{"id":22419,"date":"2022-11-28T15:47:52","date_gmt":"2022-11-28T12:47:52","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/candname.com\/tr\/?p=22419"},"modified":"2022-11-27T09:41:46","modified_gmt":"2022-11-27T06:41:46","slug":"bir-kurdun-sahipligi-ve-yonetiminde-cikan-ilk-gunluk-gazete-serbesti-gazetesi-ve-mevlanzade-rifat-2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/candname.com\/tr\/?p=22419","title":{"rendered":"Bir K\u00fcrd\u00fcn Sahipli\u011fi ve Y\u00f6netiminde \u00c7\u0131kan \u0130lk G\u00fcnl\u00fck Gazete: Serbest\u00ee Gazetesi ve Mevlanzade R\u0131fat -2"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u201cBas\u0131n h\u00fcrriyeti, ge\u00e7mi\u015fleri kirli olanlar\u0131n hi\u00e7 i\u015flerine gelmez.\u201d<\/em><\/p>\n

Ahmet Muhtar Pa\u015fa h\u00fck\u00fcmeti 12 Temmuz 1912\u2019de kurulduktan k\u0131sa bir s\u00fcre sonra af \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131l\u0131r, Mevlanzade R\u0131fat bu aftan istifade ederek tekrar \u0130stanbul\u2019a d\u00f6ner. \u201c29 Temmuz tarihinde\u00a0Serbest\u00ee\u00a0<\/em>\u0130stanbul\u2019da yeniden yay\u0131na ba\u015falar ancak k\u0131sa bir m\u00fcddet sonra Eyl\u00fcl 1912\u2019de siyasi bir kararla\u00a0Serbest\u00ee<\/em>\u2019nin yay\u0131n\u0131 durdurulur.\u201d<\/a>[1]<\/a>\u00a0Yorulmaz bir toplumsal h\u00fcrriyet, bas\u0131n ve d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce h\u00fcrriyeti savunucusu olan Mevlanzade R\u0131fat durmaz ve d\u00f6nemin muktedirlerine ve b\u00fct\u00fcn h\u00fcrriyet taraftarlar\u0131na \u015f\u00f6yle seslenir: \u201cEvet biz; h\u00fcrriyetin, hem de s\u0131n\u0131rs\u0131z bir h\u00fcrriyetin a\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131y\u0131z. B\u00fct\u00fcn vatanda\u015flar\u0131m\u0131z\u0131, hatta b\u00fct\u00fcn insanlar\u0131, \u0131rk\u0131 beyaz, sar\u0131 veya siyah ile b\u00fct\u00fcn insaniyetin a\u015fk\u0131m\u0131za ortak olmalar\u0131n\u0131 isteriz. Hatta m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olsa yer k\u00fcresini bir m\u00fc\u015fterek vatan haline d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr\u00fclm\u00fc\u015f oldu\u011funu g\u00f6rmek isteriz.\u201d<\/a>[2]<\/a><\/p>\n

1912\u2019nin sonlar\u0131na do\u011fru\u00a0Serbest\u00ee<\/em>\u00a0yay\u0131n\u0131 durdurulduktan sonra, 1913\u2019te M. R\u0131fat\u2019\u0131n hem \u015fahsi ve hem de fikirsel ya\u015fam\u0131nda \u00f6nemli de\u011fi\u015fiklikler olur. 44 ya\u015f\u0131nda iken d\u00f6nemin sarayda yeti\u015fmi\u015f, \u00f6nemli bir k\u00fclt\u00fcrel ortamdan gelen ve aktivist bir kad\u0131n olan Nuriye Ulviye Han\u0131m\u2019la evlenir. Nuriye Han\u0131m\u2019\u0131n ba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131nda M\u00fcdafaa-i Hukuk-i Nisvan Cemiyeti nam\u0131yla bir kad\u0131nlar cemiyeti kurmu\u015ftu ve bu cemiyetin yay\u0131n organ\u0131 olarak da\u00a0Kad\u0131nlar D\u00fcnyas\u0131<\/em>\u00a0ad\u0131yla bir dergi \u00e7\u0131kart\u0131l\u0131yordu. Nuriye Han\u0131m ayn\u0131 zamanda\u00a0Kad\u0131nlar D\u00fcnyas\u0131<\/em>\u2019n\u0131n ba\u015fyazar\u0131yd\u0131 ve dergideki bir\u00e7ok yaz\u0131 da kendisi taraf\u0131ndan haz\u0131rlan\u0131yordu. Ad\u0131 ge\u00e7en derginin 101. say\u0131s\u0131ndan itibaren art\u0131k Nuriye Han\u0131m \u201cMevlan\u201d soyad\u0131n\u0131 kullanmaya ba\u015flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. 100. say\u0131dan sonra\u00a0Kad\u0131nlar D\u00fcnyas\u0131\u00a0<\/em>gazetesi haftal\u0131k olarak yay\u0131nlan\u0131r, baz\u0131 say\u0131lar\u0131 Serbest\u00ee matbaas\u0131nda bas\u0131lm\u0131\u015f, gazetenin ba\u015fyaz\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7o\u011fu Nuriye Ulviye taraf\u0131ndan yaz\u0131lm\u0131\u015f, farkl\u0131 say\u0131lar\u0131nda Bedirhanilerden \u00fc\u00e7 kad\u0131n yazm\u0131\u015f; Meziyet Bedirhan, Fahriye Bedirhan ve Mes\u2019adet Bedirhan. Bu d\u00f6nemde M. R\u0131fat\u2019\u0131n mesaisinin b\u00fcy\u00fck k\u0131sm\u0131\u00a0Kad\u0131nlar D\u00fcnyas\u0131<\/em>\u2019n\u0131n idarehanesinde ge\u00e7mi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a><\/p>\n

Erkekler D\u00fcnyas\u0131<\/p>\n

Mevlanzade R\u0131fat e\u015fine nazire olsun diye sadece bir say\u0131\u00a0Erkekler D\u00fcnyas\u0131<\/em>\u00a0(6 Kanun-i Sani 1329\/ 19 Ocak 1914) gazetesini \u00e7\u0131kartm\u0131\u015f. \u201c\u0130ki S\u00f6z\u201d ba\u015fl\u0131kl\u0131 giri\u015f yaz\u0131s\u0131nda, bu konudaki d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncelerini \u015f\u00f6yle a\u00e7\u0131klam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r: \u201cErkekler D\u00fcnyas\u0131<\/em>\u00a0bas\u0131n sahas\u0131na at\u0131ld\u0131 ve vazifesine ba\u015flad\u0131. \u0130htimal ki bu isimden,\u00a0Erkekler D\u00fcnyas\u0131<\/em>\u00a0isminden \u201cKad\u0131nlar D\u00fcnyas\u0131\u201d<\/em>na, kad\u0131nlar\u0131n me\u015fru m\u00fccadelesine z\u0131t bir konum, z\u0131t bir meslek takip olunaca\u011f\u0131 zannedilsin. Erkekler s\u0131rf erkeklik, hayatta s\u0131rf erkeklerin m\u00fccadelesinde bulunmas\u0131 maksatlar\u0131 hat\u0131ra gelsin. Hay\u0131r;\u00a0Erkekler D\u00fcnyas\u0131<\/em>, bu hastal\u0131kl\u0131 fikir ve itikad\u0131 takip etmez ve etmeyecektir. Bug\u00fcn d\u00fcnyan\u0131n her taraf\u0131nda, hatta \u00c7in\u2019de ve Japonya\u2019da bile ailenin varl\u0131\u011f\u0131 milletin varl\u0131\u011f\u0131d\u0131r. Velhas\u0131l insaniyetin tek bir ayakla kem\u00e2l\u00e2ta ve y\u00fckselmeye do\u011fru y\u00fcr\u00fcyemeyece\u011fi anla\u015f\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Kad\u0131na da erkekler gibi hukuk vermek, erkekler gibi hayat m\u00fccadelesinde serbest b\u0131rakmak l\u00fczumu idrak edilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

Erkekler D\u00fcnyas\u0131<\/em>; beyhude zorbal\u0131klara, tehlikeli gururlara kap\u0131lan cahil tabakan\u0131n efk\u00e2r ve dima\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ayd\u0131nlatmak ve terbiyeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015farak kad\u0131n haklar\u0131n\u0131 da daha geni\u015f \u00e7er\u00e7evede m\u00fcdafaa edecektir\u2026\u201d<\/a>[3]<\/a>\u00a0Nuriye han\u0131m\u0131n dedi\u011fine g\u00f6re, b\u00f6yle bir derginin yay\u0131nlanmas\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncesi M. R\u0131fat taraf\u0131ndan \u00f6nerilmi\u015f ve 163. say\u0131dan itibaren de M. R\u0131fat\u2019\u0131n kendisi bu gazetenin sorumlu m\u00fcd\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc \u00fcstlenmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

Bu d\u00f6nemde M. R\u0131fat\u2019ta g\u00f6r\u00fclen di\u011fer bir \u00f6nemli yenilik ise, fikirsel de\u011fi\u015fimdir. Daha \u00a0\u00f6nceleri Osmanl\u0131n\u0131n kurtulu\u015fu ve Osmanl\u0131 milletler sorunun \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fc i\u00e7in savundu\u011fu \u201c\u0130tihad-\u0131 Osmani\u201d \u00e7er\u00e7evesinde \u201cAdem-i Merkezi\u201d y\u00f6netimler olu\u015fturulmas\u0131 gibi \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcmlerden uzakla\u015f\u0131r ve mesaisini a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131kl\u0131 olarak K\u00fcrd millet sorununun \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fc i\u00e7in harcar. Bu s\u00fcre\u00e7ten sonra K\u00fcrdistan sorunuyla ilgili aray\u0131\u015flar\u0131 \u00e7er\u00e7evesinde, d\u00f6nemin K\u00fcrd \u00f6rg\u00fctleri ve \u00e7\u0131kard\u0131klar\u0131 yay\u0131nlarla ili\u015fkisi daha da artm\u0131\u015f, bu yay\u0131nlar arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla yazmaya ve konuyu tart\u0131\u015fmaya ba\u015flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. K\u00fcrd Talebe H\u00eav\u00ee Cemiyeti\u2019ne ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak yay\u0131nlanan\u00a0Hetaw\u00ee Kurd<\/em>\u00a0dergisine g\u00f6nderdi\u011fi mektupta \u015f\u00f6yle demektedir: \u015eimdi biz K\u00fcrdlere d\u00fc\u015fen vazife; ba\u015f\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n \u00e7aresine bizzat bakmakt\u0131r. Do\u011fal olarak hi\u00e7bir K\u00fcrd \u0131rk\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6lmesini, insanl\u0131k i\u00e7erisinde s\u00f6nmesini, \u0131rkda\u015f\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan yutulmas\u0131n\u0131 istemez. Bundan \u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fc \u201cBa\u015f\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n \u00e7aresine bizzat bakal\u0131m\u201d c\u00fcmlesine her K\u00fcrd\u00fcn i\u015ftirak etmesi laz\u0131md\u0131r.\u201d<\/a>[4]<\/a>\u00a0Bu tart\u0131\u015fmalar devam ederken Birinci D\u00fcnya Sava\u015f\u0131 ba\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, siyasi iktidar taraf\u0131ndan b\u00fct\u00fcn K\u00fcrd cemiyetleri kapat\u0131l\u0131r ve onlara ba\u011fl\u0131 yay\u0131nlar da durdurulur. D\u00f6rt y\u0131ll\u0131k sava\u015f s\u00fcresince M. R\u0131fat\u2019\u0131n g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcr bir \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131na rastlamad\u0131m.<\/p>\n

30 Ekim 1918\u2019de imzalanan Mondros Ate\u015fkes Antla\u015fmas\u0131\u2019ndan hemen sonra M. R\u0131fat, aktif olarak siyasal ve yay\u0131n faaliyetlerine girmi\u015f. Mehmed Emin \u00c2li Bedirhan\u2019la ve di\u011fer arkada\u015flar\u0131yla birlikte 22 Te\u015frin-i Evvel 1334\u2019te (22 Ekim 1918\u2019de) Radikal Avam F\u0131rkas\u0131 kurmu\u015flar ve bu partinin yay\u0131n organ\u0131 olarak da\u00a0\u0130nk\u0131lab-\u0131 Be\u015fer<\/em>\u00a0adl\u0131 bir gazete yay\u0131nlamaya ba\u015flam\u0131\u015f. Bundan yakla\u015f\u0131k iki ayl\u0131k bir m\u00fcddet sonra da 17 Kanun-i Evvel 1334\u2019te (17 Aral\u0131k 19182\u2019de) Seyid Abd\u00fclkadir ba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131nda K\u00fcrdistan Teali Cemiyeti (KTC) kurulur. Seyid Abd\u00fclkadir ve arkada\u015flar\u0131n\u0131n giri\u015fimleriyle Mevlanzade R\u0131fat ve Em\u00een \u00c2l\u00ee Bedirhan ikna edilerek KTC\u2019ine kat\u0131lmalar\u0131 sa\u011flan\u0131r. Kendi deyi\u015fiyle M. R\u0131fat KTC\u2019nin merkez y\u00f6netiminde yer al\u0131r.<\/a>[5]<\/a>\u00a0Bu s\u00fcre\u00e7te\u00a0Serbest\u00ee<\/em>\u00a0gazetesi, 9 Kanun-i Evvel (Aral\u0131k) 1918\u2019de Mevlanzade R\u0131fat\u2019\u0131n sorumlu m\u00fcd\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnde yeniden yay\u0131na ba\u015flar. Bu d\u00f6nemde\u00a0Serbest\u00ee<\/em>, KTC\u2019nin ama\u00e7lar\u0131na paralel bir yay\u0131n politikas\u0131 izlemektedir, ba\u015f edit\u00f6r\u00fc M. R\u0131fat ve yard\u0131mc\u0131 edit\u00f6r ise Celadet Bedirhan\u2019d\u0131r.\u00a0Serbest\u00ee<\/em>\u00a0aral\u0131klarla 1922\u2019lerin sonlar\u0131na kadar yay\u0131n\u0131n\u0131 s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fcr ve toplam olarak 770 say\u0131 yay\u0131nlan\u0131r.<\/p>\n

KTC\u2019ne ba\u011fl\u0131 yay\u0131n organlar\u0131 ve\u00a0Serbest\u00ee\u00a0<\/em>gazetesi bu d\u00f6nemde, gerek KTC ve faaliyetlerine y\u00f6nelik ve gerekse de M. R\u0131fat\u2019\u0131n \u015fahs\u0131na y\u00f6nelik Kemalistlerin as\u0131ls\u0131z kar\u015f\u0131t propagandalar\u0131n\u0131 da te\u015fhir etmeye devam etmi\u015ftir. K\u00fcrdistan Teali Cemiyeti\u2019nin yay\u0131mlanan bir tekzip yaz\u0131s\u0131nda,\u00a0\u0130dareyi Milliye<\/em>\u00a0ve\u00a0Albayrak<\/em>\u00a0gazetelerinin \u201cElaz\u0131\u011f Valisi Ali Galip Olay\u0131\u201d gibi as\u0131ls\u0131z propagandalar\u0131 \u00e7ok a\u00e7\u0131k bir \u015fekilde te\u015fhir edilmektedir. \u201c\u0130dareyi Milliye<\/em>\u00a0ve\u00a0Albayrak<\/em>\u00a0gazetelerinde yer alm\u0131\u015f Malatya vakas\u0131 nam\u0131nda vukua gelen bir hadisenin cereyan\u0131ndan bahseden beyanname, hakikatleri tahrif ile K\u00fcrdler hakk\u0131nda baz\u0131 isnatlarda bulundu\u011fundan, yap\u0131lan isnatlar\u0131 kemali nefretle reddeder ve K\u00fcrdlerden hi\u00e7 kimsenin Elaziz valisi Ali Galip Beyin harekat\u0131na i\u015ftirak etmedi\u011fini beyan eyleriz.<\/p>\n

\u0130dari heyetimiz azas\u0131ndan Mevlanzade R\u0131fat Bey, M\u00fctarekeden beri \u0130stanbul\u2019u terketmemi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

K\u00fcrdlerin milli hukukunu tan\u0131mak istemeyen her z\u00fcmre ve bilhassa Te\u015fkilat-\u0131 Milliye ile hi\u00e7 bir alaka ve rab\u0131tam\u0131z (ba\u011f\u0131m\u0131z) yoktur, olamaz. Cemiyetimiz taraf\u0131ndan Paris Konferans\u0131\u2019na K\u00fcrdistan hududuyla milli talepleri hakk\u0131nda verdikleri karar\u0131n \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f\u0131na kadar K\u00fcrdistan\u2019da s\u00fckun ve asayi\u015fin devam\u0131ndan ba\u015fka bir maksat takip etmemekte oldu\u011fu izah olunur.\u201d<\/a>[6]<\/a>\u00a0Malum \u00e7evrelerin bug\u00fcn de akademik unvanlarla yazd\u0131klar\u0131 ve yapt\u0131klar\u0131 ara\u015ft\u0131rmalarda, M. R\u0131fat\u2019a iftiralar at\u0131p ate\u015f p\u00fcsk\u00fcrtmelerinin nedenlerinden biri de ge\u00e7mi\u015ften beri gelen bu kar\u015f\u0131tl\u0131k ve d\u00fc\u015fmanl\u0131kt\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Serbest\u00ee\u00a0<\/em>gazetesi zaman zaman yay\u0131na ara verse de Osmanl\u0131 son d\u00f6neminin en uzun \u00f6m\u00fcrl\u00fc K\u00fcrt gazetesi olup yay\u0131n hayat\u0131 12 y\u0131ldan fazla s\u00fcrm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. \u015e\u00fcphesiz bu uzun yay\u0131n d\u00f6nemi i\u00e7erisinde M. Rifat\u2019\u0131n fikirlerinde ve\u00a0Serbest\u00ee<\/em>\u2019nin yay\u0131n politikas\u0131nda da de\u011fi\u015fimler olmu\u015ftur. Bu de\u011fi\u015fimler genel olarak \u00fc\u00e7 farkl\u0131 d\u00f6neme ayr\u0131larak incelenebilir.<\/p>\n

Birinci d\u00f6nem, gazetenin yay\u0131na ba\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131 zamandan 31 Mart Vakas\u0131\u2019na kadar olan s\u00fcreyi kapsar. Bu s\u00fcre\u00e7teki yay\u0131n politikas\u0131n\u0131n temel prensiplerini \u015f\u00f6yle s\u0131ralamak m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr: Tarafs\u0131z ve h\u00fcr bir yay\u0131n olmak, Me\u015frutiyet kazan\u0131mlar\u0131n\u0131 korumak, istibdat rejimini tamamen ortadan kald\u0131rmak, \u201c\u0130ttihad-\u0131 Osman\u00ee\u201dyi koruyarak \u201cAdem-i Merkeziyeti\u201d sa\u011flamak, \u0130ttihat ve Terakki rejimine kar\u015f\u0131 aktif bir muhalefet yapmak, din ve unsur ayr\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 yapmadan bask\u0131 alt\u0131ndaki b\u00fct\u00fcn vatanda\u015flar\u0131n sesi olabilmek.<\/p>\n

\u0130kinci d\u00f6nem olarak adland\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131m s\u00fcre\u00e7, M. R\u0131fat\u2019\u0131n M\u0131s\u0131r s\u00fcrg\u00fcn\u00fcyle ba\u015flay\u0131p Paris Atina ve tekrar \u0130stanbul\u2019a d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015fle devam eder, Bursa\u2019ya s\u00fcrg\u00fcn ve 1912\u2019lerin sonlar\u0131nda yay\u0131n faaliyetlerinin durdurulmas\u0131na kadarki s\u00fcreyi kapsar.\u00a0Serbest\u00ee<\/em>, Paris\u2019te \u015eerif Pa\u015fa\u2019n\u0131n maddi deste\u011fiyle yay\u0131mlan\u0131r. Bu durumu \u00f6\u011frenen d\u00f6nemin y\u00f6neticileri ilgili birimlere \u015f\u00f6yle bir uyar\u0131da bulunurlar: \u201cMevlanz\u00e2de R\u0131fat taraf\u0131ndan Paris\u2019te yay\u0131nlanan\u00a0Serbest\u00ee\u00a0<\/em>gazetesi h\u00fck\u00fcmet aleyhinde ne\u015friyat yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan yurda sokulmamas\u0131 ve da\u011f\u0131t\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n yasakland\u0131\u011f\u0131.\u201d<\/a>[7]<\/a><\/p>\n

\u00dc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc d\u00f6nem ise, yakla\u015f\u0131k be\u015f y\u0131ll\u0131k aradan sonra 1918\u2019de K\u00fcrdistan Teali Cemiyeti (KTC)\u2019nin yay\u0131n organ\u0131 olarak yeniden yay\u0131nlanmas\u0131ndan 1922\u2019lere kadar devam eden s\u00fcreyi kapsar. Bu d\u00f6nemdeki yazar kadrosunun \u00f6nemli bir b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc KTC\u2019nin \u00fcyeleridir. Bedirhan karde\u015flerden Celadet gazetenin yard\u0131mc\u0131 edit\u00f6r\u00fc, Kamuran ise k\u00f6\u015fe yazar\u0131d\u0131r. \u015eair Abdurrahman Rahmi Hakkari de gazetede yazan \u00f6nemli K\u00fcrd kalemlerinden biridir. KTC\u2019nin b\u00f6l\u00fcnmesi s\u00fcrecinde Emin \u00c2l\u00ee Bedirhan ile birlikte ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131k yanl\u0131s\u0131 K\u00fcrtd Te\u015fkilat\u0131 \u0130\u00e7timaiye Cemiyeti\u2019nde yer al\u0131r. Bu devrede Mevlanz\u00e2de R\u0131fat, K\u00fcrt milliyet\u00e7i hareketinin merkezinde yer alm\u0131\u015f, bir taraftan \u00f6rg\u00fctl\u00fc ve siyasi \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fcrken bir yandan da\u00a0Serbest\u00ee\u00a0<\/em>gazetesinin yay\u0131n\u0131n\u0131 s\u00fcrd\u00fcrm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr.<\/p>\n

\u0130stanbul\u2019un Ankara H\u00fck\u00fcmeti\u2019nin denetimine ge\u00e7mesiyle birlikte bir\u00e7ok K\u00fcrt ayd\u0131n\u0131 ve siyaset\u00e7isi gibi M. R\u0131fat da \u0130stanbul\u2019u terk etmek zorunda kalm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. B\u00f6ylece\u00a0Serbest\u00ee\u00a0<\/em>gazetesinin yay\u0131n\u0131 son bulur. Lozan Antla\u015fmas\u0131\u2019n\u0131n imzalanmas\u0131ndan sonra, o da s\u00fcrg\u00fcn edilen 150\u2019likler listesinde yer al\u0131r ve Halep\u2019e yerle\u015fir. M. R\u0131fat, \u0130kinci Me\u015frutiyet\u2019in ilan\u0131ndan sonra Osmanl\u0131 siyasal ve bas\u0131n hayat\u0131nda aktif olarak yer alm\u0131\u015f, ayn\u0131 zamanda K\u00fcrt milliyet\u00e7i hareketinin \u00f6nc\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc yapan \u00f6nemli \u015fahsiyetlerden biri olup gazeteci, yay\u0131nc\u0131, yazar ve siyaset\u00e7i kimlikleriyle tan\u0131nmaktad\u0131r. M. R\u0131fat,\u00a0Serbest\u00ee\u00a0<\/em>Gazetesi\u2019nin yan\u0131 s\u0131ra\u00a0Hukuk-i<\/em>\u00a0Um\u00fbmiye, \u0130nk\u0131lab-i Be\u015fer, \u00c2kil, Ahal\u00ee, Me\u015fr\u00fbtiyet, Faruk, Cihad, Kad\u0131nlar D\u00fcnyas\u0131, Erkekler D\u00fcnyas\u0131\u00a0<\/em>vd. gazete ve dergilerin de sahipli\u011fi veya belli d\u00f6nemlerde sorumlu m\u00fcd\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc yapm\u0131\u015f, ayn\u0131 zamanda farkl\u0131 gazete ve dergilerde de \u00e7ok say\u0131da yaz\u0131s\u0131 yay\u0131mlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu konuda daha fazla bilgi edinmek i\u00e7in, \u0130BV yay\u0131nlar\u0131nda \u00e7\u0131kan \u201cMevlanzade Rifat \u00fb Serbest\u00ee\u201d adl\u0131 kitab\u0131mdan istifade edebilirsiniz.<\/p>\n

K\u00fcrdistan \u0130stiklal Komitesi\u2019nin \u00f6rg\u00fctlemesiyle \u015eeyh Said\u2019in sahadaki liderli\u011finde ger\u00e7ekle\u015fen 1925 K\u00fcrd hareketi s\u00fcrecinde ve sonras\u0131nda, bir\u00e7ok siyasi ve diplomatik giri\u015fimlerde yer alm\u0131\u015f. Bu ama\u00e7la 11 May\u0131s 1926\u2019da \u00c7erkez Ethem ve \u0130hsan Nuri\u2019yle birlikte Ba\u011fdat\u2019a ziyarette bulunmu\u015flar.<\/a>[8]<\/a>\u00a0Halep\u2019teyken kurulan Xoyb\u00fbn (Hoybun-Ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131k) \u00f6rg\u00fct\u00fc \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131na kat\u0131lm\u0131\u015f. Mevlanzade R\u0131fat\u2019\u0131n kalbi ya\u015fanan ba\u015f d\u00f6nd\u00fcr\u00fcc\u00fc geli\u015fmeler, ihanetler ve yenilgilere fazla dayanamam\u0131\u015f ve 8 Eyl\u00fcl 1930\u2019da ge\u00e7irdi\u011fi kalp krizi sonucu hayata veda etmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

<\/a>[1]<\/a>\u00a0Ali Birnci, Tarihin G\u00f6lgesinde Me\u015fahir-i Me\u00e7huleden Birka\u00e7 Z\u00e2t, Dergah Yay\u0131nlar\u0131, 2001, s. 383<\/p>\n

<\/a>[2]<\/a>\u00a0Mevlanzade R\u0131fat,\u00a0Hakk\u0131-\u0131 Vatan Yahut Tariki M\u00fccahedede Hakikat Ketm Edilemez (Vatan Hakk\u0131 Yahut M\u00fccadele Yolunda Hakikat Gizlenemez)<\/em>, Serbesti Matbaas\u0131, \u0130stanbul, 1328<\/p>\n

<\/a>[3]<\/a>\u00a0Erkekler D\u00fcnyas\u0131<\/em>,\u00a0\u0130ki s\u00f6z,\u00a0<\/em>No: 1, s. 2, Pazartesi, 6 Kanuni Sani 1329 (19 Ocak 1914)<\/p>\n

<\/a>[4]<\/a>\u00a0Hetaw\u00ee Kurd<\/em>, say\u0131: 2, 21 Te\u015frin-i Sani Sene 1329<\/p>\n

<\/a>[5]<\/a>\u00a0Mevlanz\u00e2de Rifat;\u00a0T\u00fcrkiye \u0130nk\u0131lab\u0131n\u0131n \u0130\u00e7y\u00fcz\u00fc<\/em>, P\u0131nar yay\u0131nlar\u0131. \u0130stanbul, 2000, s. 270<\/p>\n

<\/a>[6]<\/a>\u00a0Kurdistan<\/em>, No: 15, 29 Te\u015frin-i Evvel 1335, s. 190<\/p>\n

<\/a>[7]<\/a>\u00a0BOA, 604-97, 30-05-1325 (H).<\/p>\n

<\/a>[8]<\/a>\u00a0D\u00eeyar\u00ee Kurdistan<\/em>, no: 16, 11 May\u0131s 1926<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u201cBas\u0131n h\u00fcrriyeti, ge\u00e7mi\u015fleri kirli olanlar\u0131n hi\u00e7 i\u015flerine gelmez.\u201d Ahmet Muhtar Pa\u015fa h\u00fck\u00fcmeti 12 Temmuz 1912\u2019de kurulduktan k\u0131sa bir s\u00fcre sonra af \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131l\u0131r, Mevlanzade R\u0131fat bu aftan istifade ederek tekrar \u0130stanbul\u2019a d\u00f6ner. \u201c29 Temmuz tarihinde\u00a0Serbest\u00ee\u00a0\u0130stanbul\u2019da yeniden yay\u0131na ba\u015falar ancak k\u0131sa bir m\u00fcddet sonra Eyl\u00fcl 1912\u2019de siyasi bir kararla\u00a0Serbest\u00ee\u2019nin yay\u0131n\u0131 durdurulur.\u201d[1]\u00a0Yorulmaz bir toplumsal h\u00fcrriyet, bas\u0131n ve d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce …<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":32,"featured_media":22421,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[5357],"tags":[1616,5997],"class_list":["post-22419","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","","category-yayincilik","tag-manset","tag-mevlanzade-rifat"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/candname.com\/tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/22419","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/candname.com\/tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/candname.com\/tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/candname.com\/tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/32"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/candname.com\/tr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=22419"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/candname.com\/tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/22419\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/candname.com\/tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/22421"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/candname.com\/tr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=22419"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/candname.com\/tr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=22419"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/candname.com\/tr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=22419"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}