\u00dcnl\u00fc K\u00fcrt \u015fairi ve yazar\u0131 Ehmed\u00ea Xan\u00ee\u2019 nin 17. y\u00fczy\u0131lda \u00e7ocuklar i\u00e7in haz\u0131rlad\u0131\u011f\u0131 K\u00fcrt\u00e7e- Arap\u00e7a S\u00f6zl\u00fck\u2019ten (N\u00fbbar) bu yana K\u00fcrt dilinin bir\u00e7ok s\u00f6zl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc ve grameri yay\u0131mland\u0131. Bunlar aras\u0131nda, \u0130talyan M. Garzoni\u2019nin 1787\u2019de yay\u0131mlad\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u201cK\u00fcrt Dilinin Grameri ve S\u00f6zl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc\u201dn\u00fcn ku\u015fkusuz K\u00fcrdoloji biliminde \u00f6zg\u00fcn bir yeri vard\u0131r.<\/p>\n
Bunlardan birini, K\u00fcrt dilcisi Halil Hayali Bey\u2019in, daha \u00f6nce Ziya G\u00f6kalp\u2019le birlikte haz\u0131rlad\u0131\u011f\u0131, ancak onun imha etmesinden sonra, yeniden haz\u0131rlay\u0131p 1909\u2019da \u0130stanbul\u2019da yay\u0131mlad\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u201cElifbay\u00ea Kurmanci\u201dsininin t\u0131pk\u0131bas\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 ilk kez Beyaz\u0131t Devlet K\u00fct\u00fcphanesi\u2019nde bulup K\u00fcrdoloji Belgeleri adl\u0131 eserimizde yay\u0131mlam\u0131\u015ft\u0131k.(1)<\/p>\n
Oysa, ayn\u0131 dilbilimcinin K\u00fcrt Dilinin Sarf \u00fb Nahvi\u2019ni ve Kamus\u2019unu yani K\u00fcrt Dilinin Gramerini ve S\u00f6zl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc de haz\u0131rlad\u0131\u011f\u0131 biliniyor. \u00dcstelik, \u00f6zellikle s\u00f6zkonusu Gramer\u2019in yay\u0131mlanm\u0131\u015f oldu\u011fu, d\u00f6nemin K\u00fcrt periyotlar\u0131ndan bir\u00e7o\u011funda da yer al\u0131yor. Buna ra\u011fmen, bu eserlere hen\u00fcz ula\u015f\u0131labilmi\u015f de\u011fil.<\/p>\n
Birka\u00e7 y\u0131l \u00f6nce, Ankara\u2019daki bir kitap ve nadir eser m\u00fczayedesinde, K\u00fcrt\u00e7e fiillerin t\u00fcm zamanlarda \u00e7ekimlerini ve T\u00fcrk\u00e7e kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 kapsayan Osmanl\u0131 harfli\u00a0\u00a0 bir tabelas\u0131n\u0131n \u0130stanbul\u2019dan\u00a0 bir sahafa sat\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6\u011frendik.(2)<\/p>\n
\u015eimdi tan\u0131tmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015faca\u011f\u0131m\u0131z, Harput\u2019lu \u00d6mer Avni Efendi\u2019nin\u00a0Kav\u00e2id-i Lis\u00e2n-\u0131 K\u00fcrd\u00ee<\/em>\u00a0 adl\u0131 K\u00fcrt Dilinin Grameri\u2019ne ili\u015fkin eseri de, hen\u00fcz ula\u015f\u0131lmayan bu t\u00fcrden nadir eserlerden biridir.<\/p>\n Bu eserin ismine, ilk kez Musa Anter\u2019in bir yaz\u0131s\u0131nda ve an\u0131lar\u0131nda rastl\u0131yoruz. Musa Anter, 1914\u2019te yay\u0131mlanan K\u00fcrt dergisi Yekb\u00fbn \u00fczerine bir yaz\u0131s\u0131nda(3); Elaz\u0131\u011f\u2019da yay\u0131mlanan Kavaid-i Lisan-\u0131 K\u00fcrdi adl\u0131 bir dilbilgisi kitab\u0131ndan s\u00f6zeder, ancak kitap hakk\u0131nda daha fazla bilgi vermez. M. Malmisan\u0131j ise, bir yaz\u0131s\u0131nda yaln\u0131zca bu bilgi notunu d\u00fc\u015fmekle yetinir.(4)<\/p>\n Hen\u00fcz asl\u0131na ula\u015famad\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z bu \u00f6nemli esere ili\u015fkin en ayr\u0131nt\u0131l\u0131 bilgiyi, Sad\u0131k Albayrak\u2019\u0131n Son Devir Osmanl\u0131 Ulemas\u0131 adl\u0131 eserinde buluyoruz.(5) Bu nedenle, \u015fimdilik Ba\u015fbakanl\u0131k Devlet Ar\u015fivleri\u2019nde buldu\u011fumuz, \u00d6mer Avni Efendi\u2019nin \u00f6zge\u00e7mi\u015fine ili\u015fkin bir belge ile\u00a0 yukarda an\u0131lan eserde verilen bilgilerle yetinmek durumunda kal\u0131yoruz.(6)<\/p>\n Harput\u2019lu \u00d6mer Avni Efendi Kimdir?<\/strong><\/p>\n Meydanc\u0131kl\u0131o\u011flu El- Hac Osman A\u011fa\u2019n\u0131n o\u011flu olan \u00d6mer Avni Efendi, May\u0131s- 1281\u2019de (May\u0131s-1865) El-Aziz Harput kazas\u0131na ba\u011fl\u0131 Alacamescid mahallesinde do\u011fmu\u015ftur. 1299\/ 1883\u2019te Harput R\u00fc\u015ftiyesi\u2019ni pekiyi dereceyle bitirmi\u015f ve medrese e\u011fitimine ta\u015frada ve \u0130stanbul\u2019da devam ederek diploma alm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. K\u00fcrt\u00e7e d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda T\u00fcrk\u00e7e, Arap\u00e7a ve Fars\u00e7a bilirdi.<\/p>\n 1318\/1902\u2019de ta\u015fraya g\u00f6nderilen \u00f6\u011fretmenler aras\u0131nda, Edirne M\u00fcderrisli\u011fi\u2019nde g\u00f6revlendirilir. Bu a\u015famada haz\u0131rlad\u0131\u011f\u0131 Kavaid-i Lisan-\u0131 K\u00fcrdi\u2019yi (K\u00fcrt Dilinin Grameri), 1328\/1912\u2019de Elaziz\u2019de Hur\u015fid Efendi Matbaas\u0131\u2019nda 48 sayfal\u0131k bir kitap\u00e7\u0131k olarak bast\u0131r\u0131r.<\/p>\n 27 Ya\u015f\u0131nda, Eyl\u00fcl-1308\/1892\u2019de Dersim sanca\u011f\u0131 \u00c7arsancak R\u00fc\u015ftiyesi \u00f6\u011fretmenli\u011fine vekil olarak atan\u0131r. May\u0131s-1309\/ 1893\u2019te asl\u0131n\u0131n gelmesiyle \u00f6\u011fretmen vekilli\u011finden ayr\u0131l\u0131r. 23 g\u00fcn a\u00e7\u0131kta kald\u0131ktan sonra Dersim\u2019e ba\u011fl\u0131 Peh kazas\u0131 \u0130lkokul \u00f6\u011fretmenli\u011fine atan\u0131r: Haziran- 1309\/1893.<\/p>\n 1310\/ 1894\u2019te s\u0131navla ve terfi ederek Arapgir kazas\u0131 R\u00fc\u015ftiye Mektebi (Ortaokul) \u00f6\u011fretmenli\u011fine atan\u0131r. Ard\u0131ndan maa\u015f\u0131n\u0131n azalt\u0131lmas\u0131 \u00fczerine yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 ba\u015fvuruda, terfi i\u00e7in istifa etmesi ve \u0130stanbul\u2019a gelmesi emrolunur. Bunun \u00fczerine \u0130stanbul\u2019a gidip, bir y\u0131l kadar medreselerde ve camilerde dersle me\u015fgul olup, 1318\/1902\u2019de Harput kazas\u0131na m\u00fcderris (\u00f6\u011fretmen) tayin edilir. Bu s\u0131rada, Mam\u00fcret\u00fclaziz (Elaz\u0131\u011f) Askeri R\u00fc\u015ftiyesi Mektebi Kavaid-i Osmani Muallimli\u011fi\u2019ne atan\u0131r. Bu g\u00f6revi s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fcrken, 1325\/ 1909\u2019da\u00a0 Mamuret\u00fclaziz Vilayet M\u00fcderrisli\u011fi\u2019ne atan\u0131r. S\u00f6zkonusu eseri, yani Kavaid-i Lisan-\u0131 K\u00fcrdi\u2019 yi bu a\u015famada yay\u0131mlar.<\/p>\n Kav\u00e2id-i Lis\u00e2n-\u0131 K\u00fcrd\u00ee\u2019nin \u00d6nemi<\/strong><\/p>\n H\u00fcrriyet gazetesinde kendisiyle yap\u0131lan bir s\u00f6yle\u015fide, eserin \u00f6nemine \u00f6zellikle vurgu yapan\u00a0 Sad\u0131k Albayrak; bu \u00f6zelli\u011finden \u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fc eserin \u00f6ns\u00f6z\u00fcne ve tavsiye yaz\u0131s\u0131na da yer veriyor. (7) A\u011f\u0131r bir Osmanl\u0131ca ile yaz\u0131lan ve ilgin\u00e7 bir yakla\u015f\u0131mla yaz\u0131lan bu b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc m\u00fcmk\u00fcn oldu\u011funca g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcz T\u00fcrk\u00e7esine uyarlayarak veriyoruz:<\/p>\n \u00d6ns\u00f6z: K\u00fcrt dili;\u00a0 Arap\u00e7a, Fars\u00e7a ve K\u00fcrt\u00e7e olarak \u00fc\u00e7 dilden olu\u015fmakla, bu Bro\u015f\u00fcr\u00fcn e\u011fitim ve \u00f6\u011fretimde yay\u0131lmas\u0131yla, K\u00fcrt \u00e7ocuklar\u0131 T\u00fcrk dilini \u00f6\u011frenecekleri gibi, T\u00fcrk \u00e7ocuklar\u0131n\u0131n\u00a0 da K\u00fcrt diline vak\u0131f olacaklar\u0131 beklenmektedir.<\/p>\n Uyar\u0131\/ Hat\u0131rlatma: Bu dilde kullan\u0131lan Arap\u00e7a, Fars\u00e7a harflerden fazla iki harf g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcr ki, biri (qaf) ile (k\u00e2f) sesleri aras\u0131ndad\u0131r. \u0130ncelendi\u011finde, bunun Arap\u00e7a (k\u00e2f)a yak\u0131n oldu\u011fu g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcr. \u0130kincisi (vav) ile (f\u00e2) sesleri aras\u0131nda bir harftir ki, buna i\u015faret olarak (vav) \u00fczerine nokta konulmu\u015ftur.<\/p>\n De\u011ferli \u00dcstad Abd\u00fclhamid Efendi\u2019nin O\u011flu B\u00fcy\u00fck ve Sayg\u0131n Edebiyat\u00e7\u0131 Kemaleddin Efendi\u2019nin Edebi\u00a0 Sunu Yaz\u0131s\u0131: Allah\u2019\u0131n y\u00fcce kitab\u0131 buyurmaktad\u0131r ki; \u00e7e\u015fitli milliyetlere ve binlerce dile b\u00f6l\u00fcnm\u00fc\u015f olan insanlardan herbir kesimin; ancak\u00a0 dinsel, d\u00fcnyasal her t\u00fcrl\u00fc ilerlemenin esas\u0131 demek olan dile etti\u011fi hizmet nispetinde e\u011fitim ve uygarl\u0131k \u00e2leminde mesafe alaca\u011f\u0131 \u015f\u00fcphesizdir.<\/p>\n \u015eu halde, ayd\u0131nlanma ocaklar\u0131 ve s\u0131n\u0131rs\u0131z ilerlemenin kayna\u011f\u0131 olan\u00a0 Sultan\u2019\u0131n \u00fclkesinin her b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcnde par\u0131ldayan e\u011fitimim\u00a0 \u015fim\u015fekleriyle K\u00fcrdistan \u00e2lemini de gere\u011fi gibi ayd\u0131nlataca\u011f\u0131; soyut \u015fehirlilerinkinden farkl\u0131 bir dil kullanan ve bir b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc g\u00f6\u00e7er olarak ya\u015fayan K\u00fcrtler ve a\u015firetler, genellikle e\u011fitimden yoksun olduklar\u0131 halde, ba\u015fka dilleri de bilmediklerinden istenen d\u00fczeye yeti\u015fememekle birlikte, adeta y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n uygarl\u0131k emri oldu\u011fu halde, her nedense K\u00fcrt dilinin \u015fimdiye kadar hi\u00e7 kimse taraf\u0131ndan\u00a0 di\u011fer diller gibi\u00a0 kurallar\u0131 ortaya konmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131 (grameri yaz\u0131lmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131).<\/p>\n \u0130\u015fte bu defa, alan\u0131nda \u00f6nemli bir e\u011fitim g\u00f6ren de\u011ferli e\u011fitimci, Arapgir R\u00fc\u015ftiyesi \u00f6\u011fretmeni \u00d6mer Avni Efendi, bu ger\u00e7e\u011fi g\u00f6rerek, esasen kendisi de K\u00fcrt oldu\u011fu i\u00e7in, yine\u00a0 (Hemcinsi \u00e7eker birbirinin gayretini\/ Zahm-\u0131 miraza vurur s\u00fbz\u0131n an\u0131n\u00e7\u00fcn merhem)\u00a0\u00a0 hikmetli s\u00f6z\u00fcnde \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc \u00fczere, Sultan\u2019a ba\u011fl\u0131 memleketlerde K\u00fcrtler\u2019in ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 yerlerin ilkokullar\u0131nda ders pro\u011framlar\u0131na al\u0131nmas\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncesiyle, Kavaid-i Lisan-\u0131 K\u00fcrdi (K\u00fcrt Dilinin Grameri)\u00a0 konusunda ilk defa \u00f6zel bir bro\u015f\u00fcr haz\u0131rlam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n Bu nedenle, Anadolu y\u00f6n\u00fcnde dil konusunda gen\u00e7li\u011fi e\u011fitmek amac\u0131yla haz\u0131rlanan bu ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z ve \u00f6zg\u00fcn kitap\u00e7\u0131\u011f\u0131n, e\u011fitim ve ayd\u0131nlanma konusunda b\u00fcy\u00fck bir arzu besleyen K\u00fcrt insan\u0131nda b\u00fcy\u00fck bir memnunluk yarataca\u011f\u0131na ve e\u011fitimine \u00f6nemli bir katk\u0131 sunaca\u011f\u0131na olan inanc\u0131mla, yazar\u0131n\u0131 kutluyorum. 25 Eyl\u00fcl 1317\/1901. Muhammed Kemaleddin Harput\u00ee.<\/p>\n Bu giri\u015ften sonra, eser \u201cEmsile-i Muhtelife\u201d (\u00c7e\u015fitli \u00d6rnekler)\u00a0 ba\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131yla as\u0131l konuya girmekte ve K\u00fcrt dilinin \u00e7e\u015fitli zamanlardaki fiil \u00e7ekimleriyle devam etmektedir.<\/p>\n Mehmet BAYRAK- navkurd.net<\/strong><\/p>\n Kaynaklar<\/p>\n 1- Mehmet Bayrak: K\u00fcrdoloji Belgeleri-I, \u00d6zge yay. Ank. 1994,s. 491-505<\/p>\n 2- Halil Bilg\u00f6l adl\u0131 bu sahaf nezdindeki dolayl\u0131 giri\u015fimimizden ne yaz\u0131k ki bir sonu\u00e7 alamad\u0131k.<\/p>\n 3- Musa Anter: \u201eYekbun: 1914\u2019te \u00c7\u0131kan Dergi\u201c, Do\u011fu\u00a0 dergisi, \u0130st. Say\u0131:1\/ 1969,s. 29<\/p>\n 4- Mehmet Malmisanl\u0131: \u201eOsmanl\u0131 D\u00f6neminde Yaz\u0131lan K\u00fcrt\u00e7e Eserler \u00dczerine\u201c, Tarih ve Toplum, Say\u0131:54\/ 1988,s.61<\/p>\n 5- Sad\u0131k Albayrak: Son Devir Osmanl\u0131 Ulemas\u0131, Cilt-4, \u0130stanbul B\u00fcy\u00fck\u015fehir Bld. yay. \u0130st. 1996,s.207-209<\/p>\n 6- Bu vesileyle, an\u0131lan belgeyi Ba\u015fbakanl\u0131k Devlet Ar\u015fivi\u2019nden sa\u011flayarak yollayan Erol Mutlu\u2019yu burada te\u015fekk\u00fcrle anmak isterim.<\/p>\n 7- Bu ki\u015fi nezdindeki t\u00fcm giri\u015fimlerimize ra\u011fmen, ar\u015fivinde bulamad\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in taraf\u0131m\u0131za kitap\u00e7\u0131\u011f\u0131n bir kopisini veremedi. G\u00fcn\u00fcn birinde s\u00f6zkonusu kitap\u00e7\u0131\u011fa ula\u015faca\u011f\u0131m\u0131z yolundaki umudumuzu koruyoruz. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc an\u0131lan yazar, do\u011frudan eseri g\u00f6rerek yararlanma olana\u011f\u0131n\u0131 bulmu\u015f, ancak hangi ar\u015fivde g\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc bug\u00fcn hat\u0131rlayam\u0131yor.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" \u00dcnl\u00fc K\u00fcrt \u015fairi ve yazar\u0131 Ehmed\u00ea Xan\u00ee\u2019 nin 17. y\u00fczy\u0131lda \u00e7ocuklar i\u00e7in haz\u0131rlad\u0131\u011f\u0131 K\u00fcrt\u00e7e- Arap\u00e7a S\u00f6zl\u00fck\u2019ten (N\u00fbbar) bu yana K\u00fcrt dilinin bir\u00e7ok s\u00f6zl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc ve grameri yay\u0131mland\u0131. Bunlar aras\u0131nda, \u0130talyan M. Garzoni\u2019nin 1787\u2019de yay\u0131mlad\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u201cK\u00fcrt Dilinin Grameri ve S\u00f6zl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc\u201dn\u00fcn ku\u015fkusuz K\u00fcrdoloji biliminde \u00f6zg\u00fcn bir yeri vard\u0131r. Y\u00fczy\u0131ldan ba\u015flayarak gerek yurt d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda, gerekse yurt i\u00e7inde K\u00fcrt dilinin …<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":32,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1084,299],"tags":[3819,3818,17],"class_list":["post-12446","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","","category-arastirma","category-turkce","tag-harputlu-omer-avni-efendi","tag-kavaid-i-lisan-i-kurdi","tag-slide"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/candname.com\/tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12446","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/candname.com\/tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/candname.com\/tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/candname.com\/tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/32"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/candname.com\/tr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=12446"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/candname.com\/tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12446\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/candname.com\/tr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=12446"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/candname.com\/tr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=12446"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/candname.com\/tr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=12446"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}