{"id":10393,"date":"2016-07-22T12:00:12","date_gmt":"2016-07-22T09:00:12","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/candname.com\/?p=10393"},"modified":"2016-07-04T17:30:05","modified_gmt":"2016-07-04T14:30:05","slug":"kurt-dilinde-medresenin-rolu","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/candname.com\/tr\/?p=10393","title":{"rendered":"K\u00fcrt Dilinde Medresenin Rol\u00fc"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u015e\u00fcphesiz nas\u0131l bir dil bir ulus i\u00e7in \u00f6nemli bir ba\u015far\u0131 noktas\u0131 ise, ona niceliksel de\u011fer, somut bir \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fc konulamayaca\u011f\u0131 gibi ayn\u0131 \u015fekilde dil bir ulusu \u00f6l\u00fcmden kurtaran bir fakt\u00f6rd\u00fcr.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

K\u00fcrtler i\u00e7in de bu \u015fekilde olagelmi\u015f ve olmaya devam etmektedir.<\/span>
\nDi\u011fer halklar\u0131n dillerini kendi devletleri ulusal \u00f6l\u00fcmden kurtarm\u0131\u015fken, K\u00fcrtler de K\u00fcrt dilini muhafaza etmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015farak onu ulusal bir \u00f6l\u00fcmden kurtarmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmaktad\u0131rlar.<\/span><\/p>\n

K\u00fcrtler dillerini ya\u015fatma ad\u0131na b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00e7abalar sarf etmektedirler. Ayd\u0131nlanma \u00e7abas\u0131 diye de adland\u0131rabilece\u011fimiz bu m\u00fccadele yakla\u015f\u0131k 1100 y\u0131ld\u0131r devam etmektedir. 950\u2019li y\u0131llarda K\u00fcrt Medreseleri kurulmalar\u0131 ile birlikte, K\u00fcrt ulusu ve K\u00fcrtlerin i\u00e7indeki az\u0131nl\u0131klar\u0131n ayd\u0131nlanmalar\u0131na, e\u011fitimlerini g\u00fcn\u00fcn \u015fartlar\u0131na g\u00f6re en \u00fcst seviyede devam ettirmelerine imkan sa\u011flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. K\u00fcrtlerin \u00f6vg\u00fcs\u00fcne neden olmu\u015f pek \u00e7ok de\u011ferli bilge ve ayd\u0131n ki\u015filer bu medreselerin de\u011fi\u015fik kollar\u0131ndan yeti\u015fmi\u015flerdir.<\/span><\/p>\n

Bu medreselerde K\u00fcrt \u00e7ocuklar\u0131ndan ba\u015fka Azeri, Arap, \u00c7erkez, \u00c7e\u00e7en, Laz, G\u00fcrc\u00fc, Fars, hatta Endonezyal\u0131 toplumlardan pek \u00e7ok gen\u00e7 ve 16. ila 17. y\u00fczy\u0131llarda T\u00fcrkmen gen\u00e7leri yeti\u015fmi\u015f ve e\u011fitimlerini tamamlad\u0131ktan sonra kendi toplumlar\u0131na geri d\u00f6nerek, K\u00fcrt medreselerinde ald\u0131klar\u0131 bilgi ve ilim sayesinde toplumlar\u0131n\u0131 ayd\u0131nlatarak onlara \u00f6nc\u00fcl\u00fck etmi\u015flerdir.<\/span>
\nBu medreseler nas\u0131l kurumlard\u0131, nas\u0131l bir i\u015flev g\u00f6r\u00fcrd\u00fc ve b\u00fcnyesinde ka\u00e7 bilim adam\u0131 yer almaktayd\u0131 ve ka\u00e7 bilim dal\u0131 okutulmaktayd\u0131? Bu sorulara ne yaz\u0131k ki tam sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131 cevaplar veremiyoruz. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc bu durum 20.Y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n sonuna do\u011fru medreselerin kapat\u0131lmas\u0131 ve bunun yan\u0131nda K\u00fcrt dilinin yasaklanmas\u0131ndan \u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fc, K\u00fcrtlerin bu kurumlar\u0131 yak\u0131ndan tan\u0131ma ve sonraki nesillere tan\u0131tma imk\u00e2nlar\u0131n\u0131n kalmamas\u0131yla ba\u011flant\u0131l\u0131d\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n

K\u00fcrt medreselerinde, okutulan \u00f6\u011frenim dallar\u0131, bu kurumlar\u0131n ya\u015fam tarz ve y\u00f6ntemleri hep merak konusu olagelmi\u015ftir. Bu konu \u00fczerinde birtak\u0131m ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015f ise de bunlar\u0131n \u00e7o\u011fu eksik, yanl\u0131\u015f ve \u00e7e\u015fitli rivayetlerden olu\u015fmaktad\u0131r. Ya da K\u00fcrt medreseleri hakk\u0131nda de\u011fi\u015fik baz\u0131 inan\u00e7lar\u0131n izinden gidilmi\u015f dolay\u0131s\u0131yla bu konu yanl\u0131\u015f bir bak\u0131\u015fla ele al\u0131narak bu kurumlar gericilik ve tutuculukla de\u011ferlendirilmi\u015ftir.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0130lk K\u00fcrt medresesi miladi 950 y\u0131l\u0131nda Hemedan b\u00f6lgesinde K\u00fcrtlerin \u0130slam dini konusunda e\u011fitilmesi amac\u0131yla a\u00e7\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. <\/strong>Selahattin Eyyubi\u2019nin devlet yetkilisi olmas\u0131ndan sonra i\u00e7inde sadece \u0130slami ilimlerin okutuldu\u011fu medreselerin e\u011fitim durumu de\u011fi\u015ftirilerek bir\u00e7ok bilim dal\u0131 da burada okutulmaya ba\u015flanm\u0131\u015f ve K\u00fcrt diline a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131k verilerek medreseye iyice yerle\u015fmesi sa\u011flanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. B\u00f6ylece bu kurum geli\u015fmi\u015f ve g\u00fc\u00e7lenmi\u015ftir. Medrese e\u011fitimi ilkokuldan \u00fcniversiteye kadard\u0131 ve \u00fc\u00e7 a\u015famadan olu\u015fmaktayd\u0131.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

K\u00fcrt medreselerinin baz\u0131lar\u0131 d\u00f6nemlerinde \u00e7ok me\u015fhur olmu\u015ftu, bunlardan baz\u0131lar\u0131 \u015funlard\u0131; Strabas (Diyarbak\u0131r), Sor (Cizira Botan), Feqiye Teyran, Bazid, \u015eemdinan, Hizan, Miks, Axtepe, Qerekoy, \u00c7uxre\u015fi, Siirt, Tillo ve Palu medreseleri. <\/strong>Bu medreselerde okutulan derslerin baz\u0131lar\u0131 da \u015funlard\u0131; Kuran tefsiri, Mant\u0131k ilmi, Konu\u015fma edebi, \u0130leti\u015fim ilmi, Kanun ilmi, Miras Hukuku, T\u00f6re, \u00d6rf ve Adet ilmi, Astronomi ve Astroloji ilmi, Sa\u011fl\u0131k ilmi, Hesap ilmi, Felsefe ve T\u0131p ilimleri idi. Bu dersler \u0130slam d\u00fcnyas\u0131nda sadece K\u00fcrt medreselerinde okutulmaktayd\u0131. <\/span><\/p>\n

Di\u011fer halklar\u0131n medreselerinde sadece dini e\u011fitim ve dindarl\u0131k vazifesi \u00f6\u011fretilmekteydi. K\u00fcrt medreselerinde ders kitab\u0131 olarak okutulan ve Arap\u00e7a yaz\u0131lm\u0131\u015f kitaplar\u0131n tamam\u0131 e\u011fitmenler taraf\u0131ndan K\u00fcrt diline \u00e7evirisi yap\u0131larak aktar\u0131lmaktayd\u0131.<\/span>
\nBu y\u00f6ntem, K\u00fcrt dilinin geli\u015fmesini ve g\u00fc\u00e7lenmesini sa\u011fl\u0131yordu. K\u00fcrtler aras\u0131nda her evden bir ya da iki \u00e7ocu\u011fun medresede okuma gereklili\u011fi vard\u0131.<\/span>
\nK\u00fcrt medresesi ayn\u0131 zamanda K\u00fcrtl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc, gelene\u011finin ya\u015fand\u0131\u011f\u0131, ulusal ki\u015fili\u011fin korundu\u011fu ve bazen de mahkeme g\u00f6revinin icra edildi\u011fi bir aland\u0131.<\/span><\/p>\n

Buralarda ders veren e\u011fitimcilere Seyda ad\u0131 verilmekteydi. K\u00fcrt\u00e7e\u2019de \u201cSey\u201d kelimesi ders ismidir, \u201cda\u201d eki de verdi\/vermek anlam\u0131ndad\u0131r. Yani \u201cders veren\u201d anlam\u0131ndad\u0131r.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Medreselerde okuyan \u00f6\u011frencilerin y\u00fczde otuzu k\u0131zlardan olu\u015fmaktayd\u0131. K\u00fcrt medreselerinde ders ge\u00e7me ya da s\u0131n\u0131f ge\u00e7me yoktu bunun yerine tamam\u0131 y\u00fcz tane olan kitaplar\u0131n hepsini okumak gerekiyordu, bu da ortalama yirmi y\u0131l s\u00fcrmekteydi. Bunun sonucunda e\u011fitim icazeti al\u0131n\u0131rd\u0131 ve bunu alan kimse K\u00fcrt\u00e7e, Arap\u00e7a, Fars\u00e7a ve Osmanl\u0131ca dillerini rahatl\u0131kla konu\u015fabilirdi.<\/span><\/p>\n

Bu medreselerde yeti\u015fmi\u015f \u00e7ok say\u0131da \u00f6nemli K\u00fcrt \u015fahsiyetleri vard\u0131r.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Bunlardan baz\u0131lar\u0131; <\/strong>Ehmede Xani, Feqe Re\u015fid\u0131 Hekari, Feqiye Teyran, Mele Ehmed Bateyi, Seidi Kurdi(Norsi), \u015eerifxani Colemergi, Sex Ebdulqadir Nehri, Sex Ehmed Berzani, Eli Heriri, \u015eex Mehmud Berzenci, Mela Ehmed C\u0131ziri, \u015eex Ubeydullah Nehri, Seyid Taha Nehri, Xaris Bedlisi, \u015eex Evdirehman Axtepi, Mele Mahm\u00fcd Bazidi ve \u00e7o\u011fumuzun tan\u0131ma \u015ferefine nail oldu\u011fu, \u00e7ok tan\u0131nan sayg\u0131n ve b\u00fcy\u00fck \u015fahsiyet Seyda Mele H\u00fcseyin Bar\u00e7\u0131n.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Sabih Kayhan-gazetekurd.net<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u015e\u00fcphesiz nas\u0131l bir dil bir ulus i\u00e7in \u00f6nemli bir ba\u015far\u0131 noktas\u0131 ise, ona niceliksel de\u011fer, somut bir \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fc konulamayaca\u011f\u0131 gibi ayn\u0131 \u015fekilde dil bir ulusu \u00f6l\u00fcmden kurtaran bir fakt\u00f6rd\u00fcr. K\u00fcrtler i\u00e7in de bu \u015fekilde olagelmi\u015f ve olmaya devam etmektedir. Di\u011fer halklar\u0131n dillerini kendi devletleri ulusal \u00f6l\u00fcmden kurtarm\u0131\u015fken, K\u00fcrtler de K\u00fcrt dilini muhafaza etmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015farak onu …<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":53,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[103,299],"tags":[435,78,428,17],"class_list":["post-10393","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","","category-kultur","category-turkce","tag-dil","tag-kurd","tag-medrese","tag-slide"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/candname.com\/tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10393","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/candname.com\/tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/candname.com\/tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/candname.com\/tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/53"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/candname.com\/tr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=10393"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/candname.com\/tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10393\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/candname.com\/tr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=10393"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/candname.com\/tr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=10393"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/candname.com\/tr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=10393"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}