \u0130mparatorlu\u011fu dahilindeki vilayetlerde yerle\u015fkeler, okullar, kiliseler, dispanserler ve misyon merkezleri kurmu\u015f, temsil ettikleri kurum, organizasyon ve mezhebin felsefesini yaymay\u0131 y\u00fczy\u0131llarca s\u00fcrd\u00fcrm\u00fc\u015flerdir. I. D\u00fcnya Sava\u015f\u0131\u2019n\u0131n ba\u015flamas\u0131 ile birlikte seyahatleri ve faaliyetleri sona eren bu bat\u0131l\u0131lar, arkalar\u0131nda m\u00fcthi\u015f \u00f6neme sahip ar\u015fivler b\u0131rakm\u0131\u015flard\u0131r. G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde \u00e7o\u011fu art\u0131k …<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":32,"featured_media":22561,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[118],"tags":[6055,5492,1616,734],"class_list":["post-22558","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","","category-biyografi","tag-diyarbakir-valisi","tag-kurt-ismail-pasa","tag-manset","tag-osmanli"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/candname.com\/tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/22558","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/candname.com\/tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/candname.com\/tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/candname.com\/tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/32"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/candname.com\/tr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=22558"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/candname.com\/tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/22558\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/candname.com\/tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/22561"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/candname.com\/tr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=22558"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/candname.com\/tr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=22558"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/candname.com\/tr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=22558"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}