{"id":14108,"date":"2017-04-11T10:12:54","date_gmt":"2017-04-11T07:12:54","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/candname.com\/?p=14108"},"modified":"2017-04-11T11:10:16","modified_gmt":"2017-04-11T08:10:16","slug":"bitlis-tarihi-konferansi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/candname.com\/tr\/?p=14108","title":{"rendered":"Bitlis Tarihi Konferans\u0131 – \u015eakir Ep\u00f6zdemir"},"content":{"rendered":"

26.03.2017 tarihinde \u201cBitlis d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce ve akademik \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma gurubu\u201d taraf\u0131ndan d\u00fczenlenen ve \u201c\u0130zmir MMO Tepekule kongre ve sergi merkezi salonunda\u201d ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilen \u201cBitlis tarihi konferans\u0131nda\u201d konu\u015fmac\u0131 say\u0131n Prof. Ya\u015far Abdusselamo\u011flu\u2019nun iste\u011fi \u00fczerine Bitlis tarihi hakk\u0131nda taraf\u0131mdan okunan k\u0131sa bir metin: – \u015eakir Ep\u00f6zdemir<\/em>
\n<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u2026.<\/strong><\/p>\n

Tarih konusunda Bitlis \u015fehri b\u00fct\u00fcn K\u00fcrdistan \u015fehirlerinden daha avantajl\u0131 bir konumdad\u0131r. Elbette bunun b\u00f6yle olmas\u0131nda bir\u00e7ok neden vard\u0131r. Bu nedenlerin bir ka\u00e7\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6zetlersek:<\/p>\n

1-<\/strong>Co\u011frafi konumu,<\/p>\n

2-<\/strong>Stratejik alan\u0131,<\/p>\n

3-<\/strong>Ticaret yolunun i\u00e7inden ge\u00e7i\u015fi,<\/p>\n

4-<\/strong>\u00d6nemli bir ticaret merkezi olmas\u0131,<\/p>\n

5-<\/strong>\u015eehir ve \u00e7evre istikrar\u0131n\u0131 ve g\u00fcvenli\u011fini koruyan y\u00f6netime sahip olu\u015fu,<\/p>\n

6-<\/strong> Altyap\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n ( Han, hamam, Pazar gibi) d\u00fczg\u00fcn ve d\u00fczenli olmas\u0131.<\/p>\n

7-<\/strong>Temiz havas\u0131, buz gibi so\u011fuk suyu ve bu su p\u0131narlar\u0131n\u0131n \u015fehrin her taraf\u0131na hizmete sunulmu\u015f olmas\u0131,<\/p>\n

8-<\/strong>\u015eehri biri birlerine ba\u011flayan k\u00f6pr\u00fcler ve a\u00e7\u0131lan yollarla ula\u015f\u0131m sisteminin \u00e7ok fenni bir \u015fekilde sa\u011flanm\u0131\u015f olmas\u0131<\/p>\n

9-<\/strong>B\u00fct\u00fcn bilim dallar\u0131n\u0131n zaman\u0131n en geli\u015fmi\u015f medreselerinde okutulmas\u0131 ve bu \u015fehirde bilgi birikiminin olu\u015fmu\u015f olmas\u0131,<\/p>\n

10-<\/strong> \u015eehrin gelenek ve g\u00f6reneklere ba\u011fl\u0131 bir yap\u0131ya sahip olmas\u0131.<\/p>\n

11-<\/strong> B\u00fcy\u00fck Em\u00eer \u015eemseddin, \u015eeref Han IV, \u015eeref Han V. Ve Ebdel Han gibi b\u00fcy\u00fck y\u00f6neticilerle ya\u015fam\u0131\u015f olmas\u0131,<\/p>\n

12-<\/strong> Tarih Bilgini \u015eeref Han\u2019\u0131n K\u00fcrt ve K\u00fcrdistan Tarihini, Osmanl\u0131-\u0130ran Tarihini ve \u015eerefnamenin Tablolar\u0131 gibi \u00e7ok \u00f6nemli eserlerin bundan 420 y\u0131l \u00f6nce yazm\u0131\u015f olmas\u0131,<\/p>\n

13-<\/strong> \u015eeref Han\u2019\u0131n torunu Ebdal Han\u2019\u0131n ihti\u015faml\u0131 y\u00f6netimini k\u0131skanan Osmanl\u0131lar\u0131n Bitlis\u2019e m\u00fcdahale etmesi,<\/p>\n

14-<\/strong> Evliya \u00c7elebi Seyahatnamesinde Bitlis \u015fehri ve y\u00f6netiminin \u00e7ok detayl\u0131 bir \u015fekilde anlat\u0131lmas\u0131,<\/p>\n

15-<\/strong> Rojkanl\u0131lar\u0131n tarih boyunca direni\u015f kabiliyetleri ve yurtsever tutumlar\u0131.<\/p>\n

B\u00fct\u00fcn bu nedenlerle Bitlis \u015eehri \u00e7ok \u015fatafatl\u0131 ve onurlu bir bi\u00e7imde tarih sahnesinde yerini alm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

\u2026<\/p>\n

\u015eimdi de tarih bilgini cennetmek\u00e2n V.\u015eeref Han\u2019\u0131n 420 y\u0131l \u00f6nce yazd\u0131\u011f\u0131 K\u00fcrt ve K\u00fcrdistan tarihinden derlemeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131m birka\u00e7 konuyu tekrarlayal\u0131m:<\/strong><\/p>\n

1-<\/strong>\u201cK\u00fcrtler aras\u0131nda me\u015fhurdur ki, Bitlis kalesindeki her ta\u015f\u0131n yerine konmas\u0131 u\u011frunda Rojkan a\u015firetinin adamlar\u0131ndan birinin ba\u015f\u0131 gitmi\u015ftir.\u201d ( \u015eerefname- Hasad yy- 3. Bask\u0131 M.E.Bozarslan \u2013 s. 414 \u2013istanbul)<\/p>\n

2-<\/strong> \u201cB\u00fcy\u00fck Sultanlardan herhangi biri, ne zaman K\u00fcrdistan\u2019\u0131 istila etmek ve K\u00fcrtleri saltanat\u0131na boyun e\u011fdirmek isterse, her \u015feyden \u00f6nce mutlaka Bitlis beyleriyle d\u00fc\u015fmanl\u0131k yapmas\u0131 ve Rojkan a\u015firetleriyle sava\u015f\u0131p ona boyun e\u011fdirmesi gerekir. Bu K\u00fcrt a\u015fireti sald\u0131rgana boyun e\u011fmedi\u011fi takdirde, K\u00fcrdistan\u2019\u0131n o teki halklar\u0131 ve topluluklar\u0131 kimseye boyun e\u011fmezler\u201d diyor ve devam\u0131nda Kanuni Sultan S\u00fcleyman\u2019\u0131n Baykan, Motkan, Zeydani ve Bilbas\u0131 a\u015firetleri ile 3 y\u0131l sava\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, neticede Rojkan kahramanlar\u0131n\u0131 yenemeyece\u011fini anlayan Sultan, siyaset yolu ile Bitlisi \u015eeyh Emir Bilbasi\u2019nin o\u011flu \u0130brahim Beye b\u0131rakarak kuvvetlerini geri \u00e7ekti\u011fini anlat\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. (a.g.e. s.414 – 415)<\/p>\n

3-<\/strong>\u201c1597 y\u0131l\u0131 olan \u015fu tarihe kadar yayg\u0131n olan s\u00f6zlere g\u00f6re, atalar\u0131m olan bu h\u00fck\u00fcmdarlar\u0131n Bitlis vilayeti ile ona ba\u011fl\u0131 olan, ona eklenen ve ona kat\u0131lan yerlerin y\u00f6netimini ellerine ge\u00e7irmelerinin \u00fczerinden 760 y\u0131l ge\u00e7mi\u015ftir\u201d der \u015eeref Han hazretleri. (a.g.e.s.419)<\/p>\n

\u015eeref Han\u2019\u0131n anlat\u0131m\u0131na g\u00f6re Milad\u0131 836\u2019dan beri O\u2019nun s\u00fclalesi Bitlisi y\u00f6netmektedir. Ben \u015fahsen \u015eeref Han\u2019\u0131n s\u00f6ylediklerine itibar ediyorum. E\u011fer Ahlattan K\u0131sra hanedan\u0131na mensup Behwat\u2019\u0131n o\u011fullar\u0131 veya torunlar\u0131ndan 2 karde\u015fin getirilip Bitlis ve Sason y\u00f6netimlerinin ba\u015f\u0131na konulmu\u015fsa ve e\u011fer bu do\u011fruysa, kesinlikle 8. Asr\u0131n ba\u015f\u0131nda bu olay ba\u015flam\u0131\u015f demektir.<\/p>\n

4-<\/strong> \u2026 \u201cSel\u00e7uklu Atabeylerin ( 1140 tarihinde ba\u015flayan)\u00a0 K\u00fcrdistan, \u00f6zellikle Bitlis Kalesi ve \u015fehri \u00fczerindeki egemenlikleri 40 y\u0131ldan fazla s\u00fcrd\u00fc. Daha Sonra Sultan Selaheddin 1180 y\u0131l\u0131nda Atabeylerin Misir, \u015eam ve Halep b\u00f6lgelerindeki Atabeg\u00ee y\u00f6netimlerini sonland\u0131r\u0131nca, \u2026 i\u015fte o zaman \u2026 Rojkan a\u015fireti sahneye \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131 ve \u00fclkeye tahakk\u00fcm eden, yery\u00fcz\u00fcnde fesat \u00e7\u0131karan Atabey\u2019lerin kuvvetlerine ans\u0131z\u0131n sald\u0131rd\u0131; ve kesici k\u0131l\u0131\u00e7larla, par\u00e7alay\u0131c\u0131 han\u00e7erlerle onlar\u0131 da\u011flardan ve enginlerden s\u00f6k\u00fcp att\u0131.\u201d (a.g.e. sayfa 423)<\/p>\n

5-<\/strong>1394 y\u0131l\u0131nda Timurleng Mu\u015f Ovas\u0131nda karargah\u0131n\u0131 kurdu\u011funda zaman\u0131n Bitlis H\u00fck\u00fcmdar\u0131 Haci \u015eeref Beg huzuruna \u00e7\u0131k\u0131p Bitlis, Ahlat,\u00a0\u00a0 Mu\u015f, Hinis ve di\u011fer kalelerin anahtarlar\u0131n\u0131 kendisine verince, bu davran\u0131\u015f Timurlengin ho\u015funa gidiyor ve bir fermanname ile Bitlis ve Bitlise ba\u011fl\u0131 m\u00fclhakat\u0131n egemenli\u011fine ilaveten Haci \u015eeref Beg\u2019in m\u00fclkiyetine Pasin, Evink ve Malazgird\u00ee da dahil ediyor ve egemenli\u011fine b\u0131rak\u0131yor. Bu da Bitlis i\u00e7in bir diplomas\u0131 zaferidir.<\/p>\n

6-<\/strong>\u015eeref Han\u2019\u0131n anlat\u0131m\u0131na g\u00f6re Bitlis H\u00fck\u00fcmdarl\u0131\u011f\u0131 Timurleng, Kara Yusuf, Mirza \u015eahruh, \u015eah \u0130smail ve \u015eah \u0130smail\u2019in o\u011flu \u015eah Tahmasp\u2019tan fermannameler alm\u0131\u015f ve bu \u015fah ve Sultanlar bu stat\u00fcy\u00fc resmen tan\u0131d\u0131klar\u0131na dair bu fermannamelerle kabul ve teyit etmi\u015flerdir.<\/p>\n

7-<\/strong> Bitlis y\u00f6netimi 1533 y\u0131l\u0131nda IV.\u015eeref Han\u2019\u0131n \u015eah Tahmasptan ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 fermannamede \u015fu s\u00f6zler \u00f6nem ta\u015f\u0131r: \u201c- \u2026 kendisini \u201cHan\u201d rutbesiyle taltif\u00a0 ederek ona \u201c\u015eeref Han\u201d lakab\u0131n\u0131 verdik;\u00a0 \u2026 Ayr\u0131ca kendisine b\u00fct\u00fcn K\u00fcrdistan beylerinin ve kuvvetlerinin genel komutanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve beylerbeyi g\u00f6revini verdik\u201d diyor \u015eah Tahmasp. (a.g.e. sayfa 492)<\/p>\n

8- Sultan Kara Yusuf da 1418 de kaleme ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 fermannamesinde : \u201c \u2026 h\u00fck\u00fcmdarlar, g\u00f6revliler, meslek ve sanat adamlar\u0131, di\u011fer halk, ileri gelen liderler ve K\u00fcrdistan\u2019\u0131n b\u00fct\u00fcn Krallar\u0131; ve Bitlis, Ahlat, Mu\u015f, Hinis ve bunlara kat\u0131lan ve ba\u011fl\u0131 olan yerlerin soylular\u0131, tan\u0131nm\u0131\u015flar\u0131, \u00fcnl\u00fcleri ve sakinler!. Hepiniz biliniz ki; en aziz, en de\u011ferli, en sayg\u0131de\u011fer evlad\u0131m, beylik ve adalet sahibi hazretleri, en b\u00fcy\u00fck Emir, Acem Emirlerinin Emiri, \u2026 M\u00eer \u015eemseddin\u201d diyerek Emirli\u011fini teyid ve kabul ediyor.( a.g.e. sayfa 435-436)<\/p>\n

9-<\/strong> Emir \u015eemseddin, kendi ad\u0131na paray\u0131 basan Gomeydandaki k\u00fclliyeyi ve Camiyi in\u015fa eden, bir\u00e7ok mimari faaliyette bulunan ve Bitlis halk\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan evliya olarak an\u0131lan Emir \u015eemseddin\u2019den s\u00f6z ediyorum. 1520\u2019lerde birka\u00e7 Kurdistan Begleri ve H\u00fck\u00fcmdarlar\u0131 ile beraber Timurlengin o\u011flu Sultan Mirza \u015fahruhu ziyaret eder, Sultan O\u2019nu ve yan\u0131ndaki beyleri izzet ve ikramla kar\u015f\u0131lar. ( a.g.e. Sayfa 437)<\/p>\n

10-<\/strong> \u015eerefnamede kayda al\u0131nan Bitlis Emirlerinin di\u011fer K\u00fcrdistan Emirlerine \u00f6nc\u00fcl\u00fck konusunda \u015fu olaylar\u0131 hat\u0131rl\u0131yorum. A)-1394 te Bitlis Em\u00eeri Haci \u015eeref birka\u00e7 K\u00fcrdistan beyleriyle beraber M\u00fc\u015f Ovas\u0131nda karargah kurmu\u015f olan Timurleng ziyaret eder. B)- B\u00fcy\u00fck Emir \u015eemseddin yine birka\u00e7 K\u00fcrdistan beyleri ile \u015eahruhu ziyaret eder. C)-IV.\u015eeref Han say\u0131lar\u0131 11\u2019i bulan Kurdistan Beyleriyle \u015eah \u0130smaili ziyaret eder. Bu 3 olay Bitlis Beyli\u011finin diplomas\u0131 konusunda ve prestij bab\u0131ndan lider konumunda oldu\u011funu g\u00f6steriyor.<\/p>\n

11-<\/strong>1460\u2019larda Uzun Hasan\u2019\u0131n Akkoyunlu devletinin bir ucu Tokat, Erzincan, di\u011fer ucu \u0130ran, Afganistan id\u0131. Bu devlet hem b\u00fcy\u00fck hem de \u00e7ok gaddar bir yap\u0131dayd\u0131. Bu d\u00f6nemde Bitlis Em\u00eeri \u0130brahim Bey\u2019dir. Bijeno\u011flu S\u00fcleyman komutas\u0131ndaki istila ordusu tam 3 y\u0131l Bitlisi abluka alt\u0131nda tutuyor. \u015eerefnameye g\u00f6re \u0130brahim kalede 7 adam\u0131yla kalana kadar direniyor. Bu arada Bijeno\u011flu S\u00fcleyman Uzun Hasan\u2019a bir gazel yazarak: \u201c- \u015eaha! Ol Bitlis\u2019\u0131n K\u00fcrd\u00fc mut\u00ee olmaz S\u00fcleyman\u2019e. Ezelden kalma adettir, \u00e7al\u0131\u015furler Oca\u011f \u00fcste\u201d der. (a.g.e. Sayfa 449)<\/p>\n

12-\u00a0<\/strong>K\u00fcrt-Osmanl\u0131 \u0130ttifak\u0131 s\u00f6z konusu olunca, bu ittifak\u0131n faturas\u0131 hep Bitlis\u2019e \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131l\u0131yor. \u0130dris-i Bitlis-i\u2019den, ve bu projenin sahibi olan B\u00fcy\u00fck \u015eeref Han\u2019dan \u015fikayet\u00e7i ayd\u0131n ve kellifelli ayd\u0131nlar\u0131m\u0131z hala var. Oysa IV.\u015eeref Xan Osmanl\u0131larla temasa ge\u00e7meden 6 y\u0131l \u00f6nce \u015eah \u0130smail ile anla\u015f\u0131yor ve \u015eah \u0130smail Bitlis H\u00fck\u00fcmdarl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 resmen tan\u0131yarak bir fermanname ile bu y\u00f6netimi teyit ediyor \u015e\u00f6yle ki:<\/p>\n

\u015eah \u0130smail Mara\u015f ve Harput\u2019u kendine ba\u011flad\u0131ktan ve Diyarbak\u0131r\u2019\u0131 Akkoyunlu devletinin Valisinden teslim ald\u0131ktan sonra, Bitlis yoluyla \u0130ran\u2019a do\u011fru hareket ediyor ve Ahl\u00e2t civar\u0131nda molla vererek kararg\u00e2h\u0131n\u0131 kuruyor. Bundan sonra s\u00f6z\u00fc \u015eeref Hana b\u0131rak\u0131yorum: \u201c-Bu s\u0131rada Emir \u015eeref O\u2019nun y\u00fcce huzuruna gidip kendisiyle mutlulu\u011fa kavu\u015ftu. Sonra da ulu \u015eah\u2019\u0131n geli\u015fini kutlamak amac\u0131yla, y\u00fcce ve \u015fahane bir ziyafet vermek i\u015fini haz\u0131rlad\u0131. \u2026 Bu b\u00fcy\u00fck ziyafetin bitmesinden sonra, Emir \u015eeref bu sefer bol ve b\u00fcy\u00fck hediyelerini sundu. Soylu atlar\u0131 e\u011ferleriyle, koyunlar\u0131 s\u00fcr\u00fclerle, deve ve kat\u0131rlar\u0131 dizilerle hediye etti. Bu durum \u015eah\u2019\u0131n kendisine hayran olmas\u0131n\u0131 ve b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde sevin\u00e7 duymas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flad\u0131. Bunun sonucu olarak O\u2019nu y\u00fcce ilgisinin kapsam\u0131 i\u00e7ine ald\u0131 ve de\u011ferli g\u00fcvenini verdi; Bitlis Eyaleti\u2019nin kendi y\u00f6netiminde kalmas\u0131na dair y\u00fcce bir emirname \u00e7\u0131kard\u0131 ve Emir \u015feref\u2019i de\u011ferli hil\u2019latlerle taltif etti\u201d. (a.g.e. sayfa 471- 72-73 )<\/p>\n

13 –<\/strong> (1533\u2019te) \u2026 \u201c\u015eah Tahmasp IV.\u015eeref Han\u2019a bir emirname yazarak Azerbeycan Eyaletinin Muhaf\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ve b\u00fct\u00fcn durumlarda oran\u0131n i\u015flerinin y\u00f6netimini kendisine verdi; ayr\u0131ca, Helhel Sultan Arapk\u0131rl\u00fb, Uveys Sultan Pazuk\u00ee, Ka\u00e7ar Ecel Sultan, Em\u00eere bey Mahmudi, Tebriz Valisi Musa Sultan gibi baz\u0131 K\u0131s\u0131lba\u015f komutanlar\u0131n\u0131n da, durum gerektik\u00e7e kendisine yard\u0131mc\u0131 ve destek olmakla\u00a0 g\u00f6revlendirdi.\u201d (a.g.e. sayfa 495)<\/p>\n

14-<\/strong> 1534 sonbahar\u0131nda Diyarbak\u0131r Beylerbeyi F\u00eel Yakup ve Ulema Tekelu Osmanl\u0131 Hassa Ordusu ve K\u00fcrdistan Beylerinin kuvvetleri Bitlis\u2019e sald\u0131rmak \u00fczere yola \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131\u011f\u0131nda IV. Em\u00eer \u015eeref sava\u015f divan\u0131n\u0131 topluyor ve Osmanl\u0131 kuvvetleri geldi\u011finde taktik olarak Alada\u011f ve Ele\u015fgirte do\u011fru \u00e7ekilmeyi, \u0130ran kuvvetlerinin deste\u011fini ald\u0131ktan sonra Osmanl\u0131 Ordusuyla sava\u015fmay\u0131 \u00f6neriyor, \u015eeref Xan\u2019\u0131n vekili Seydi Ali Pertavi bu g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fe kat\u0131lm\u0131yor, \u015eeref Han\u2019\u0131n huzurunda ve y\u00fcce divan\u0131nda \u015funlar\u0131 s\u00f6yl\u00fcyor:\u201d- E\u011fer Rojkanl\u0131lar Ulema Tekelu ve avamesine kar\u015f\u0131 sava\u015fmakta gev\u015fek ve umursamaz davran\u0131rlarsa, ben o zaman Bitlis Vilayetindeki Ermeni\u2019leri ve Hiristiyan\u2019lar\u0131 toplay\u0131p bunlarla sald\u0131rganlara kar\u015f\u0131 sava\u015f\u0131r\u0131m\u201d demi\u015f.( a.g.e.sayfa 497)<\/p>\n

15-<\/strong> \u015eeref Xan, Hazzo h\u00fck\u00fcmdar\u0131 Mihemmed Beyin k\u0131z\u0131yla evlenen babas\u0131 Emir \u015eemseddin\u2019in d\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fcn\u00fc anlat\u0131rken tarihe not d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcrecek birkonuyu \u015f\u00f6yle anlat\u0131yor: \u201c- O s\u0131rada B\u00fcy\u00fck misafirlerin \u00f6nde gelenleri Hakkar\u0131l\u0131 Seyyid Muhammed, Botanl\u0131 \u015eah Eli Beg, Sultan Melik Halil Eyyub\u00ee, Palolu Hasan beg vard\u0131. \u2026 Meclis da\u011f\u0131l\u0131p da bir benzeri g\u00f6r\u00fclmemi\u015f bu d\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn sona erince \u015eeref Han, K\u00fcrdistan B\u00fcy\u00fcklerinden ve beylerinden olan misafirlerine b\u00fcy\u00fck hediyeler ve arma\u011fanlar sundu; \u00fczerlerine y\u00fcce hilatlar giydirdi; sonra da d\u00f6nmeleri i\u00e7in kendilerine izin verdi\u201d. ( a.g.e.sayfa 500)<\/p>\n

16-<\/strong> \u015eah \u0130smail ile ilk anla\u015fan IV. \u015eeref Han\u2019d\u0131r. Bu anla\u015fmadan bir y\u0131l sonra Hasankeyf h\u00fck\u00fcmdar\u0131 Melik Halil Eyyub\u00ee, Cizre H\u00fck\u00fcmdar\u0131 \u015eah Eli Beg ba\u015fta olmak \u00fczere say\u0131lar\u0131 11\u2019i bulan K\u00fcrdistan Beylerini \u015eaha g\u00f6t\u00fcren ve \u015eah \u0130smail ile oturup K\u00fcrdistan beyleri ile bir ittifak \u00e7er\u00e7evesinde anla\u015fmak isteyen K\u00fcrt Beylerine \u00f6nderlik yapan \u015eeref Hand\u0131r. \u015eah \u0130smail\u2019in yanl\u0131\u015f tutumu sonucu \u015eah ile anla\u015fma umudu kalmay\u0131nca Osmanl\u0131larla ittifak kurarak b\u00fct\u00fcn \u015fehir ve kaleleri Kurtulu\u015fu sa\u011flayan \u015eeref Han\u2019\u0131n ve Mewlana \u0130dris\u2019in projesidir.<\/p>\n

Peki neden ve hangi y\u00fczle ve de hangi andla\u015fma maddesine g\u00f6re 1533,1534, 1535\/37 ve en son 1655\u2019te Melik Ahmed Pa\u015fan\u0131n Bitlis \u00fczerindeki seferine bildi\u011fimiz tam 4 sefer K\u00fcrdistan Begleri ve h\u00fck\u00fcmdarlar\u0131 Osmanl\u0131lar\u0131n Bitlis \u00fczerindeki seferlere itiraz etmeden kat\u0131l\u0131yorlar? Ve birka\u00e7 soru daha:\u2026<\/p>\n

a)- Bitlis H\u00fck\u00fcmdarlar\u0131 Osmanl\u0131 kuvvetleri ile birle\u015fip her hangi bir stat\u00fcn\u00fcn \u00fczerine sald\u0131rm\u0131\u015flar m\u0131?…<\/p>\n

b)- K\u00fcrt-Osmanl\u0131 \u0130ttifak antla\u015fmas\u0131nda \u201cOsmanl\u0131lar\u0131n herhangi bir K\u00fcrdistan stat\u00fcs\u00fcn\u00fc ortadan kald\u0131rmaya yeltendi\u011finde di\u011fer beyler Osmanl\u0131lar\u0131 destekleyecek diye bir kay\u0131t var m\u0131?…\u00a0 c)- Neden Mevlana \u0130dris\u2019ten sonra bir daha 28 veya 50 ( daha sonra 140\u2019e varan) K\u00fcrdistan stat\u00fcleri bir araya gelip hi\u00e7bir konuyu sorgulamad\u0131lar?… d)- Mevlana \u0130dris\u2019ten sonra, neden koskoca bir co\u011frafya da ba\u015far\u0131 sa\u011flayan ve amac\u0131na ula\u015fan bir diplomat veya ger\u00e7ek bir lider ortaya \u00e7\u0131kmad\u0131?\u00a0 Bu sorular\u0131m 1514-1847 M\u00eerler d\u00f6nemini kapsayan 333 y\u0131ll\u0131k zaman i\u00e7indir. Diplomaside ba\u015faran ve sava\u015farak sonu\u00e7 alanlar\u0131 soruyorum. Yenilen ve yenilgileri ile K\u00fcrdistan\u2019\u0131n s\u00f6m\u00fcrgele\u015fmesine katk\u0131 sa\u011flayan hareketleri saymaya kalkmay\u0131n\u0131z.<\/p>\n

L\u00fctfen tarihi olaylar\u0131n fark\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6relim! Madalyonun her iki y\u00fcz\u00fcne bakal\u0131m. Emir \u015eemseddin Rehva da, Taxtel\u00fb ile Ba\u015fhan aras\u0131nda hayat\u0131n\u0131 verdi, \u015fehit oldu,\u00a0 Akkoyunlu devletine teslim olmad\u0131. Onun o\u011flu IV. \u015eeref Han Tat\u0131k Ovas\u0131nda ba\u015f\u0131n\u0131 verdi Kanuni Sultan S\u00fcleymana teslim olmad\u0131, O b\u00fcy\u00fck devlet adam\u0131n\u0131n o\u011flu Emir \u015eemseddin Han Bitlisi Malatya ve Mara\u015f \u015fehirleri ile de\u011fi\u015ftirmeyerek gitti \u015eah \u0130smail\u2019in o\u011flu \u015eah Tahmasp\u2019a s\u0131\u011f\u0131nd\u0131 ve \u00f6l\u00fcnceye kadar vatan hasretini ta\u015f\u0131d\u0131; onun o\u011flu V.\u015eeref Xan \u0130randa do\u011fdu, \u015eah Tahmasp\u0131n Saray\u0131nda okudu, donand\u0131 36 ya\u015f\u0131nda gelip baba ve atalar\u0131n\u0131n devletinin ta\u00e7 ve taht\u0131na kavu\u015ftu, \u015eeref Han V.\u2019\u0131n o\u011flu Em\u00eer \u015eemseddin\u2019\u00ee\u00a0 Avrupal\u0131 Seyyah Pietro Della Vella \u00e7ok g\u00fczel anlatm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r;\u00a0 seyahatnamesine ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 o m\u00fcthi\u015f olay makalenin sonuna eklenmi\u015ftir( 1 ) ve bu Emir \u015eemseddinin Ebdel Han ad\u0131ndaki o\u011flunun Melik Ahmed Pa\u015fa\u2019n\u0131n 100.000\u2019lik kuvvetine kar\u015f\u0131 Bitlis \u015fehrinin y\u0131k\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 istemeyen zaman\u0131n\u0131n en iyi h\u00fck\u00fcmdar\u0131 5000 sava\u015f\u00e7\u0131yla Motkan da\u011flar\u0131na \u00e7\u0131karak belki tarihte ilk olarak Gerilla takti\u011fini uygulayarak \u015fehrini i\u015fgal kuvvetlerine teslim etmedi.<\/p>\n

\u2026<\/strong><\/p>\n

(\u00a0 1 \u00a0) —17.y\u00fczy\u0131lda Yabanc\u0131 Gezginler G\u00f6z\u00fcyle K\u00fcrdistan:<\/strong><\/p>\n

Merhum \u0130smet \u015eerif Vanl\u0131 \u201cBat\u0131l\u0131 Eski Seyyahlar G\u00f6z\u00fcyle K\u00fcrtler ve K\u00fcrdistan\u201d adl\u0131 yap\u0131t\u0131nda verdi\u011fi bilgiler \u0131\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131nda bu Seyyahlar\u0131n G\u00f6z\u00fcyle birka\u00e7 \u00f6rnek vermek istiyorum.<\/p>\n

1616\u2019da Pietro Della Valle \u0130stanbul\u2019dayken \u00f6nemli bir haber al\u0131r. K\u00fcrdistan\u2019dan gelen Bitlis Han\u0131\u2019n\u0131n \u015fehre var\u0131\u015f\u0131ndan bahseder. \u201c- Bu prens, \u0130stanbul\u2019a, Nafiz Pa\u015fa\u2019n\u0131n \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcnden az \u00f6nce elinden al\u0131nan, bir k\u0131sm\u0131n\u0131 yeni yeni tekrar ele ge\u00e7irdi\u011fi topraklar\u0131n\u0131n t\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fcn geri verilmesini sa\u011flamak i\u00e7in \u0130stanbul\u2019a gelmi\u015fti\u201d der.<\/p>\n

Sultan Ahmed devridir. B\u00fcy\u00fck bir n\u00fcfuza sahip olan Bitlis Han\u0131\u2019n\u0131n b\u00fct\u00fcn istekleri yerine getirilir. Han, Sultan huzuruna kabul edilir, m\u00fclkiyet ve t\u00fcm haklar\u0131 geri verilir. Bununla da yetinilmez ve su\u00e7lu vezir \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fcl\u00fcr. Fakat Han, bunlar\u0131n bedelini \u0130ran\u2019a kar\u015f\u0131 sava\u015fmak \u00fczere Sultan\u0131n emrine bir K\u00fcrt ordusu vermek ve ayr\u0131ca ona arma\u011fanlar sunmakla \u00f6demek zorundad\u0131r.\u201d der. Della Valle (s,23-24-25).<\/p>\n

1616\u2019da \u0130stanbula giden Prens Abdal han m\u0131? Babas\u0131 Emir \u015eemseddin mi? B\u00fcy\u00fck ihtimalle Bitlis H\u00fck\u00fcmet Ba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 1597 de babas\u0131 V.\u015eeref Han\u2019dan devir alan Emir \u015eemseddin\u2019dir bu Prens. Arazileri antla\u015fmalara ayk\u0131r\u0131 ve Bitlis y\u00f6netimini ortadan kald\u0131rmak i\u00e7in Kanuni Sultan S\u00fcleyman zaman\u0131nda gasp edilmi\u015ftir. Bitlis\u2019in araz\u0131lar\u0131 derken, Bitlis, Ahlat, Mu\u015f, H\u0131n\u0131s ve b\u00fct\u00fcn m\u00fclhakat\u0131d\u0131r. Kavar, Simek, Motki, Baykan da buna dahildir. 1579 da 3.Murat \u015eeref Han\u0131\u2019\u0131 \u0130rsi h\u00fck\u00fcmetinin ba\u015f\u0131na ge\u00e7mesi i\u00e7in Nehcivan\u2019dan \u00e7a\u011f\u0131rtt\u0131, bir fermanname ile b\u00fct\u00fcn kanuni haklar\u0131n\u0131 iade etti ama ge\u00e7mi\u015fte kalan 40 y\u0131ll\u0131k Osmanl\u0131 istilas\u0131 d\u00f6neminde bu topraklar babalar\u0131n\u0131n helal mal\u0131ym\u0131\u015f gibi Bitlis\u2019ten ay\u0131rm\u0131\u015flard\u0131. \u0130\u015fte Nafiz Pa\u015fan\u0131n kellesi u\u00e7tu\u011funda demek ki b\u00fct\u00fcn g\u00fcnahlar kendisine y\u00fcklendi ve prensimizin talepleri yerine getirildi. (Bak: K\u00fcrt-Osmanl\u0131 \u0130ttifak\u0131n\u0131n 500. Y\u0131l\u0131 s.150 \u2013\u015eakir Ep\u00f6zdemir)<\/p>\n

Say\u0131n Ya\u015far Abdusselamo\u011flu ve Konferans\u0131n Tertip komitesi taraf\u0131ndan konferansta Bitlis tarihi ile ilgili bu metni okumama f\u0131rsat verdiklerinden dolay\u0131 \u00a0te\u015fekk\u00fcrlerimi ve ve en derin sayg\u0131lar\u0131m\u0131 sunarim.<\/em><\/p>\n