Mitolojilerde tanr\u0131lar, tanr\u0131\u00e7alar ve krallar\u0131n yarat\u0131l\u0131\u015f ve ya\u015fay\u0131\u015f \u00f6yk\u00fclerini \u00f6l\u00fcler diyar\u0131 ve tufan mitlerinin tarihteki ilk b\u00fct\u00fcnl\u00fckl\u00fc \u00f6rne\u011fini i\u00e7inde bar\u0131nd\u0131r\u0131r. Bununla birlikte her \u015fey maddi bir ger\u00e7ekli\u011fe dayand\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan, maddi ger\u00e7ekli\u011fi olmayan hi\u00e7bir \u015fey yoktur. Mitolojide her ne kadar g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde s\u00f6ylence olarak tabir edilse de, esas\u0131nda maddi ger\u00e7ekli\u011fin destans\u0131, masals\u0131 hali anlat\u0131m\u0131d\u0131r. K\u00f6leci uygarl\u0131\u011fa ve daha \u00f6ncesine k\u00f6kleri dayanmakla birlikte, daha \u00e7ok k\u00f6leci d\u00f6nemde bir insan yarat\u0131m\u0131 olarak ger\u00e7eklik mitoloji ile bu d\u00f6nemin egemen ko\u015fullar\u0131na uygun maskelenip insanlara bu tarz maskelenmi\u015f bir ya\u015fam sunulmu\u015ftur. Bununla mevcut ya\u015fam ko\u015fullar\u0131, \u00e7o\u011fu zaman me\u015frula\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmak istenmi\u015ftir. Maskenin arkas\u0131nda d\u00fcnyevi olan sosyal, siyasal \u00e7at\u0131\u015fmalar ve iktidar olgusu vard\u0131r.<\/p>\n
Yunan mitolojisindeki evrenin ve insan\u0131n yarat\u0131l\u0131\u015f \u00f6yk\u00fcs\u00fc S\u00fcmer M\u0131s\u0131r ve Babil mitolojilerinin bir versiyonudur. Yunan mitolojisinde oldu\u011fu gibi Bat\u0131 mitleri \u00e7o\u011funlukla kayna\u011f\u0131n\u0131 Ortado\u011fu’dan al\u0131rlar. Kad\u0131n damgal\u0131 Neolitik Tanr\u0131\u00e7a k\u00fclt\u00fcn\u00fcn k\u00fclt\u00fcrel yay\u0131lmayla Bat\u0131ya kadar gitmesiyle, S\u00fcmer Rahiplerince olu\u015fturulan Mitolojik erkek Tanr\u0131larda k\u00f6leci uygarl\u0131kla birlikte buna e\u015f bir yay\u0131l\u0131m g\u00f6sterirler. Bunun i\u00e7in Yunan mitolojisindeki Tanr\u0131lar ve Tanr\u0131\u00e7alar S\u00fcmer, Babil mitinin bir t\u00fcrevidir.<\/p>\n
Animizmin ba\u015fat oldu\u011fu \u00e7ok Tanr\u0131l\u0131da diyebilece\u011fimiz dinler d\u00f6neminde Ana Tanr\u0131\u00e7alar taraf\u0131ndan bir \u00e7ok canl\u0131 varl\u0131k simgele\u015ftirilip bunlara toplumsal de\u011ferler atfedilmi\u015f ve anlamsal k\u0131l\u0131nm\u0131\u015flard\u0131r. Bunlardan genellikle Ana Tanr\u0131\u00e7an\u0131n ba\u015f\u0131nda ve elinde ta\u015f\u0131d\u0131\u011f\u0131 y\u0131lan fig\u00fcr\u00fc anlamsal bazda “ba\u015ftan \u00e7\u0131karmay\u0131” simgelemektedir. Yine ant\u0131n hilal kaynakl\u0131 K\u00fcrt mitolojisinde i\u00e7erdi\u011fi dikkat \u00e7ekici fig\u00fcrler ile bir\u00e7ok yery\u00fcz\u00fcne yay\u0131lm\u0131\u015f mitolojik fig\u00fcr\u00fcn ana kayna\u011f\u0131n\u0131 te\u015fkil eder niteliktedir. \u00d6rne\u011fin K\u00fcrt mitolojisinde ba\u015f\u0131nda ta\u00e7, kula\u011f\u0131nda k\u00fcpe, gerdan\u0131na kolye tak\u0131l\u0131 olan ve g\u00fczelli\u011fi ile g\u00f6z kama\u015ft\u0131ran kad\u0131n ba\u015fl\u0131 y\u0131lan \u00e7a\u011flardan bu yana tabletlere kaz\u0131lm\u0131\u015f bir fig\u00fcr olarak \u015eahmaran\u0131 simgelemektedir. Bu motif Mezopotamya\u2019da yayg\u0131n olmakla birlikte K\u00fcrdistanda\u00a0 \u015eahmaran\u0131 simgeleyen bir tablo olarak hemen hemen her evde bulunur. K\u00fcrt halk\u0131n\u0131n \u015eahmaran\u0131 bu denli sahiplenmesi de Anatanr\u0131\u00e7a k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcn kendilerinde halen yayg\u0131n bir \u015fekilde bulunmas\u0131ndan \u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fcd\u00fcr. O d\u00f6nemden edindi\u011fi bir\u00e7ok toplumsal\u00a0 de\u011feri-\u00f6zelli\u011fi halen kendinde ta\u015f\u0131maktad\u0131r. K\u00fcrt mitolojisi isimli kitab\u0131nda yazar Cem\u015fit Bender Toros-Zagros havzas\u0131na Tanr\u0131\u00e7alar\u0131n ellerinde ta\u015f\u0131d\u0131\u011f\u0131 y\u0131lan motifi,y\u0131lan mitosundaki iyilik-k\u00f6t\u00fcl\u00fck dualizminin bir zenginlik g\u00f6stergesi oldu\u011funu belirtir. Y\u0131lan\u0131n s\u00fcrekli g\u00f6mlek de\u011fi\u015ftirmesi, s\u00fcrekli gen\u00e7 kalmay\u0131 i\u015faret etmektedir inanca g\u00f6re.<\/p>\n
K\u00fcrt toplumunda inan\u00e7 rit\u00fcellerinde bile y\u0131lan\u0131n varl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve \u00f6nemi bilinmektedir. Mesela Ezidi insanlar\u0131n merkezi olan Lale\u015fteki \u015eeyh Adiy t\u00fcrbesinin duvar\u0131nda bulunan y\u0131lan motifi hac d\u00f6neminde \u00f6p\u00fclmektedir. Yine ayn \u015fekilde Batman\u0131n Be\u015firi\/Qub\u00een\u00ea il\u00e7esine ba\u011fl\u0131 bir\u00e7ok Ezidi k\u00f6ylerinde ev kap\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n sa\u011f k\u0131sm\u0131nda siyah y\u0131lan fig\u00fcr\u00fc bulunmaktad\u0131r. Yine Ezidilikte y\u0131lan adeta bir \u015fifa kayna\u011f\u0131d\u0131r. Kutsall\u0131\u011f\u0131 bu y\u00fczdendir.<\/p>\n
\u00d6zcesi Ararat (A\u011fr\u0131) da\u011f\u0131 eteklerinde medeniyete be\u015fiklik eden\u00a0 Aras nehrinin (\u00c7eme Erez) \u00f6te taraf\u0131 olan Ermenistan\u0131n Erivan\u0131 bu taraf\u0131nda kalan Kars ile I\u011fd\u0131r ovas\u0131nda \u015eahmaran efsanesi bu y\u00f6relerde bir sembold\u00fcr. \u015eahmaran\u0131n \u00f6nemi ve \u00f6zelli\u011fi do\u011furganl\u0131k sembol\u00fc olmaktad\u0131r. Pek \u00e7ok K\u00fcrt yerle\u015fim merkezinde halen evlenecek gen\u00e7 k\u0131zlar el emekleriyle i\u015fleyip haz\u0131rlad\u0131klar\u0131 \u015eahmaran resminin, bu mitolojik efsanenin bereket ve mutluluk getirece\u011fine inan\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n
Yine s\u00f6ylenenlere g\u00f6re A\u011fr\u0131 da\u011f\u0131n\u0131n ete\u011finde bulunan I\u011eDIR ovas\u0131n\u0131n \u015fu anki ismiyle melekli beldesi civar\u0131nda ya\u015fayan gen\u00e7 bir avc\u0131 g\u00fcn\u00fcn birinde ovada ava \u00e7\u0131karken bir kuyuya d\u00fc\u015fer. Kuyuda bulunan y\u0131lanlar avc\u0131 gencin g\u00f6zlerini ba\u011flay\u0131p genci y\u0131lanlar\u0131n \u015fah\u0131 olan,\u015fahlar\u0131 \u015eahmaran\u0131n bulundu\u011fu b\u00fcy\u00fck kuyuya g\u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fcp \u015eahmaran\u0131n huzuruna \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131rlar. Yine s\u00f6ylenenlere g\u00f6re y\u0131lanlar\u0131n bulunduklar\u0131 o kuyuya d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcp \u015eahmaran\u0131n huzuruna \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lan hi\u00e7 bir canl\u0131 sa\u011f kalmazm\u0131\u015f. Avc\u0131 gencin yak\u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6ren \u015eahmaran avc\u0131 gence a\u015f\u0131k olur. Genci \u00f6ld\u00fcrtmeye<\/p>\n
k\u0131yamaz. Gence der bug\u00fcne kadar yerimizi g\u00f6ren, s\u0131rr\u0131m\u0131z\u0131 \u00f6\u011frenen kim olduysa hi\u00e7 birinin can\u0131n\u0131 ba\u011f\u0131\u015flamad\u0131k. Fakat senin can\u0131n\u0131 ba\u011f\u0131\u015flayaca\u011f\u0131m ama seni b\u0131rakmayaca\u011f\u0131m da.Benim yan\u0131mda kal\u0131p benimle birlikte ya\u015faman\u0131 istiyorum der.Bunun \u00fczerine gen\u00e7 avc\u0131,\u00e7aresiz \u015eahmaran\u0131n bu \u015fart\u0131n\u0131 kabul etmek zorunda kal\u0131r ve \u015eahmaranla birlikte ya\u015famaya ba\u015flarlar. Aradan uzunca bir zaman ge\u00e7er. Aradan ge\u00e7en zaman i\u00e7inde gen\u00e7 avc\u0131 ailesini, dostlar\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6zlemeye ba\u015flar. Bu \u00f6zlemi gen\u00e7 avc\u0131y\u0131 hasta d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr\u00fcr. Gen\u00e7 avc\u0131n\u0131n her g\u00fcn biraz daha mutsuz oldu\u011funu fark eden \u015eahmaran gen\u00e7 avc\u0131n\u0131 haline epeyce \u00fcz\u00fcl\u00fcr. Bu duruma dayanamayan \u015eahmaran bir g\u00fcn gence der “seni b\u0131rakaca\u011f\u0131m, azad edece\u011fim fakat benim ve kabilemin yerini, s\u0131rr\u0131m\u0131z\u0131 ba\u015fta bu y\u00f6renin gaddar ve ac\u0131mas\u0131z beyi olan mirza beye ve ba\u015fkalar\u0131na s\u00f6ylememen \u015fart\u0131yla. S\u0131rr\u0131m\u0131z\u0131 ve yerimizi duyup \u00f6\u011frenirseler, bizleri bu topraklarda ya\u015fatmazlar. Avc\u0131 gen\u00e7 bu duruma \u00e7ok sevinir ve \u015eahmarana, \u015eahmaran\u0131n ona besledi\u011fi sevgi \u00fczerine s\u0131rlar\u0131n\u0131 kimselere s\u00f6ylemiyece\u011fine dair yemin eder. \u015eahmaran y\u0131lanlar\u0131na emreder gencin g\u00f6zlerini tekrar ba\u011flay\u0131p ovaya b\u0131rak\u0131rlar. Gencin uzun bir zaman ortadan kaybolup tekrar ortaya \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6\u011frenen ac\u0131mas\u0131z mirza bey gen\u00e7 avc\u0131y\u0131 yan\u0131na \u00e7a\u011f\u0131r\u0131r. Kay\u0131p olmas\u0131n\u0131 nedenini sorar, fakat ne kadar u\u011fra\u015fsada gen\u00e7 avc\u0131n\u0131n a\u011fz\u0131ndan tek bir laf alamaz. Durumdan \u015f\u00fcphelenen mirza bey adamlar\u0131na gen\u00e7 avc\u0131n\u0131n s\u00fcrekli takip edilmesini emreder. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc mirza bey ya\u015fl\u0131 ve hasta biridir. Hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan kurtulmak ve tekrar gen\u00e7 olmak i\u00e7in mirza beyin Rahipleri \u015eahmaran\u0131n beynini kaynat\u0131p yerse hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n iyile\u015fece\u011fini ve ebediyen gen\u00e7 kalaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6ylemi\u015fler. Bu mirza bey \u015eahmaran\u0131 aray\u0131p durmu\u015f.Yine s\u00f6ylentilere g\u00f6re \u015eahmaran\u0131 \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fcp yada beynini kaynat\u0131p suyunu i\u00e7en her kim olursa \u015eahmaranda bulunan g\u00fczelli\u011fini, zenginli\u011fini, akl\u0131n\u0131 ve \u015eahmaran\u0131n zerafetine sahip olurmu\u015f. Bir zaman sonra ovada ava \u00e7\u0131kan avc\u0131 gen\u00e7 \u015eahmaran\u0131 ziyaret etmek i\u00e7in \u015eahmaran\u0131n bulundu\u011fu kuyuya gider. Gen\u00e7 avc\u0131y\u0131 gizlice takip eden mirza beyin adamlar\u0131 kuyunun etraf\u0131n\u0131 sararlar ve y\u0131lanlar\u0131n hepsini \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fcrler. \u015eahmaran ile gen\u00e7 avc\u0131y\u0131 Mirza beyin huzuruna getirirler. \u015eahmaran mirza beye gen\u00e7 avc\u0131y\u0131 \u00f6ld\u00fcrmeme \u015fart\u0131yla akl\u0131n\u0131n, g\u00fczelli\u011finin ve zerafetinin ana kayna\u011f\u0131n\u0131n kafas\u0131nda de\u011filde kuyru\u011funda oldu\u011funu https:\/\/t.co\/YcEtLmllNV d\u00f6n\u00fcp avc\u0131 gence ben seni \u00e7ok sevdim can\u0131n\u0131 ba\u011f\u0131\u015flad\u0131m ama bu topraklarda sevgiyi, g\u00fczelli\u011fi ya\u015fatmayacaklar\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6ylemi\u015ftim.<\/p>\n
\u015eahmaran\u0131n kafas\u0131 kesilir \u015eahmaran\u0131n kuyru\u011funun suyunu mirza bey ‘\u015eahmarana ihanet etti\u011fini d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnen avc\u0131 gen\u00e7 te \u015eahmaran\u0131n kafas\u0131n\u0131n suyunu i\u00e7erler. Zehirli kuyru\u011fun suyunu i\u00e7en mirza bey orac\u0131kta \u00f6l\u00fcrken \u00f6l\u00fcrken, \u015eahmaran\u0131n kafas\u0131n\u0131n suyunu i\u00e7en avc\u0131 gen\u00e7 te \u015eahmaran\u0131n akl\u0131na, ve zerafetine sahip olur. Hikaye her ne kadar Mitolojik olsa bile, insanl\u0131k tarihine bak\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda egemenlerin ezilenlere uygulam\u0131\u015f olduklar\u0131 g\u00fcce ve ihanete dayal\u0131 kar ve politik h\u0131rs\u0131 g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcze kadar dayanmaktad\u0131r. \u015eahmaran\u0131n \u015fahs\u0131nda Kad\u0131n\u0131 bir y\u0131lan gibi g\u00f6rerek sald\u0131rman\u0131n amac\u0131 do\u011fal toplumsal d\u00fczene vurulan bir darbe ve ortaya \u00e7\u0131karm\u0131\u015f oldu\u011fu toplumsal de\u011ferleri talan edilmesi, zenginli\u011fine el konulmas\u0131d\u0131r. Kad\u0131na a\u015ft olan her \u015feyi, erke\u011fin zorbal\u0131\u011f\u0131na dayanan gayri me\u015fru yollarla tekelle\u015ftirilmesi ger\u00e7ekle\u015fiyor. G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde Kad\u0131n\u0131 hala bir y\u0131lan gibi g\u00f6ren g\u00f6steren anlay\u0131\u015f ve yakla\u015f\u0131mlara fazlaca rastlamaktay\u0131z. Fakat g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde K\u00fcrt \u00d6zg\u00fcrl\u00fck hareketi kad\u0131n\u0131n toplumsal ya\u015fam i\u00e7indeki de\u011ferini tekrardan elde edebilmesinin yollar\u0131n\u0131n zeminini ortaya \u00e7\u0131karm\u0131\u015f ve egemen erkek zihniyetini, Kad\u0131na bak\u0131\u015f a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 de\u011fi\u015ftirmi\u015f \u00f6zg\u00fcr e\u015f ya\u015fam anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131 ortaya \u00e7\u0131karm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Ayr\u0131ca mitolojik anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131n sosyolojik \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcmlemesini ger\u00e7ek anlam\u0131yla ortaya koyarak hakikatin nas\u0131l \u00e7arp\u0131t\u0131larak kad\u0131na y\u00f6netilmi\u015f katliamc\u0131 bir silah oldu\u011funu \u015fimdi daha iyi g\u00f6r\u00fcyoruz…<\/p>\n
Erez Serhad<\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" Mitolojilerde tanr\u0131lar, tanr\u0131\u00e7alar ve krallar\u0131n yarat\u0131l\u0131\u015f ve ya\u015fay\u0131\u015f \u00f6yk\u00fclerini \u00f6l\u00fcler diyar\u0131 ve tufan mitlerinin tarihteki ilk b\u00fct\u00fcnl\u00fckl\u00fc \u00f6rne\u011fini i\u00e7inde bar\u0131nd\u0131r\u0131r. Bununla birlikte her \u015fey maddi bir ger\u00e7ekli\u011fe dayand\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan, maddi ger\u00e7ekli\u011fi olmayan hi\u00e7bir \u015fey yoktur. Mitolojide her ne kadar g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde s\u00f6ylence olarak tabir edilse de, esas\u0131nda maddi ger\u00e7ekli\u011fin destans\u0131, masals\u0131 hali anlat\u0131m\u0131d\u0131r. K\u00f6leci uygarl\u0131\u011fa ve daha …<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":32,"featured_media":21993,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[65],"tags":[3707,5867,1616,5281,5866,2611],"class_list":["post-21992","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","","category-forum","tag-efsane","tag-kurt-efsanesi","tag-manset","tag-mitoloji","tag-sahmar","tag-sahmaran"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/candname.com\/tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/21992","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/candname.com\/tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/candname.com\/tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/candname.com\/tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/32"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/candname.com\/tr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=21992"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/candname.com\/tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/21992\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/candname.com\/tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/21993"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/candname.com\/tr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=21992"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/candname.com\/tr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=21992"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/candname.com\/tr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=21992"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}