{"id":21637,"date":"2020-04-27T17:01:56","date_gmt":"2020-04-27T14:01:56","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/candname.com\/tr\/?p=21637"},"modified":"2020-04-27T17:01:56","modified_gmt":"2020-04-27T14:01:56","slug":"yazili-kurt-edebiyatinin-zenginligi-uzerine","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/candname.com\/tr\/?p=21637","title":{"rendered":"Yaz\u0131l\u0131 K\u00fcrt edebiyat\u0131n\u0131n zenginli\u011fi \u00fczerine"},"content":{"rendered":"
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Son g\u00fcnlerde birka\u00e7 kitap ve yaz\u0131da konu uzman\u0131 olmayanlar\u0131n \u201cYaz\u0131l\u0131 K\u00fcrt edebiyat\u0131n\u0131n zay\u0131f ve ya yok denecek kadar az oldu\u011fu\u201d \u015feklindeki iddialar\u0131yla kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131m.<\/em><\/p>\n

Bunun \u00fczerine bu alanda \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan biri olarak bilim ve ger\u00e7e\u011fe sayg\u0131 ad\u0131na bu konudaki literat\u00fcr\u00fc yazmak istedim.<\/em><\/p>\n

M.\u00d6.3000\u2019li y\u0131llarda yaz\u0131n\u0131n medeniyet co\u011frafyam\u0131z i\u00e7inde yer alan Mezopotamya\u2019da icad\u0131yla beraber insanl\u0131k tarihi i\u00e7in ayd\u0131nl\u0131k bir d\u00f6nemin kap\u0131s\u0131 da a\u00e7\u0131lm\u0131\u015f oldu.<\/p>\n

Yaz\u0131 ve yaz\u0131l\u0131 edebiyata kaynakl\u0131k eden unsurlara bakt\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131zda, bunlar\u0131n ba\u015f\u0131nda \u015fehircilik, ticari hayat, e\u011fitim kurumlar\u0131, siyasi istikrar gibi olgular gelmektedir.\u00a01<\/sup><\/p>\n

\u00dclkemizin T\u00fcrk\u00e7e’yle beraber konu\u015furu en \u00e7ok iki dilinden biri olan\u00a0K\u00fcrt\u00e7e<\/a>‘nin edebiyat tarihine bakt\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131zda, metinsel edebiyata kaynakl\u0131k eden b\u00fct\u00fcn bu unsurlar\u0131 g\u00f6rmek m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr.<\/p>\n

\u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc yaz\u0131l\u0131 K\u00fcrt edebiyat\u0131n\u0131n ortaya \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131\u011f\u0131 merkezlerin, Cizre, Hemedan, \u0130madiye, Bitlis, Meyafarkin gibi orta \u00e7a\u011f K\u00fcrt devlet ve beyliklerine ba\u015fkentlik yapm\u0131\u015f \u015fehirler oldu\u011fu g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcr.<\/p>\n

1514\u2019de Osmanl\u0131 y\u00f6netimi bu K\u00fcrt prensliklerinden bir k\u0131sm\u0131 ile ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirdi\u011fi Osmanl\u0131-K\u00fcrt ittifak\u0131 sonras\u0131nda, bu otoriteleri resmi belgelerinde\u00a0\u201cH\u00fck\u00fcmet-i Ekrad\/K\u00fcrt H\u00fck\u00fcmetleri\u201d<\/em>\u00a0olarak zikreder.\u00a02<\/sup><\/p>\n

Bu h\u00fck\u00fcmetlerin y\u00f6netti\u011fi \u015fehir merkezlerinde olduk\u00e7a canl\u0131 bir \u015fehircilik, aktif bir ticari hayat,\u00a0\u201cK\u00fcrt medreseleri\u201d<\/em>\u00a0olarak literat\u00fcre ge\u00e7en sistematik e\u011fitim kurumlar\u0131 ve K\u00fcrt mirlerinin\/ h\u00fck\u00fcmdarlar\u0131n\u0131n y\u00f6netimine dayal\u0131 k\u00f6kl\u00fc bir siyasi iktidar\/istikrar gelene\u011fi s\u00f6z konusudur.<\/p>\n

Biz klasik K\u00fcrt edebiyat\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131, klasik edebiyat\u0131n \u00f6zelliklerini sayarken, di\u011fer t\u00fcm klasik edebiyat\u00e7\u0131lar gibi, en ba\u015fta bu edebiyat\u0131n bir \u015fehir edebiyat\u0131 oldu\u011funu, yaz\u0131l\u0131 bir edebiyat oldu\u011funu, saray \u00e7evresinde ortaya \u00e7\u0131k\u0131p geli\u015fme g\u00f6sterdi\u011fini vs. belirtiriz.<\/p>\n

Bu arka plana sahip yaz\u0131l\u0131 K\u00fcrt edebiyat\u0131 olduk\u00e7a k\u00f6kl\u00fcd\u00fcr. Bu durumu daha yak\u0131ndan anlamak i\u00e7in bize en yak\u0131n, karde\u015f ve i\u00e7 i\u00e7e bir edebiyat olan T\u00fcrk edebiyat tarihi ile kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131ral\u0131m.<\/p>\n

Olduk\u00e7a ilgin\u00e7tir, yaz\u0131l\u0131 T\u00fcrk ve K\u00fcrt edebiyatlar\u0131n\u0131n ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7 d\u00f6nemleri, bu iki dilin yaz\u0131l\u0131 edebiyatta kullan\u0131lan ilk leh\u00e7eleri, yaz\u0131l\u0131 edebiyatlar\u0131n\u0131n zirvesi vs. hep e\u015fzamanl\u0131 bir ortakl\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00f6stermektedir.<\/p>\n

Kanaatimizce bu durum daha \u00e7ok iki dilin kader birli\u011fi ve kom\u015fulu\u011fu ile a\u00e7\u0131klanabilir.<\/p>\n

K\u00fcrt ve T\u00fcrk edebiyatlar\u0131nda \u0130slam \u00f6ncesi d\u00f6nemde yaz\u0131lm\u0131\u015f eserlerin varl\u0131\u011f\u0131na ili\u015fkin belgeler vard\u0131r.\u00a03\u00a0<\/sup>Ancak edebi ve kitabi anlamda g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcze ula\u015fan \u00fcr\u00fcnler \u0130slam sonras\u0131 d\u00f6neme aittir.\u00a04<\/sup><\/p>\n

T\u00fcrk ve K\u00fcrt edebiyatlar\u0131 elimizdeki ilk yaz\u0131l\u0131 \u00fcr\u00fcnlerini 11’nci y\u00fczy\u0131lda vermeye ba\u015flar. Bu ilk \u00fcr\u00fcnler her iki dilin de do\u011fu leh\u00e7eleriyledir.<\/p>\n

\u0130lk T\u00fcrk\u00e7e eserler, T\u00fcrk\u00e7e’nin Do\u011fu\u00a0Leh\u00e7eleri olan Hakaniyece ve \u00c7a\u011fataycad\u0131rlar. \u0130lk edebi eserler\u00a0\u201cKutadgu Bilig\u201d\u00a0<\/em>1069 y\u0131l\u0131nda Y. Has Hacip taraf\u0131ndan Hakaniye Leh\u00e7esiyle ve\u00a0\u201cDivan\u2019\u00fcl-L\u00fcgat\u2019\u00fc-T\u00fcrk\u201d\u00a0<\/em>K.Mahmud taraf\u0131ndan 1074\u2019te yine Hakaniye Leh\u00e7esi ile yaz\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

\u0130lk K\u00fcrt\u00e7e eserler ise K\u00fcrt\u00e7e’nin Do\u011fu Leh\u00e7eleri olan Lorca ve Goranca\u2019d\u0131r.<\/p>\n

K\u00fcrt\u00e7e’de ilk edebi eserler Baba Tahir-i \u00dcryan\u2019\u0131n 1010 y\u0131llar\u0131nda Lor Leh\u00e7esiyle yazd\u0131\u011f\u0131\u00a0\u201cDubeyti\u201d\u00a0<\/em>divan\u0131 ve Baba Serheng-i Dewdan\u00ee\u2019nin Goran\u00ee Leh\u00e7esiyle yazd\u0131\u011f\u0131 1045 tarihli\u00a0\u201cDefter\u00ea Dewdan\u00ee\u201d<\/em>dir.\u00a05<\/sup><\/p>\n

Her iki dilin edebiyatlar\u0131n\u0131n zirve eserleri 16’nc\u0131 y\u00fczy\u0131lda ve bu dillerin bat\u0131 leh\u00e7eleri ile verilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

T\u00fcrk edebiyat\u0131n\u0131n zirve isimleri F\u00fczuli, Baki, Nev\u00ee vs. 16’nc\u0131 y\u00fczy\u0131l \u015fairleridir. Bat\u0131 T\u00fcrk\u00e7e’si olan Azer\u00ee ve Anadolu leh\u00e7elerini kullanm\u0131\u015flard\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Ayn\u0131 \u015fekilde yaz\u0131l\u0131 K\u00fcrt edebiyat\u0131n\u0131n zirve isimleri Har\u00eer\u00ee, Cezer\u00ee, Faki v.s. yine 16.y\u00fczy\u0131l \u015fairleridir. Bu d\u00f6nem ve sonras\u0131nda daha \u00e7ok bat\u0131 K\u00fcrt\u00e7e’si olan Kurmanci ve Zazaca kullan\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.\u00a06<\/sup><\/p>\n

K\u00fcrt dili, bahsi ge\u00e7en tarihsel altyap\u0131ya dayal\u0131 olarak zengin bir yaz\u0131l\u0131 gelene\u011fe sahiptir. Orta\u00e7a\u011f boyunca K\u00fcrt co\u011frafyas\u0131nda yaz\u0131l\u0131 k\u00fclt\u00fcr gelene\u011fine sahip \u015fehirlerin her birinde K\u00fcrt\u00e7e eser veren onlarca edebiyat\u00e7\u0131 yeti\u015fmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

Toplamda y\u00fczlerce ile ifade edilen K\u00fcrt\u00e7e klasik d\u00f6nem edebi \u00fcr\u00fcnler olan divan, mecmua, mesnevi, akidename, mevl\u00fctname, tevhitname, methiye, m\u00fcnacat, na\u2019t v.s.lerden s\u00f6z ediyoruz.<\/p>\n

Klasik K\u00fcrt Edebiyat\u0131 ile ilgili de\u011ferli \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 bulunan\u00a0Do\u00e7.Dr. M.Zahir Ertekin<\/a>\u00a0bu konuda ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirdi\u011fi ve bilimsel bir makale olarak yay\u0131nlad\u0131\u011f\u0131 saha ara\u015ft\u0131rmas\u0131nda, klasik d\u00f6nemden g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcze kadar gelebilen 786 K\u00fcrt\u00e7e klasik eser tespit etmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

Ertekin, y\u00fczlercesinin de kay\u0131p ve g\u00fcn y\u00fcz\u00fcne \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lmay\u0131 beklemekte oldu\u011funu belirtir.\u00a07<\/sup><\/p>\n

Yine Klasik K\u00fcrt edebiyat\u0131 uzman\u0131 Prof. Dr. Abdurrahman Adak\u2019\u0131n\u00a0\u201cKlasik K\u00fcrt Edebiyat\u0131na Giri\u015f\u201d\u00a0<\/em>adl\u0131 \u00fcniversitelerimizin K\u00fcrt Dili ve Edebiyat\u0131 B\u00f6l\u00fcmlerinde ders kitab\u0131 olarak okutulan K\u00fcrt\u00e7e kitab\u0131, y\u00fcz\u00fc a\u015fk\u0131n Klasik d\u00f6nem yaz\u0131l\u0131 eseri ve yazar\u0131n\u0131 i\u00e7ermektedir.\u00a08<\/sup><\/p>\n

Bunun yan\u0131nda, fazla bir yasaklama ile kar\u015f\u0131la\u015fmayan Irak, \u0130ran, Suriye ve Kafkasya\u2019daki K\u00fcrt\u00e7e eserleri de nazara ald\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131zda K\u00fcrt\u00e7e’ye ait binlerce yaz\u0131l\u0131 klasik d\u00f6nem eserinden s\u00f6z edebiliriz.<\/p>\n

K\u00fcrt edebiyat tarih\u00e7isi Prof.Dr. Maruf Haznedar\u2019\u0131n bu isimdeki eseri sadece sekiz ciltten olu\u015fmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Bunun d\u00f6rt cildi sadece Klasik K\u00fcrt edebiyat\u0131na dair yap\u0131tlarla ilgilidir.\u00a09<\/sup>\u00a0Bu makalemizde bahsetti\u011fimiz eserler, Klasik d\u00f6nem yaz\u0131l\u0131 K\u00fcrt edebi \u00fcr\u00fcnleridir.<\/p>\n

Modern d\u00f6nemde yaz\u0131lm\u0131\u015f modern K\u00fcrt edebiyat\u0131n\u0131n binlerce yaz\u0131l\u0131 eserlerinden bahsetmiyoruz. O, konumuzun d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda.<\/p>\n

\u0130\u015fte bu nedenle yaz\u0131l\u0131 K\u00fcrt edebiyat\u0131, kom\u015fu Fars, Arap ve T\u00fcrk edebiyatlar\u0131 ile senkronik bir geli\u015fme g\u00f6stermi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

Bundand\u0131r ki klasik K\u00fcrt edebiyat\u0131n\u0131n zirve isimlerinden, K\u00fcrt mir ve h\u00fck\u00fcmdarlar\u0131n\u0131n m\u00fcktedirlik zamanlar\u0131n\u0131n \u015faray ve patronaj \u015fairi Mela-yi Ciz\u00eer\u00ee d\u00f6nemin edebiyat k\u0131blesi olan Fars edebiyat\u0131 \u015fahs\u0131nda onun efsanevi \u015fairi Haf\u0131z-i \u015eirazi\u2019ye meydan okuyarak \u015f\u00f6yle der:<\/p>\n

Ger l\u00fb\u2019uy\u00ea mens\u00fbr\u00ee ji nezm\u00ea tu dixwaz\u00ee
\nWer \u015fi\u2019r\u00ea Mel\u00ea b\u00een te ji \u015e\u00eeraz\u00ea \u00e7i hacet<\/em><\/strong><\/p><\/blockquote>\n

Nazm\u0131n etrafa sa\u00e7\u0131lm\u0131\u015f incilerini g\u00f6rmek dilersen e\u011fer
\nGel Mela\u2019n\u0131n \u015fiirlerinde g\u00f6r onlar\u0131, \u015eiraz\u2019a gitmeye ne hacet\u00a010<\/sup><\/em><\/p><\/blockquote>\n

Yine 19’ncu y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n \u00f6nemli K\u00fcrt divan \u015fairlerinden olan \u015eeyh Abdurrahman-i Aktepi de mesnevisinde eser sahibi K\u00fcrt edebiyat\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7oklu\u011funu ifade ederek \u015f\u00f6yle der:<\/p>\n

Bizan ku di Kurdan \u015fair pir hene
\nJi u\u015f\u015faq\u00ea Tirk \u00fb Ecem z\u00eade ne<\/em><\/strong><\/p><\/blockquote>\n

Bilesin ki K\u00fcrtlerde \u00e7ok \u015fair vard\u0131r
\nT\u00fcrk ve Farslar\u0131n a\u015fk erbab\u0131ndan fazlad\u0131r 11<\/em><\/p><\/blockquote>\n

Bu tespitler, ilk elden g\u00f6zlem ve tan\u0131kl\u0131\u011fa dayal\u0131 senkronik de\u011ferlendirmeler oldu\u011fu i\u00e7in yaz\u0131l\u0131 K\u00fcrt edebiyat\u0131na ait eserlerin kalite ve say\u0131sal \u00e7oklu\u011funu g\u00f6steren \u00f6nemli verilerdir.<\/p>\n

\u015eimdi gelelim, K\u00fcrt\u00e7e yaz\u0131l\u0131 edebiyat\u0131n zay\u0131f ve ya yok denecek kadar az oldu\u011funu iddia edenlere. Bunu s\u00f6yleyenler iki k\u0131s\u0131md\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Birinci k\u0131s\u0131m;<\/strong><\/em>\u00a0Arzu ve dileklerini fikir olarak pazarlamaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlard\u0131r. Yani en hafif tabirle K\u00fcrt\u00e7e’yi sevmediklerinden, yaz\u0131l\u0131 K\u00fcrt edebiyat\u0131n\u0131n zay\u0131fl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, hatta m\u00fcmk\u00fcnse olmamas\u0131n\u0131 istedikleri i\u00e7in b\u00f6yle bir s\u00f6ylem i\u00e7indeler.<\/p>\n

Bunlar anla\u015f\u0131l\u0131r \u015feyler. Ama kaz\u0131n aya\u011f\u0131n\u0131n hi\u00e7 de \u00f6yle olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131; k\u00f6kl\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc fele\u011fin \u00e7ark\u0131ndan ge\u00e7erek dosta d\u00fc\u015fmana g\u00f6steren K\u00fcrt\u00e7e’nin- \u00f6yle b\u00f6yle de\u011fil- olduk\u00e7a zengin bir yaz\u0131l\u0131 edebiyata sahip oldu\u011fu her ge\u00e7en g\u00fcn daha bir ortaya \u00e7\u0131k\u0131yor. K\u00fcrt\u00e7e’nin, kendi \u00fczerindeki yasaklama ve a\u015fa\u011f\u0131lamalar\u0131 par\u00e7alamas\u0131 ile\u00a0ar\u015fiv, k\u00fct\u00fcphane, mahzen, vs.lerden y\u00fczlerce eski K\u00fcrt\u00e7e eser, ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131 ve akademisyenlerce g\u00fcn y\u00fcz\u00fcne \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131l\u0131yor. Bu nedenle bu kesimin susturulmas\u0131 kolayd\u0131r.<\/p>\n

\u00dclkemizde seksen y\u0131ll\u0131k stat\u00fckoya dayanan eski T\u00fcrkiye zihniyetinin 2000’li y\u0131llar\u0131n ba\u015f\u0131nda a\u011f\u0131r bir hezimet ya\u015fayarak yeni T\u00fcrkiye anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131na evrilmesi ile K\u00fcrt\u00e7e kar\u015f\u0131t\u0131 bu kesimin sesleri de k\u0131s\u0131lmaya y\u00fcz tuttu. Biz onlar\u0131 dertleri ile ba\u015f ba\u015fa b\u0131rak\u0131p bu tarafa d\u00f6nelim.<\/p>\n

\u0130kinci kesim;<\/strong><\/em>\u00a0Eskilerin\u00a0\u201csad\u0131k-i ahmak\u201d\u00a0<\/em>dedi\u011fi\u00a0\u201cd\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncesiz dostlar\u201d<\/em>d\u0131r. Daha do\u011frusu bilgi sahibi olmadan fikir sahibi olan dostlar.<\/p>\n

Asl\u0131nda k\u00f6t\u00fc niyetli de\u011filler. Klasik K\u00fcrt edebiyat\u0131 dedi\u011fimiz yaz\u0131l\u0131 edebiyat alan\u0131 uzman\u0131 olmad\u0131klar\u0131 halde ki \u00e7o\u011fu K\u00fcrt halk edebiyat\u0131, Modern K\u00fcrt edebiyat\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131klar\u0131 ya da hi\u00e7bir alan uzman\u0131 olmad\u0131klar\u0131 halde, kendilerini yaz\u0131l\u0131 K\u00fcrt edebiyat\u0131 hakk\u0131nda b\u00fcy\u00fck h\u00fck\u00fcm c\u00fcmleleri kurmaya yetkili zannediyorlar.<\/p>\n

Klasik edebiyat\u0131 ara\u015ft\u0131rmak i\u00e7in \u00f6n \u015fart olan K\u00fcrt\u00e7e Arap Alfabesini ve bu alan\u0131n kavramlar\u0131n\u0131 anlamaya yarayan Arap\u00e7a ve Fars\u00e7a’y\u0131 da bilmez \u00e7o\u011fu.<\/p>\n

Bu dostlar T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin yak\u0131n ge\u00e7mi\u015fteki K\u00fcrt\u00e7e’ye dair en ufak bir metne dahi hayat hakk\u0131 tan\u0131mayan durumunu veri kabul edip\u00a0\u201cbildi\u011fim kadar\u0131 ile\u201d, \u201celimdeki kaynaklara g\u00f6re\u201d\u00a0<\/em>gibi bir bilimsel \u015f\u00fcphe ve ihtimale de yer vermeden do\u011frulu\u011fu kendinden menkul kesin c\u00fcmleler kuruyorlar.<\/p>\n

Halbuki y\u00fczlerce y\u0131l \u00f6ncesinin durumunu, g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcz \u015fartlar\u0131yla de\u011ferlendirmek, bilimsel literat\u00fcrde\u00a0\u201canakronizm\u201d<\/em>\u00a0denilen yanl\u0131\u015f bir yakla\u015f\u0131md\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Bu meslekta\u015flar\u0131m\u0131z\u00a0\u201cMedrese kaynakl\u0131 birka\u00e7 eseri saymasak K\u00fcrt\u00e7e’de yaz\u0131l\u0131 edebiyat yok denecek kadar azd\u0131r\u201d\u00a0<\/em>gibi realiteyle taban tabana z\u0131t iddialarda bulunuyorlar.<\/p>\n

D\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnsenize y\u00fczlerce, binlerce ile ifade edilen yaz\u0131l\u0131 K\u00fcrt\u00e7e eserlere\u00a0\u201cbirka\u00e7\u201d<\/em>\u00a0diyorlar.<\/p>\n

De\u011fersizle\u015ftirip k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fcmsedi\u011fi o medreseler de zaman\u0131n \u00fcniversiteleri ve K\u00fcrt\u00e7e e\u011fitimin as\u0131rlarca kayna\u011f\u0131 olan e\u011fitim kurumlar\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n

K\u00fcrt\u00e7e’de ortak, standart bir yaz\u0131 dilinin olu\u015fumunu sa\u011flad\u0131lar.<\/p>\n

Cizre, M\u00fck\u00fcs, \u0130madiye, vs. \u015fehirlerde 600-700 y\u0131l \u00f6nce yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015f olanlar\u0131 var, hala ayaktalar. Bitlis\u2019teki \u0130hlasiye medresesi muhte\u015fem bir \u00fcniversite kamp\u00fcs alan\u0131 gibi.<\/p>\n

\u015eimdilerde Vak\u0131flar B\u00f6lge M\u00fcd\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fcn idari merkez binas\u0131 olarak kullan\u0131lan bu binada as\u0131rlarca K\u00fcrt\u00e7e ve Arap\u00e7a e\u011fitim verilmi\u015f; giri\u015fin sa\u011f taraf\u0131ndaki dersliklerde fen ilimler, sol taraftakilerde ise dini ilimler okutulmu\u015ftur.<\/p>\n

As\u0131rlar \u00f6nce bu kurumdan klasik\u00a0K\u00fcrt edebiyat\u0131<\/a>n\u0131n y\u0131ld\u0131zlar\u0131 olan ve K\u00fcrt\u00e7e’yle beraber dokuz dilde \u015fiir yazabilen \u015e\u00fckriy\u00ea Bidl\u00eesiler, Haris\u00ea Bitl\u00ees\u00eeler, Selimiy\u00ea Hizaniler, Axayok\u00ea B\u00eadariler vs. gibi y\u00fczlerce K\u00fcrt\u00e7e eser sahibi yazar \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.\u00a012<\/sup><\/p>\n

K\u00fcrt halk edebiyat\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan baz\u0131 meslekta\u015flar\u0131m\u0131z da s\u00f6zl\u00fc K\u00fcrt edebiyat\u0131n\u0131 y\u00fcceltmek i\u00e7in yaz\u0131l\u0131 K\u00fcrt edebiyat\u0131n\u0131 adeta yerin dibine bat\u0131r\u0131yorlar.<\/p>\n

Yaz\u0131l\u0131y\u0131 k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fcltt\u00fck\u00e7e s\u00f6zl\u00fc daha da y\u00fckseliyormu\u015f gibi,\u00a0\u201cYaz\u0131l\u0131 K\u00fcrt edebiyat\u0131 pek olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in K\u00fcrtlerde olduk\u00e7a zengin bir s\u00f6zl\u00fc edebiyat vard\u0131r\u201d<\/em>\u00a0diyorlar.<\/p>\n

Halbuki s\u00f6zl\u00fc ve ya yaz\u0131l\u0131 edebiyatlar\u0131 y\u00fcceltmek i\u00e7in birini di\u011ferine kurban etme\u011fe gerek yok. Hi\u00e7bir millet b\u00f6yle yapmaz. \u0130lmi de de\u011fildir.<\/p>\n

\u0130kisi de toplumun ihtiyac\u0131ndan kaynaklan\u0131r ve her birinin fonksiyonu farkl\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n

520 K\u00fcrt \u015fair ve eseri hakk\u0131nda bilgi veren 2 ciltlik K\u00fcrt \u015eiir Antolojisi yazar\u0131 Do\u00e7.Dr. Selim Temo\u00a0\u201cK\u00fcrt edebiyat\u0131n\u0131n a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131kl\u0131 olarak s\u00f6zl\u00fc bir edebiyat oldu\u011fu\u201d<\/em>\u00a0\u015feklindeki kabulleri delilleri ile reddeder.<\/p>\n

Yaz\u0131l\u0131 K\u00fcrt edebiyat\u0131n\u0131n zay\u0131f ya da yok denecek kadar az oldu\u011fu y\u00f6n\u00fcndeki iddialar\u0131n, kas\u0131tl\u0131 de\u011filse, cehalet \u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fc oldu\u011funu ifade ederek bu s\u00f6ylemlerin i\u00e7i bo\u015f bir efsaneden ibaret oldu\u011funu belirtmektedir.\u00a013<\/sup><\/p>\n

Bu dostlar\u0131 yan\u0131lg\u0131ya sevk eden nedenlerden biri de 17’nci y\u00fczy\u0131l g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc \u015fairi Ahmed-i Han\u00ee\u2019nin K\u00fcrtlerin o y\u0131llardaki durumundan \u015fikayet\u00e7i olan sat\u0131rlar\u0131d\u0131r kanaatimizce.<\/p>\n

\u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc 1650\u2019li y\u0131llarda VI. Murat d\u00f6neminde Osmanl\u0131-K\u00fcrt ittifak\u0131, Osmanl\u0131n\u0131n en g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc ve di\u011fer K\u00fcrt prensliklerinin temsilcisi konumundaki Bitlis K\u00fcrt Hanl\u0131\u011f\u0131na sald\u0131rmas\u0131 ile yar\u0131m as\u0131r kadar bir s\u00fcre bozuluyor.\u00a014\u00a0<\/sup><\/p>\n

Bu karma\u015fa d\u00f6neminde K\u00fcrt co\u011frafyas\u0131n\u0131n ekonomik, siyasi ve ilmi durumu geriliyor. Osmanl\u0131 istedi\u011fi ba\u015far\u0131y\u0131 elde edemeden geri \u00e7ekiliyor.<\/p>\n

Han\u00ee, bu d\u00f6nemde K\u00fcrtlerin birlik olmams\u0131, peri\u015fan olmas\u0131, ilim ve edebiyat m\u00fc\u015fterilerinin yoklu\u011fu ile ilgili yak\u0131nmaktad\u0131r. Han\u00ee\u2019nin bu sat\u0131rlar\u0131 K\u00fcrtler aras\u0131nda olduk\u00e7a yayg\u0131nd\u0131r.<\/p>\n

K\u00fcrt tarihi ve K\u00fcrt edebiyat tarihi ile ilgili b\u00fct\u00fcnc\u00fcl ve ayr\u0131nt\u0131l\u0131 bir bilgiye sahip olmayanlar, Han\u00ee\u2019nin bu sat\u0131rlar\u0131n\u0131 K\u00fcrtlerin binlerce y\u0131ll\u0131k tarihlerinin genel bir foto\u011fraf\u0131 olarak alg\u0131l\u0131yorlar.<\/p>\n

Bu ise anakronik, par\u00e7ac\u0131, de\u011ferlendirmelere yol a\u00e7\u0131yor. Aynen k\u00f6rlerin fili tarifi gibi.<\/p>\n

Halbuki Han\u00ee\u2019den \u00f6nce K\u00fcrtlerin bin y\u0131l\u0131 a\u015fan muktedir zamanlar\u0131 var. Han\u00ee\u2019den sonra 1850’lere kadar yine nispeten normalle\u015fen bir d\u00f6nem var.<\/p>\n

Yaz\u0131l\u0131 K\u00fcrt edebiyat\u0131 alan\u0131 uzmanlar\u0131 bu realiteyi yo\u011fun olarak i\u015fleyip payla\u015f\u0131rsa, bu yanl\u0131\u015flar k\u0131sa s\u00fcrede d\u00fczelir kanaatimizce.<\/p>\n

Zira, B. Said Nurs\u00ee\u2019nin tabiriyle;<\/p>\n

Bir dane-i hakikat bir harman yalan\u0131 yakar.<\/em><\/p><\/blockquote>\n

\u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc K\u00fcrt\u00e7e, bir asra varan amans\u0131z ve imans\u0131z kar\u015f\u0131tlar\u0131n\u0131 alt etmeyi ba\u015fard\u0131.<\/p>\n

Bilmediklerinin bilgisizi bu dostlar\u0131n\u0131 mahcup etmesi, leblebi \u00e7erezdir onun i\u00e7in.<\/p>\n

Lakin unutmayal\u0131m ki bazen dostun att\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00fcl d\u00fc\u015fman\u0131n k\u0131l\u0131c\u0131ndan incitici olabilir.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\n

Nevzat Emino\u011flu<\/strong><\/p>\n

\n
\n
\n
\n
Mu\u015f Alparslan \u00dcniversitesi, Fen Edebiyat Fak\u00fcltesi, K\u00fcrt Dili ve Edebiyat\u0131 B\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc \u00d6\u011fr. G\u00f6r.<\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

(Bu yazi Independent alint\u0131d\u0131r)<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

<\/div>\n

1. \u0130bn Haldun, Mukaddime, Dergah Yay\u0131nlar\u0131, \u0130stanbul 1991, c. 2, s.967.
\n2. Cemal \u00dclke, \u201cOsmanl\u0131 Ar\u015fiv Belgelerinde K\u00fcrdistan Eyaleti ve K\u00fcrdistan Eyaletinin Kurulu\u015fu\u201d, Kimlik, K\u00fclt\u00fcr ve De\u011fi\u015fim S\u00fcrecinde Osmanl\u0131\u2019dan G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcze K\u00fcrtler Uluslararas\u0131 Sempozyumu, Bing\u00f6l \u00dcniversitesi Yay\u0131nlar\u0131, Bing\u00f6l 2013, s. 158.
\n3.\u00a0Muhammed Ron\u00ee El Meran\u00ee, \u201cBilinen En Esk\u00ee K\u00fcrt Alfabesi\u201d, K\u00fcrt Tarihi Dergisi,\u00a0 say\u0131: 5. s. 57.
\n4.\u00a0Yekta Sara\u00e7, Eski T\u00fcrk Edebiyat\u0131na Giri\u015f Anadolu \u00dcniversitesi Yay\u0131nlar\u0131, Eski\u015fehir 2012, s. 15.
\n5.\u00a0Mehemt Nur Yavuzer, K\u00fcrt Edebiyat\u0131nda Baba Tahir, Y\u00fcksek Lisans Tezi, Ya\u015fayan Diller Enstit\u00fcs\u00fc, Van Y\u00fcz\u00fcnc\u00fcy\u0131l \u00dcniversitesi, Van 2016
\n6. Mahmut Kaya, \u0130slami Edebiyatta \u015eaheserler, T\u00fcrkiye Yazma Eserler Kurumu Ba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131, \u0130stanbul 2018, s.770
\n7. Zahir Ertekin, \u201cBaz\u0131 Modern K\u00fcrt Ayd\u0131nlar\u0131n\u0131n \u0130slam ele\u015ftirilerine Reddiye\u201d, Uluslar aras\u0131 Ele\u015ftiri K\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fc ve Tahamm\u00fcl Ahlak\u0131 Sempozyumu, Mu\u015f Alparslan \u00dcniversitesi, Sempozyum Bildirileri, s. 138
\n8. Abdurrahman Adak, Destp\u00eaka Edebiyata Kurd\u00ee ya Klas\u00eek, N\u00fbbihar Yay\u0131nlar\u0131, \u0130sanbul 2013
\n9. Maruf Xaznedar, M\u00eajuw\u00ea Edeb\u00ee Kurd, Aras Bas\u0131m, Hewl\u00ear 2010
\n10.\u00a0Mela Ahmed-i Ciz\u00eer\u00ee, D\u00eewan, T.C. K\u00fclt\u00fcr Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 Yay\u0131nlar\u0131, Ankara 2014, s. 346
\n11.\u00a0Abdurrahman Aktepe, D\u00eewana R\u00fbh\u00ee, Elyazma n\u00fcsha, Aktaran: Zahir Ertekin, Nubihar 140. s.45.
\n12.\u00a0Adak, Abdurrahman; \u201cHelbestvan\u00ean Klas\u00eek ji Perspekt\u00eefa Her\u00eam\u00ee: Nim\u00fbneya Her\u00eama Bedl\u00ees\u00ea\u201d,
\nThe Journal of Mesopotamian Studies, C: 1\/1, 2016, s. 34
\n13. Selim Temo, K\u00fcrt \u015eiir Antolojisi, Agora Yay\u0131nlar\u0131, C. 1, s.16
\n14. \u015e.Ep\u00f6zdemir, Amasya Antla\u015fmas\u0131 1514 K\u00fcrt- Osmanl\u0131 \u0130ttifak\u0131 ve Mevlana \u0130dris-i Bitlisi,Peri Yay.2005, s. 160 <\/em>\u00a0 <\/strong><\/p>\n

\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Son g\u00fcnlerde birka\u00e7 kitap ve yaz\u0131da konu uzman\u0131 olmayanlar\u0131n \u201cYaz\u0131l\u0131 K\u00fcrt edebiyat\u0131n\u0131n zay\u0131f ve ya yok denecek kadar az oldu\u011fu\u201d \u015feklindeki iddialar\u0131yla kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131m. Bunun \u00fczerine bu alanda \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan biri olarak bilim ve ger\u00e7e\u011fe sayg\u0131 ad\u0131na bu konudaki literat\u00fcr\u00fc yazmak istedim. M.\u00d6.3000\u2019li y\u0131llarda yaz\u0131n\u0131n medeniyet co\u011frafyam\u0131z i\u00e7inde yer alan Mezopotamya\u2019da icad\u0131yla beraber insanl\u0131k tarihi i\u00e7in ayd\u0131nl\u0131k …<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":32,"featured_media":21638,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[5371],"tags":[137,5594,141,1616,5593],"class_list":["post-21637","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","","category-alinti-yazilar","tag-kurt","tag-kurt-uygarligi","tag-kurtce","tag-manset","tag-medeniyet"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/candname.com\/tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/21637","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/candname.com\/tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/candname.com\/tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/candname.com\/tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/32"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/candname.com\/tr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=21637"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/candname.com\/tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/21637\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/candname.com\/tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/21638"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/candname.com\/tr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=21637"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/candname.com\/tr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=21637"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/candname.com\/tr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=21637"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}